Echinocandin Susceptibility Testing of Candida Species: Comparison of EUCAST EDef 7.1, CLSI M27-A3, Etest, Disk Diffusion, and Agar Dilution Methods with RPMI and IsoSensitest Media

Arendrup, Maiken Cavling; Garcia-Effron, Guillermo; Lass-Flörl, Cornelia; Lopez, Alicia Gomez; Rodriguez-Tudela, Juan-Luis; Cuenca-Estrella, Manuel; Perlin, David S.

doi:10.1128/aac.01256-09

Cited by 158Antifungal resistance and susceptibilityBacterial Identification and Susceptibility TestingYeasts and Rust Fungi Studies

Echinocandin Susceptibility Testing of Candida Species: Comparison of EUCAST EDef 7.1, CLSI M27-A3, Etest, Disk Diffusion, and Agar Dilution Methods with RPMI and IsoSensitest Media

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Arendrup, Maiken Cavling, Garcia-Effron, Guillermo, Lass-Flörl, Cornelia, Lopez, Alicia Gomez, Rodriguez-Tudela, Juan-Luis, Cuenca-Estrella, Manuel, Perlin, David S.·2010·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

DOI 10.1128/aac.01256-09PMC PMC2798528

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Abstract

ABSTRACT This study compared nine susceptibility testing methods and 12 endpoints for anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin with the same collection of blindedFKShot spot mutant (n= 29) and wild-type isolates (n= 94). The susceptibility tests included EUCAST Edef 7.1, agar dilution, Etest, and disk diffusion with RPMI-1640 plus 2% glucose (2G) and IsoSensitest-2G media and CLSI M27A-3. Microdilution plates were read after 24 and 48 h. The following test parameters were evaluated:fkshot spot mutants overlapping the wild-type distribution, distance between the two populations, number of very major errors (VMEs;fksmutants misclassified as susceptible), and major errors (MEs; wild-type isolates classified as resistant) using a wild-type-upper-limit value (WT-UL) (two twofold-dilutions higher than the MIC50) as the susceptibility breakpoint. The methods with the lowest number of errors (given as VMEs/MEs) across the three echinocandins were CLSI (12%/1%), agar dilution with RPMI-2G medium (14%/0%), and Etest with RPMI-2G medium (8%/3%). The fewest errors overall were observed for anidulafungin (4%/1% for EUCAST, 4%/3% for CLSI, and 3%/9% for Etest with RPMI-2G). For micafungin, VME rates of 10 to 71% were observed. For caspofungin, agar dilution with either medium was superior (VMEs/MEs of 0%/1%), while CLSI, EUCAST with IsoSensitest-2G medium, and Etest were less optimal (VMEs of 7%, 10%, and 10%, respectively). Applying the CLSI breakpoint (S ≤ 2 μg/ml) for CLSI results, 89.2%fkshot spot mutants were classified as anidulafungin susceptible, 60.7% as caspofungin susceptible, and 92.9% as micafungin susceptible. In conclusion, no test was perfect, but anidulafungin susceptibility testing using the WT-UL to define susceptibility reliably identifiedfkshot spot mutants.

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Echinocandin resistance has been found in most clinically relevant Candida species.
“It has been found in most clinically relevant Candida species, but is most common in C. glabrata with rates exceeding 10% at selected institutions.”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [15]
Echinocandin resistance has emerged in Candida over recent years.
“Echinocandin resistance has emerged over the recent years.”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [15]
Most reports of acquired echinocandin resistance are case reports or case series, which collectively document the potential of resistance development in almost all species that are not intrinsically susceptible.
“Most are case reports or case series, which collectively document the potential of resistance development in almost all species that are not intrinsically susceptible (9–15).”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [15]
Acquired echinocandin resistance has been reported in single isolates belonging to most Candida species including C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. kefyr, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae and C. tropicalis.
