Candida palmioleophila: characterization of a previously overlooked pathogen and its unique susceptibility profile in comparison with five related species.

Jensen, Rasmus H.; Arendrup, Maiken C.

doi:10.1128/jcm.02071-10

Cited by 68Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityYeasts and Rust Fungi StudiesBacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing

Candida palmioleophila: characterization of a previously overlooked pathogen and its unique susceptibility profile in comparison with five related species.

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Jensen, Rasmus H., Arendrup, Maiken C.·2011·Journal of Clinical Microbiology

DOI 10.1128/jcm.02071-10PMC PMC3043495

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Abstract

Candida palmioleophila has previously been misidentified as C. famata or C. guilliermondii. We have investigated traditional and modern identification methods for the identification of this and related species. Forty-one clinical isolates previously identified as C. famata or C. guilliermondii and 8 reference strains were included. Color development on CHROMagar, growth temperature ranges, micromorphologies, carbon assimilation (ID32C), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) profiles, and susceptibility profiles (mica- and anidulafungin and itra-, vori-, posa-, and fluconazole MICs were determined by EUCAST method EDef 7.1, and caspofungin MICs were determined by Etest) were determined, and results were compared to those of molecular identification (ITS1 and ITS2 sequencing). The following five different species were identified among the clinical isolates by sequencing, but no C. famata isolates were found: C. guilliermondii (22 isolates), C. palmioleophila (8 isolates), C. fermentati (6 isolates), C. lusitaniae (3 isolates), and C. intermedia (2 isolates). C. palmioleophila developed a distinct scintillating color of turquoise to rose, grew at 40°C, and failed to produce pseudohyphae within 14 days. The ID32C profile for 7/9 C. palmioleophila isolates was 5367352315, and all were unable to hydrolyze esculin (Esc). The six related species were well discriminated by MALDI-TOF MS. The susceptibility pattern for C. palmioleophila was unique, as the echinocandin MICs were low (range, 0.008 to 0.125 μg/ml) and fluconazole MICs were high (range, 8 to >16 μg/ml). Correct identification of C. palmioleophila is important due to its unique susceptibility profile. Identification is possible yet laborious with conventional techniques, whereas MALDI-TOF MS easily separated the related species.

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Polymorphisms occur at codon I660 in hot spot 1 of FKS1 in C. krusei, for which the in vitro micafungin MIC is elevated approximately 2-fold.
“Additionally, polymorphisms occur at codon I660 in hot spot 1 of FKS1 in C. krusei, for which the in vitro micafungin MIC is elevated approx. 2-fold and at codon V641 in FKS1 and V1374 in FKS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is in general slightly less echinocandin susceptible than C. albicans and C. glabrata.”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [26]
Polymorphisms occur at codon V641 in FKS1 and V1374 in FKS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is in general slightly less echinocandin susceptible than C. albicans and C. glabrata.
“Additionally, polymorphisms occur at codon I660 in hot spot 1 of FKS1 in C. krusei, for which the in vitro micafungin MIC is elevated approx. 2-fold and at codon V641 in FKS1 and V1374 in FKS2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is in general slightly less echinocandin susceptible than C. albicans and C. glabrata.”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [26]
Intrinsic target gene alterations are found in C. parapsilosis, C. metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, C. guilliermondii and C. lipolytica.
“Intrinsic target gene alterations are found in C. parapsilosis, C. metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, C. guilliermondii and C. lipolytica (Table 1) (7;26).”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [26]
Echinocandin resistance was detected in as many as 10% of post-treatment oral mucosal isolates obtained from candidaemic patients initially treated with an echinocandin.
“Notably, it was recently reported that echinocandin resistance was detected in as many as 10% of post treatment oral mucosal isolates obtained from candidaemic patients initially treated with an echinocandin (24).”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [24]
Echinocandin resistance often develops in a progressive manner.
“Echinocandin resistance often develop in a progressive manner.”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [24]

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Authors: Jensen, R. H., & Arendrup, M. C.
Affiliations: Mycology Division, Department for Microbiological Surveillance and Research, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
Statens Serum Institut (DK)
Corresponding author: Arendrup, Maiken C.
ORCID: Arendrup, Maiken C.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2011-02
Volume: 49
Issue: 2
Pages: 549-556
ISSN: 0095-1137 (ISSN-L)
1098-660X
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.02071-10
PMC: PMC3043495
OpenAlex: W2124561359
Cited by: 68
References: 50
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 4.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Clinical Microbiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
Keywords: Candida guilliermondii, Debaryomyces hansenii, fungal identification, antifungal susceptibility, echinocandin susceptibility, fluconazole resistance, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, esculin hydrolysis, Candida lusitaniae, Candida intermedia, misidentification, clinical isolates
MeSH terms: Antifungal Agents, Candida, Candidiasis, DNA, Fungal, Humans, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Molecular Sequence Data, Mycological Typing Techniques, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization, DNA, Ribosomal Spacer

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Candida palmioleophila: characterization of a previously overlooked pathogen and its unique susceptibility profile in comparison with five related species.

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