Epidemiology and Clinical Associations of Human Parechovirus Respiratory Infections
Open accessAbstract
Infections with human parechoviruses (HPeVs) are prevalent in young children and have been associated with mild gastroenteritis and, less frequently, with meningitis and neonatal sepsis. To investigate the involvement of these viruses in respiratory disease, a highly sensitive nested PCR was used to screen a large archive of respiratory specimens, collected between January and December 2007. Respiratory samples had previously been tested for eight respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus, by PCR. HPeV was detected in 34 of 3,844 specimens, representing 27 of 2,220 study subjects (1.2%). HPeV types were identified by sequencing the VP3/VP1 junction amplified by PCR directly from clinical specimens. The assay could amplify all HPeV types examined with high sensitivity (types 1 and 3 to 6) and also identified HPeV types in all but one of the screen-positive study specimens (25 HPeV1 and eight HPeV6 specimens). Infections with both HPeV1 and HPeV6 were seasonal, with highest frequencies in July and August, and restricted to children aged between 6 months and 5 years. Other respiratory viruses were frequently codetected in HPeV-positive specimens, with significant overrepresentation of adenovirus coinfections (37%). Most HPeV-positive specimens were referred from emergency departments, although no association with specific respiratory symptoms or disease was found. In summary, the low frequency of detection and lack of clear disease associations indicate that HPeV1 and -6 are not major pathogens in individuals presenting with respiratory disease. However, the screening and typing methods developed will be of value in further HPeV testing, including testing for meningitis cases and other suspected HPeV-associated disease presentations.
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Human enteroviruses and parechoviruses constitute an important cause of central nervous system infections, meningitis, encephalitis, and sepsis-like illness in children worldwide.
“Human enteroviruses (EV) and parechovirus (HPeV) belong to the highly diversified family Picornaviridae and constitute an important cause of central nervous system (CNS) infections, meningitis and encephalitis, and sepsis-like illness in children worldwide [1–3].”
From Prevalence, type and concentration of human enterovirus and parechovirus in cerebrospinal fluid samples of pediatric patients over a 10-year period: a retrospective study (2015) · cites this paper as [3]
The paper’s introductory passage reports HPeV3-associated sepsis-like illness with central nervous system involvement in neonates and occasional HPeV1-associated encephalitis; its Clinical significance section also notes HPeV involvement in meningitis (page numbers unavailable). It does not establish the broader claim that both enteroviruses and parechoviruses are important causes of all these illnesses in children worldwide. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn contrast to other studies, no 2-year seasonality for HPeV was observed.
“In contrast to other studies, we did not observe a 2-year seasonality for HPeV [3].”
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- Authors
- Harvala, H., Robertson, I., McWilliam Leitch, E. C., Benschop, K., Wolthers, K. C., Templeton, K., & Simmonds, P.
- Affiliations
- Edinburgh Royal Infirmary (GB)
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, United Kingdom
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Harvala, H.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2008-10
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 3446-3453
- ISSN
- 0095-1137 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-660X
- PMC
- PMC2566073
- OpenAlex
- W2143101725
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 8.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Keywords
- human parechovirus, respiratory infections, pediatric respiratory disease, viral coinfection, seasonal variation, virus typing, emergency department referral
- MeSH terms
- Adenoviridae Infections, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Picornaviridae Infections, Respiratory Tract Infections, Seasons, Sensitivity and Specificity, Viral Proteins, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Homology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Parechovirus
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