“Moreover, reports on acquired echinocandin resistance, defined as resistance among species that are normally susceptible, have emerged and today acquired resistance has been reported in single isolates belonging to most Candida species including C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. kefyr, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. lusitaniae and C. tropicalis (9–15).”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [15]
Clinically relevant acquired echinocandin resistance in Candida has never been detected in the absence of FKS hot spot mutations.
“So far, clinically relevant acquired echinocandin resistance in Candida has never been detected in absence of FKS hot spot mutations.”
From Echinocandin resistance: an emerging clinical problem? (2014) · cites this paper as [15]

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“They are among the preferred agents for invasive candidiasis, as a number of recent fungemia surveys have reported a considerable proportion of cases involving species with reduced susceptibility to fluconazole (3, 4, 24, 28, 31, 37, 44).”
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Arendrup, M. C., Prakash, A., Meletiadis, J., Sharma, C., & Chowdhary, A. (2017) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00485-17 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
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National Surveillance of Fungemia in Denmark (2004 to 2009)
Arendrup, M. C., Bruun, B., Christensen, J. J., Fuursted, K., Johansen, H. K., Kjældgaard, P., Knudsen, J. D., Kristensen, L., Møller, J., Nielsen, L., et al. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01811-10 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
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Epidemiological changes with potential implication for antifungal prescription recommendations for fungaemia: data from a nationwide fungaemia surveillance programme
Arendrup, M. C., Dzajic, E., Jensen, R. H., Johansen, H. K., Kjaldgaard, P., Knudsen, J. D., Kristensen, L., Leitz, C., Lemming, L. E., Nielsen, L., et al. (2013) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12212 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
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SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST FOR FUNGI: CLINICAL AND LABORATORIAL CORRELATIONS IN MEDICAL MYCOLOGY
Alastruey‐Izquierdo, A., Melhem, M. D. S. C., Bonfietti, L. X., & Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L. (2015) · Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo · doi:10.1590/s0036-46652015000700011 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
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The Presence of an FKS Mutation Rather than MIC Is an Independent Risk Factor for Failure of Echinocandin Therapy among Patients with Invasive Candidiasis Due to Candida glabrata
Shields, R. K., Nguyen, M. H., Press, E. G., Kwa, A. L., Cheng, S., Du, C., & Clancy, C. J. (2012) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00027-12 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
New pathogens, new tricks: emerging, drug‐resistant fungal pathogens and future prospects for antifungal therapeutics
Geddes‐McAlister, J., & Shapiro, R. S. (2018) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13739 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Breakpoints for antifungal agents: An update from EUCAST focussing on echinocandins against Candida spp. and triazoles against Aspergillus spp.
Arendrup, M. C., Cuenca-Estrella, M., Lass-Flörl, C., & Hope, W. W. (2013) · Drug Resistance Updates · doi:10.1016/j.drup.2014.01.001 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
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Comparison of European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and Etest Methods with the CLSI Broth Microdilution Method for Echinocandin Susceptibility Testing of Candida Species
Pfaller, M. A., Castanheira, M., Diekema, D. J., Messer, S. A., Moet, G. J., & Jones, R. N. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02445-09 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Update from a 12-Year Nationwide Fungemia Surveillance: Increasing Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance Causes Concern
Astvad, K. M. T., Johansen, H. K., Røder, B. L., Rosenvinge, F. S., Knudsen, J. D., Lemming, L., Schønheyder, H. C., Hare, R. K., Kristensen, L., Nielsen, L., et al. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01564-17 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
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Differential In Vivo Activities of Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, and Micafungin against Candida glabrata Isolates with and without FKS Resistance Mutations
Arendrup, M. C., Perlin, D. S., Jensen, R. H., Howard, S. J., Goodwin, J., & Hope, W. (2012) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.06369-11 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
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Echinocandins: the expanding antifungal armamentarium
Aguilar-Zapata, D., Petraitiene, R., & Petraitis, V. (2015) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/civ814 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Echinocandin Resistance in Candida Species: Mechanisms of Reduced Susceptibility and Therapeutic Approaches
Beyda, N. D., Lewis, R. E., & Garey, K. W. (2012) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1r020 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Caspofungin MICs correlate with treatment outcomes among patients with Candida glabrata invasive candidiasis and prior echinocandin exposure.
