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Cited by 130Cancer-related gene regulationRNA Research and SplicingRNA modifications and cancer

CARM1 Regulates Proliferation of PC12 Cells by Methylating HuD

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Fujiwara, Tatsuji, Mori, Yasutake, Chu, Dong Ling, Koyama, Yoshihisa, Miyata, Shingo, Tanaka, Hiroyuki, Yachi, Kohji, Kubo, Tateki +2 more·2006·Molecular and Cellular Biology
DOI 10.1128/mcb.26.6.2273-2285.2006PMC PMC1430293
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Abstract

HuD is an RNA-binding protein that has been shown to induce neuronal differentiation by stabilizing labile mRNAs carrying AU-rich instability elements. Here, we show a novel mechanism of arginine methylation of HuD by coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) that affected mRNA turnover of p21cip1/waf1 mRNA in PC12 cells. CARM1 specifically methylated HuD in vitro and in vivo and colocalized with HuD in the cytoplasm. Inhibition of HuD methylation by CARM1 knockdown elongated the p21cip1/waf1 mRNA half-life and resulted in a slow growth rate and robust neuritogenesis in response to nerve growth factor (NGF). Methylation-resistant HuD bound more p21cip1/waf1 mRNA than did the wild type, and its overexpression upregulated p21cip1/waf1 protein expression. These results suggested that CARM1-methylated HuD maintains PC12 cells in the proliferative state by committing p21cip1/waf1 mRNA to its decay system. Since the methylated population of HuD was reduced in NGF-treated PC12 cells, downregulation of HuD methylation is a possible pathway through which NGF induces differentiation of PC12 cells.

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Crossref · 10.1128/mcb.26.6.2273-2285.2006

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  • Reduced CARM1 levels increase GAP-43 mRNA expression but have no effect on other known HuD-targeted mRNAs, including Tau and p27.

    “Surprisingly, although reduced CARM1 levels also increased GAP-43 mRNA expression, they had no effect on other known HuD-targeted mRNAs, including Tau and p27, suggesting that stabilization of these other target mRNAs requires additional post-translational modifications of HuD and/or other trans-acting factors (Fujiwara et al. 2006; Hubers et al. 2010).”

    From Emerging complexity of the HuD/ELAVl4 gene; implications for neuronal development, function, and dysfunction (2013) · cites this paper as Fujiwara et al. 2006

    The Discussion says CARM1 knockdown had no effect on GAP43, tau, or p27 transcript levels; only p21cip1/waf1 increased. The Results likewise report that GAP43 mRNA did not increase in the CARM1-depleted cell line examined. Thus the claim is correct about tau and p27 but contrary to the paper on GAP43 mRNA. (LLM, conf=0.94)

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  • Methylation of HuD decreases p21cip1/waf1 mRNA stability and maintains neuronal precursor cells in a proliferative state.

    “Moreover, methylation of HuD decreased p21cip1/waf1 mRNA stability and maintained neuronal precursor cells in a proliferative state.”

    From Emerging complexity of the HuD/ELAVl4 gene; implications for neuronal development, function, and dysfunction (2013) · cites this paper as Fujiwara et al. 2006

    The Results report that reducing HuD methylation lengthened p21cip1/waf1 mRNA half-life in PC12 cells, and the Abstract suggests that methylated HuD maintains those cells in a proliferative state by promoting mRNA decay. The claim extends this finding from PC12 cells to neuronal precursor cells generally, which the cited paper does not establish. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Inhibition of HuD methylation or knockdown of CARM1 results in increased p21cip1/waf1 mRNA levels, cell-cycle withdrawal, and neuronal differentiation.

    “On the other hand, inhibition of HuD methylation or knockdown of CARM1 resulted in increased p21cip1/waf1 mRNA levels, cell-cycle withdrawal, and neuronal differentiation.”

    From Emerging complexity of the HuD/ELAVl4 gene; implications for neuronal development, function, and dysfunction (2013) · cites this paper as Fujiwara et al. 2006

    The Results report a 3.26-fold increase in p21cip1/waf1 mRNA in a CARM1-depleted PC12 clone, and slower proliferation and greater neurite outgrowth in depleted clones. The Discussion describes partially differentiated cells, while the Results show accelerated neuritogenesis mainly in response to NGF. The paper does not establish cell-cycle withdrawal: slower proliferation is not the same as cell-cycle exit. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The ability of HuD to control early differentiation processes requires post-transcriptional regulation of specific target transcripts such as mRNAs encoding cyclin-dependent kinase p21cip1/waf1.

    “The ability of HuD to control these early differentiation processes requires post-transcriptional regulation of specific target transcripts such as mRNAs encoding cyclin-dependent kinase p21cip1/waf1 (Fujiwara et al. 2006).”

    From Emerging complexity of the HuD/ELAVl4 gene; implications for neuronal development, function, and dysfunction (2013) · cites this paper as Fujiwara et al. 2006

    The Results show that HuD protects p21cip1/waf1 mRNA from decay, and the paper links reduced HuD methylation with slower growth and neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. But the Discussion describes HuD’s protective effect on differentiation-related transcripts as presumed; it does not establish that regulation of p21cip1/waf1 is required for HuD to control early differentiation. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Currently, there are only three known pathways that regulate the abundance or function of HuD: protein kinase C (PKC), coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1), and protein kinase B (PKB/AKT).

    “Currently, there are only three known pathways that regulate the abundance or function of HuD: protein kinase C (PKC) (Mobarak et al. 2000; Pascale et al. 2005; Lim and Alkon 2012); coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) (Fujiwara et al. 2006; Hubers et al. 2010); and protein kinase B (PKB/AKT) (Fujiwara et al. 2011a).”

    From Emerging complexity of the HuD/ELAVl4 gene; implications for neuronal development, function, and dysfunction (2013) · cites this paper as Fujiwara et al. 2006

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Fujiwara, T., Mori, Y., Chu, D. L., Koyama, Y., Miyata, S., Tanaka, H., Yachi, K., Kubo, T., Yoshikawa, H., & Tohyama, M.
Affiliations
  • The University of Osaka (JP)
  • Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience
  • Department of Orthopedic Surgery
ORCID
Venue
Molecular and Cellular Biology
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
2006-03
Volume
26
Issue
6
Pages
2273-2285
ISSN
  • 0270-7306 (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5549
DOI
10.1128/mcb.26.6.2273-2285.2006
PMC
PMC1430293
OpenAlex
W2131318608
Cited by
130
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
FWCI
4.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Molecular and Cellular Biology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cancer-related gene regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA modifications and cancer
Keywords
CARM1, HUD, arginine methylation, PC12 cells, mRNA turnover, mRNA stability, neurite outgrowth, nerve growth factor, neuronal differentiation, cell proliferation, RNA-binding proteins
MeSH terms
Animals, Arginine, Base Sequence, Brain, Cytoplasm, Gene Expression Regulation, Half-Life, HeLa Cells, Humans, Methylation, Mice, Inbred ICR, Molecular Sequence Data, Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases, RNA, Messenger, Neurites, PC12 Cells, Nerve Growth Factor, Cell Proliferation, Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21, Mice, Rats, ELAV Proteins

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