Cited by 219Virus-based gene therapy researchParvovirus B19 Infection StudiesRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Structural insight into the unique properties of adeno-associated virus serotype 9

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DiMattia, Michael A., Nam, Hyun-Joo, Van Vliet, Kim, Mitchell, Matthew, Bennett, Antonette, Gurda, Brittney L., McKenna, Robert, Olson, Norman H. +8 more·2012·Journal of Virology

Abstract

Adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) has enhanced capsid-associated tropism for cardiac muscle and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier compared to other AAV serotypes. To help identify the structural features facilitating these properties, we have used cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and three-dimensional image reconstruction (cryo-reconstruction) and X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of the AAV9 capsid at 9.7- and 2.8-Å resolutions, respectively. The AAV9 capsid exhibits the surface topology conserved in all AAVs: depressions at each icosahedral two-fold symmetry axis and surrounding each five-fold axis, three separate protrusions surrounding each three-fold axis, and a channel at each five-fold axis. The AAV9 viral protein (VP) has a conserved core structure, consisting of an eight-stranded, β-barrel motif and the αA helix, which are present in all parvovirus structures. The AAV9 VP differs in nine variable surface regions (VR-I to -IX) compared to AAV4, but at only three (VR-I, VR-II, and VR-IV) compared to AAV2 and AAV8. VR-I differences modify the raised region of the capsid surface between the two-fold and five-fold depressions. The VR-IV difference produces smaller three-fold protrusions in AAV9 that are less “pointed” than AAV2 and AAV8. Significantly, residues in the AAV9 VRs have been identified as important determinants of cellular tropism and transduction and dictate its antigenic diversity from AAV2. Hence, the AAV9 VRs likely confer the unique infection phenotypes of this serotype.

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  • No nucleotide was observed in the AAV2, AAV5, and AAV9 structures.

    “Despite this conservation, no nucleotide was observed in the AAV2, AAV5, and AAV9 structures (DiMattia et al., 2012; Govindasamy et al., 2013; Guenther et al., 2019; Xie et al., 2002).”

    From Structure comparison of the chimeric AAV2.7m8 vector with parental AAV2 (2020) · cites this paper as DiMattia et al., 2012

    The Results and Discussion (pp. 6–7) describe the AAV9 structure and say that interior positive densities were not modeled, which is consistent with no nucleotide being identified in that structure. The paper does not establish the same observation for AAV2 or AAV5; its structural comparisons instead focus on AAV2, AAV4, and AAV8. (LLM, conf=0.72)

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  1. [49]49. Muzyczka N, Berns K. (ed). 2001. Parvoviridae: the viruses and their replication, 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York, NY.

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Authors
DiMattia, M. A., Nam, H.-J., Van Vliet, K., Mitchell, M., Bennett, A., Gurda, B. L., McKenna, R., Olson, N. H., Sinkovits, R. S., Potter, M., Byrne, B. J., Aslanidi, G., Zolotukhin, S., Muzyczka, N., Baker, T. S., & Agbandje-McKenna, M.
Affiliations
  • University of Florida (US)
  • Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Structural Biology, McKnight Brain Institute, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
  • University of California San Diego (US)
  • University of Florida Health (US)
Venue
Journal of Virology
Published
2012-06-15
Volume
86
Issue
12
Pages
6947-6958
ISSN
  • 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5514
OpenAlex
W2012799865
Cited by
219
References
91
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 4
FWCI
6.94
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Virology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • National Institutes of Health (4r37gm033050-27)
  • University of California, San Francisco
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (P01HL059412, P01 HL 59412)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R37GM-033050, R37 GM-33050, DMR-0225180, R01GM082946)
  • Division of Materials Research
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR-01646, S10RR020016, P41RR001646, P41RR001081)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords
AAV9, viral tropism, blood-brain barrier penetration, antigenic diversity, 3D reconstruction
MeSH terms
Dependovirus, Capsid, Crystallography, X-Ray, Cryoelectron Microscopy, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Capsid Proteins

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