Shields, R. K., Nguyen, M. H., Press, E. G., Updike, C. L., & Clancy, C. J. (2013) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00136-13 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Activity of a long-acting echinocandin, CD101, determined using CLSI and EUCAST reference methods, againstCandidaandAspergillusspp., including echinocandin- and azole-resistant isolates
Pfaller, M. A., Messer, S. A., Rhomberg, P. R., Jones, R. N., & Castanheira, M. (2016) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkw214 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Treatment of invasive candidiasis in the elderly: a review
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Echinocandin Resistance, Susceptibility Testing and Prophylaxis: Implications for Patient Management
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Activity of MK-3118, a new oral glucan synthase inhibitor, tested against Candida spp. by two international methods (CLSI and EUCAST)
Pfaller, M. A., Messer, S. A., Motyl, M. R., Jones, R. N., & Castanheira, M. (2012) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dks466 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Antifungal Resistance in Candida auris: Molecular Determinants
Frías-De-León, M. G., Hernández-Castro, R., Vite-Garín, T., Arenas, R., Bonifaz, A., Castañón-Olivares, L., Acosta-Altamirano, G., & Martínez-Herrera, E. (2020) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics9090568 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica
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Multicenter Study of Method-Dependent Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Detection of Resistance in Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. to Amphotericin B and Echinocandins for the Etest Agar Diffusion Method
Espinel‐Ingroff, A., Arendrup, M. C., Cantón, R., Córdoba, S. B., Dannaoui, É., García‐Rodríguez, J., González, G. M., Govender, N. P., Martín‐Mazuelos, E., Lackner, M., et al. (2016) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01792-16 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
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Epidemiology and antifungal resistance in invasive candidiasis
Rodloff, A., Koch, D., & Schaumann, R. (2011) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/2047-783x-16-4-187 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Differential activity of the oral glucan synthase inhibitor SCY-078 against wild-type and echinocandin-resistant strains of Candida species
Pfaller, M. A., Messer, S. A., Rhomberg, P. R., Borroto-Esoda, K., & Castanheira, M. (2017) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00161-17 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Evaluation of antifungal effect of iron‐oxide nanoparticles against different Candida species
Seddighi, N. S., Salari, S., & Izadi, A. (2017) · IET Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0025 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Comparison of EUCAST and CLSI broth microdilution methods for the susceptibility testing of 10 Systemically active antifungal agents when tested against Candida spp.
Pfaller, M. A., Castanheira, M., Messer, S. A., Rhomberg, P. R., & Jones, R. N. (2014) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.03.004 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Acquired multidrug antifungal resistance in Candida lusitaniae during therapy
Asner, S. A., Giulieri, S., Diezi, M., Marchetti, O., & Sanglard, D. (2015) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.02204-15 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
In Vitro Activity of APX001A (Manogepix) and Comparator Agents against 1,706 Fungal Isolates Collected during an International Surveillance Program in 2017
Pfaller, M. A., Huband, M. D., Flamm, R. K., Bien, P. A., & Castanheira, M. (2019) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00840-19 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Comparison of the Sensititre YeastOne colorimetric antifungal panel with CLSI microdilution for antifungal susceptibility testing of the echinocandins against Candida spp., using new clinical breakpoints and epidemiological cutoff values
Pfaller, M. A., Chaturvedi, V. P., Diekema, D. J., Ghannoum, M. A., Holliday, N. M., Killian, S. B., Knapp, C. C., Messer, S. A., Miskou, A., & Ramani, R. (2012) · Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease · doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.05.008 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Use of Micafungin as a Surrogate Marker To Predict Susceptibility and Resistance to Caspofungin among 3,764 Clinical Isolates of Candida by Use of CLSI Methods and Interpretive Criteria
Pfaller, M. A., Messer, S. A., Diekema, D. J., Jones, R. N., & Castanheira, M. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02481-13 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
European expert opinion on the management of invasive candidiasis in adults
Kullberg, B. J., Verweij, P. E., Akova, M., Arendrup, M. C., Billé, J., Calandra, T., Cuenca‐Estrella, M., Herbrecht, R., Jacobs, F., Kalin, M., et al. (2011) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03615.x · Cited by 72 · see citing works
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Cyrene™ is a green alternative to DMSO as a solvent for antibacterial drug discovery against ESKAPE pathogens
Camp, J. E., Nyamini, S. B., & Scott, F. J. (2019) · RSC Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c9md00341j · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Candida palmioleophila: characterization of a previously overlooked pathogen and its unique susceptibility profile in comparison with five related species.
