Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interleukin-1β Regulate the Murine Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Gene Through a Complex Intronic Enhancer Involving C/EBP-β and NF-κB
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Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-inducible reactive oxygen-scavenging enzyme, protects cells from TNF-mediated apoptosis. To understand how MnSOD is regulated, transient transfections of promoter-reporter gene constructions, in vitro DNA binding assays, and in vivo genomic footprint (IVGF) analysis were carried out on the murine MnSOD gene. The results of this analysis identified a 238-bp region of intron 2 that was responsive to TNF and interleukin-1beta (IL-1). This TNF response element (TNFRE) had the properties of a traditional enhancer element that functioned in an orientation- and position-independent manner. IVGF of the TNFRE revealed TNF- and IL-1-induced factor occupancy of sites that could bind NF-kappaB and C/EBP. The 5' portion of the TNFRE bound C/EBP-beta in vitro and was both necessary and sufficient for TNF responsiveness with the MnSOD promoter or with a heterologous promoter when in an upstream position. The 3' end of the TNFRE bound both NF-kappaB and C/EBP but was not necessary for TNF responsiveness with the MnSOD promoter. However, this 3' portion of the TNFRE was required for the TNFRE to function as a downstream enhancer with a heterologous promoter. These data functionally separate the MnSOD TNFRE into a region responsible for TNF activation and one that mediates induction when it is downstream of a promoter.
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SOD2 is essential for cellular survival following TNFα treatment.
“SOD2 is thus essential for cellular survival following TNFα treatment 61–63”
From Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species regulate cellular signaling and dictate biological outcomes (2010) · cites this paper as [63]
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- Authors
- Jones, P. L., Ping, D., & Boss, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Boss, Jeremy M.
- Venue
- Molecular and Cellular Biology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 1997-12
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 6970-6981
- ISSN
- 0270-7306 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5549
- PMC
- PMC232554
- OpenAlex
- W2168811904
- Cited by
- 244
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 5.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Molecular and Cellular Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r01ca047953-06, 5r01ca074271-08)
- National Cancer Institute (CA74271, CA47953)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Keywords
- manganese superoxide dismutase, intronic enhancer, TNF-α, IL-1β, C/EBPβ, NF-κB, transcriptional regulation, transcription factor binding sites, reactive oxygen species scavenging
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Base Sequence, Binding Sites, Chromosome Mapping, DNA-Binding Proteins, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Humans, Interleukin-1, Introns, Molecular Sequence Data, Nuclear Proteins, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Superoxide Dismutase, Transcription, Genetic, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic, Polymerase Chain Reaction, NF-kappa B, 3T3 Cells, DNA Primers, CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins, Mice
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