Jensen, R. H., & Arendrup, M. C. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02071-10 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
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Caspofungin Etest susceptibility testing of Candida species: risk of misclassification of susceptible isolates of C. glabrata and C. krusei when adopting the revised CLSI caspofungin breakpoints.
Arendrup, M. C., Pfaller, M. A., & the Danish Fungaemia Study Group (2012) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00355-12 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
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Oral candidiasis among African human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals: 10 years of systematic review and meta-analysis from sub-Saharan Africa
Mushi, M. F., Bader, O., Taverne-Ghadwal, L., Bii, C. C., Groß, U., & Mshana, S. E. (2017) · Journal of Oral Microbiology · doi:10.1080/20002297.2017.1317579 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
CD101, a long-acting echinocandin, and comparator antifungal agents tested against a global collection of invasive fungal isolates in the SENTRY 2015 Antifungal Surveillance Program
Pfaller, M. A., Messer, S. A., Rhomberg, P. R., & Castanheira, M. (2017) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.028 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Rapid Detection of FKS -Associated Echinocandin Resistance in Candida glabrata
Zhao, Y., Nagasaki, Y., Kordalewska, M., Press, E. G., Shields, R. K., Nguyen, M. H., Clancy, C. J., & Perlin, D. S. (2016) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01574-16 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
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Real-world experience with echinocandin MICs against Candida species in a multicenter study of hospitals that routinely perform susceptibility testing of bloodstream isolates
Eschenauer, G. A., Nguyen, M. H., Shoham, S., Vazquez, J. A., Morris, A. J., Pasculle, W. A., Kubin, C. J., Klinker, K. P., Carver, P. L., Hanson, K. E., et al. (2014) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.02163-13 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Caspofungin: Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical uses and treatment outcomes
Song, J., & Stevens, D. A. (2015) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.3109/1040841x.2015.1068271 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
EUCAST technical note on anidulafungin
Arendrup, M. C., Rodriguez-Tudela, J. L., Lass‐Flörl, C., Cuenca‐Estrella, M., Donnelly, J. P., & Hope, W. W. (2011) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03647.x · Cited by 60 · see citing works
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Use of Epidemiological Cutoff Values To Examine 9-Year Trends in Susceptibility of Candida Species to Anidulafungin, Caspofungin, and Micafungin
Pfaller, M. A., Boyken, L. B., Hollis, R. J., Kroeger, J. S., Messer, S. A., Tendolkar, S., & Diekema, D. J. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.02120-10 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Echinocandin Susceptibility Testing of Candida spp. Using EUCAST EDef 7.1 and CLSI M27-A3 Standard Procedures: Analysis of the Influence of Bovine Serum Albumin Supplementation, Storage Time, and Drug Lots
Arendrup, M. C., Rodriguez-Tudela, J.-L., Park, S., Garcia-Effron, G., Delmas, G., Cuenca-Estrella, M., Gomez-Lopez, A., & Perlin, D. S. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01364-10 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
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Species and susceptibility distribution of 1062 clinical yeast isolates to azoles, echinocandins, flucytosine and amphotericin B from a multi‐centre study
Schmalreck, A., Willinger, B., Haase, G., Blum, G., Lass‐Flörl, C., Fegeler, W., Becker, K., & for the Antifungal Susceptibility Testing (AFST) Study Group (2012) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02165.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Disseminated Candidiasis Caused by Candida albicans with Amino Acid Substitutions in Fks1 at Position Ser645 Cannot Be Successfully Treated with Micafungin
Slater, J. L., Howard, S. J., Sharp, J., Goodwin, J., Gregson, L., Alastruey‐Izquierdo, A., Arendrup, M. C., Warn, P. A., Perlin, D. S., & Hope, W. W. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01686-10 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
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Multicenter Study of Anidulafungin and Micafungin MIC Distributions and Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Eight Candida Species and the CLSI M27-A3 Broth Microdilution Method
Pfaller, M. A., Espinel‐Ingroff, A., Bustamante, B., Cantón, R., Diekema, D. J., Fothergill, A., Fuller, J., González, G. M., Guarro, J., Lass‐Flörl, C., et al. (2013) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.02020-13 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Set of Classical PCRs for Detection of Mutations in Candida glabrata FKS Genes Linked with Echinocandin Resistance
Dudiuk, C., Gamarra, S., Leonardeli, F., Jimenez-Ortigosa, C., Vitale, R. G., Afeltra, J., Perlin, D. S., & Garcia-Effron, G. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01038-14 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
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Use of Anidulafungin as a Surrogate Marker To Predict Susceptibility and Resistance to Caspofungin among 4,290 Clinical Isolates of Candida by Using CLSI Methods and Interpretive Criteria
Pfaller, M. A., Diekema, D. J., Jones, R. N., & Castanheira, M. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00782-14 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Culture-Independent Molecular Methods for Detection of Antifungal Resistance Mechanisms and Fungal Identification
Perlin, D. S., & Wiederhold, N. P. (2017) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jix121 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
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Comparison of Three Statistical Methods for Establishing Tentative Wild-Type Population and Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Echinocandins, Amphotericin B, Flucytosine, and Six Candida Species as Determined by the Colorimetric Sensititre YeastOne Method
Cantón, E., Pemán, J., Hervás, D., Íñiguez, C., Navarro, D., Echeverría, J., Martínez-Alarcón, J., Fontanals, D., Gomila-Sard, B., Buendía, B., et al. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01730-12 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Evaluation of the in vitro activity of isavuconazole and comparator voriconazole against 2635 contemporary clinical Candida and Aspergillus isolates
Astvad, K. M. T., Hare, R. K., & Arendrup, M. C. (2017) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2017.03.023 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
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Susceptibility Test Methods: Yeasts and Filamentous Fungi
Johnson, E. M., & Arendrup, M. C. (2015) · ASM Press eBooks · doi:10.1128/9781555817381.ch131 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
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Evaluation of Caspofungin Susceptibility Testing by the New Vitek 2 AST-YS06 Yeast Card Using a Unique Collection of FKS Wild-Type and Hot Spot Mutant Isolates, Including the Five Most Common Candida Species
Astvad, K. M., Perlin, D. S., Johansen, H. K., Jensen, R. H., & Arendrup, M. C. (2013) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01382-12 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
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Pan-azole-resistantCandida tropicaliscarrying homozygouserg11mutations at position K143R: a new emerging superbug?
Xisto, M. I. D. D. S., Caramalho, R., Rocha, D. A. S., Ferreira‐Pereira, A., Sartori, B., Barreto‐Bergter, E., Junqueira, M. L., Lass‐Flörl, C., & Lackner, M. (2016) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkw558 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Development of Echinocandin Resistance in Candida tropicalis following Short-Term Exposure to Caspofungin for Empiric Therapy
Khan, Z., Ahmad, S., Mokaddas, E. M., Meis, J. F. G. M., Joseph, L., Abdullah, A. A., & Vayalil, S. (2018) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01926-17 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Evaluation of antifungal activity of standardized extract of Salvia rhytidea Benth. (Lamiaceae) against various Candida isolates
Salari, S., Bakhshi, T., Sharififar, F., Naseri, A., & Almani, P. G. N. (2016) · Journal de Mycologie Médicale · doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2016.06.003 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Emergence of resistantCandida glabratain Germany
Aldejohann, A. M., Herz, M., Martin, R., Walther, G., & Kurzai, O. (2021) · JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance · doi:10.1093/jacamr/dlab122 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Epidemiological Cutoff Values for Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Posaconazole, and Voriconazole for Six Candida Species as Determined by the Colorimetric Sensititre YeastOne Method
Cantón, E., Pemán, J., Íñiguez, C., Hervás, D., López-Hontangas, J. L., Pina‐Vaz, C., Camarena, J. J., Campos-Herrero, M. I., García-García, I., García-Tapia, A. M., et al. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.01230-13 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Synthesis and antifungal activity of novel oxazolidin-2-one-linked 1,2,3-triazole derivatives
Ramírez-Villalva, A., González‐Calderón, D., Rojas-García, R. I., González‐Romero, C., Tamaríz-Mascarúa, J., Morales-Rodríguez, M., Zavala‐Segovia, N., & Fuentes‐Benítes, A. (2017) · MedChemComm · doi:10.1039/c7md00442g · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Comparative Effects of Micafungin, Caspofungin, and Anidulafungin against a Difficult-To-Treat Fungal Opportunistic Pathogen, Candida glabrata
Spreghini, E., Orlando, F., Sanguinetti, M., Posteraro, B., Giannini, D., Manso, E., & Barchiesi, F. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.05872-11 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Potency of Anidulafungin Compared to Nine Other Antifungal Agents Tested against Candida spp., Cryptococcus spp., and Aspergillus spp.: Results from the Global SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2008)
Messer, S. A., Jones, R. N., Moet, G. J., Kirby, J. T., & Castanheira, M. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00328-10 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Novel properties of Hippophae rhamnoides L. twig and leaf extracts - anti-virulence action and synergy with antifungals studied in vitro on Candida spp. model
Sadowska, B., Budzyńska, A., Stochmal, A., Żuchowski, J., & Różalska, B. (2017) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2017.04.020 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
A Pragmatic Approach to Susceptibility Classification of Yeasts without EUCAST Clinical Breakpoints
Astvad, K. M. T., Arıkan-Akdağlı, S., & Arendrup, M. C. (2022) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof8020141 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
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The future of fungal susceptibility testing
Posteraro, B., & Sanguinetti, M. (2014) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb.14.55 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Improved Detection of Candida sp. fks Hot Spot Mutants by Using the Method of the CLSI M27-A3 Document with the Addition of Bovine Serum Albumin
García‐Effrón, G., Park, S., & Perlin, D. S. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01350-10 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
Echinocandin Susceptibility Testing of Candida Isolates Collected during a 1-Year Period in Sweden
Elings, M. A., Botero-Kleiven, S., Hare, R. K., & Arendrup, M. C. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00201-11 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
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Update from the Laboratory
Bataineh, M. T. A., Sutton, D. A., Fothergill, A. W., & Wiederhold, N. P. (2015) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2015.10.014 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Epidemiology of antifungal susceptibility: Review of literature
Hadrich, I., & Ayadi, M. A. (2018) · Journal de Mycologie Médicale · doi:10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.04.011 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Susceptibility breakpoint for Danofloxacin against swine Escherichia coli
Yang, Y., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Cheng, P., Xiao, T., Ishfaq, M., Yu, H., Liu, R., & Zhang, X. (2019) · BMC Veterinary Research · doi:10.1186/s12917-019-1783-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Role of FKS Gene in the Susceptibility of Pathogenic Fungi to Echinocandins
Hori, Y., & Shibuya, K. (2018) · Medical Mycology Journal · doi:10.3314/mmj.18.004 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Evaluation of CLSI M44-A2 Disk Diffusion and Associated Breakpoint Testing of Caspofungin and Micafungin Using a Well-Characterized Panel of Wild-Type and fks Hot Spot Mutant Candida Isolates
Arendrup, M. C., Park, S., Brown, S. D., Pfaller, M. A., & Perlin, D. S. (2011) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01373-10 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
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Echinocandins: Addressing outstanding questions surrounding treatment of invasive fungal infections
Holt, S. L., & Drew, R. H. (2011) · American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy · doi:10.2146/ajhp100456 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Rationale for a Neisseria gonorrhoeae Susceptible–only Interpretive Breakpoint for Azithromycin
Kersh, E. N., Allen, V. G., Ransom, E. M., Schmerer, M. W., Cyr, S. B. S., Workowski, K., Weinstock, H., Patel, J. B., & Ferraro, M. J. (2019) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciz292 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Resistance to echinocandin antifungal agents in the United Kingdom in clinical isolates of Candida glabrata: Fifteen years of interpretation and assessment
Fraser, M., Borman, A. M., Thorn, R. M. S., & Lawrance, L. M. (2019) · Medical Mycology · doi:10.1093/mmy/myz053 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Recurrent Episodes of Candidemia Due to Candida glabrata with a Mutation in Hot Spot 1 of the FKS2 Gene Developed after Prolonged Therapy with Caspofungin
Durán-Valle, M. T., Gago, S., Gómez‐López, A., Cuenca‐Estrella, M., Diez-Canseco, L. J., Gómez-Garcés, J. L., & Zaragoza, Ó. (2012) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.06100-11 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
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Assessment of Accuracy of Identification of Pathogenic Yeasts in Microbiology Laboratories in the United Kingdom
Borman, A. M., Székely, A., Palmer, M. D., & Johnson, E. M. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00913-12 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
In vitro activity of two amphotericin B formulations against Malassezia furfur strains recovered from patients with bloodstream infections
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Dilution Methods with RPMI and IsoSensitest Media
Edef, E., M-a, C., Diffusion, D., Arendrup, M. C., García‐Effrón, G., Lopez, A. G., Rodriguez-tudela, J.-L., Cuenca-estrella, M., & Perlin, D. S. (2009)
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Echinocandin susceptibility testing of Candida species: comparison of EUCAST EDef 7.1, CLSI M27-A3, Etest, disk diffusion, and agar dilution methods with RPMI and Isosensitest media. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother
Arendrup, M. C., Rodriguez-tudela, J.-L., Park, S., García‐Effrón, G., Delmas, G., Cuenca-estrella, M., Gomez-lopez, A., & Perlin, D. S. (2015)
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Authors: Arendrup, M. C., Garcia-Effron, G., Lass-Flörl, C., Lopez, A. G., Rodriguez-Tudela, J.-L., Cuenca-Estrella, M., & Perlin, D. S.
Affiliations: Statens Serum Institut (DK)
Public Health Research Institute, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
Department of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
Servicio de Micología, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ES)
Rutgers New Jersey Medical School (US)
Corresponding author: Arendrup, Maiken Cavling
ORCID: Arendrup, Maiken Cavling
Perlin, David S.
Venue: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 2010-01
Volume: 54
Issue: 1
Pages: 426-439
ISSN: 0066-4804 (ISSN-L)
1098-6596
DOI: 10.1128/aac.01256-09
PMC: PMC2798528
OpenAlex: W2127906630
Semantic Scholar: c7a09925fbee0de8260d620b84d31813e1e012f6
Cited by: 158
References: 48
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 12.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI069397, R01AI069397)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
Keywords: Candida, anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin, agar dilution, E-test, disk diffusion, susceptibility breakpoints, very major errors, method comparison, antifungal resistance, Candida glabrata
MeSH terms: Caspofungin, Micafungin, Anidulafungin, Antifungal Agents, Candida, Candidiasis, Culture Media, Indicator Dilution Techniques, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Reference Standards, Echinocandins, Lipopeptides

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Echinocandin Susceptibility Testing of Candida Species: Comparison of EUCAST EDef 7.1, CLSI M27-A3, Etest, Disk Diffusion, and Agar Dilution Methods with RPMI and IsoSensitest Media

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