The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Resistance of Bacillus Endospores to Extreme Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Environments
Open accessAbstract
SUMMARY: Endospores of Bacillus spp., especially Bacillus subtilis, have served as experimental models for exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the incredible longevity of spores and their resistance to environmental insults. In this review we summarize the molecular laboratory model of spore resistance mechanisms and attempt to use the model as a basis for exploration of the resistance of spores to environmental extremes both on Earth and during postulated interplanetary transfer through space as a result of natural impact processes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.
Woese, C. R., Kandler, O., & Wheelis, M. L. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 · Cited by 6,128
The complete genome sequence of the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
Kunst, F., Ogasawara, N., Moszer, I., Albertini, A. M., Alloni, G., Azevedo, V., Bertero, M. G., Bessières, P., Bolotin, A., Borchert, S., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/36786 · Cited by 3,679
Search for Past Life on Mars: Possible Relic Biogenic Activity in Martian Meteorite ALH84001
McKay, D. S., Gibson, E. K., Thomas-Keprta, K. L., Vali, H., Romanek, C. S., Clemett, S. J., Chillier, X. D. F., Maechling, C. R., & Zare, R. N. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.273.5277.924 · Cited by 1,883 · cited 1×
“These are (i) the discovery of meteorites, some of lunar and some of Martian origin, on the Earth’s surface (82); (ii) the detection of organics in two Martian meteorites (221a) and the currently controversial supposition of hints of former microbial life in one of the Martian meteorites (103), although it is still hi…”
BackgroundDesiccation tolerance of prokaryotes
Potts, M. (1994) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.58.4.755-805.1994 · Cited by 1,382
Long-Term Survival of Bacterial Spores in Space
Horneck, G., Bücker, H., & Reitz, G. (1994) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/0273-1177(94)90448-0 · Cited by 266
Self-citationThymine Photoproducts but not Thymine Dimers Found in Ultraviolet-Irradiated Bacterial Spores
Donnellan, J. E., & Setlow, R. B. (1965) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.149.3681.308 · Cited by 249
Slieman, T. A., & Nicholson, W. L. (2000) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.66.1.199-205.2000 · Cited by 156
Self-citationEvolution of proton pumping ATPases: Rooting the tree of life
Gogarten, J. P., & Taiz, L. (1992) · Photosynthesis Research · doi:10.1007/bf00039176 · Cited by 90
Lin, J. J., & Sancar, A. (1990) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(17)45365-8 · Cited by 34
Research works printed but not linked: 209
- 10.1128/am.17.5.745-749.1969 · doi:10.1128/am.17.5.745-749.1969
- Arrhenius S. Die Verbreitung des Lebens im Weltenraum.Umschau71903481485
- 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00701.x · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.178.21.6173-6183.1996 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5541915.x · DOI
- 10.1128/JB.180.8.2057-2062.1998 · DOI
- 10.1099/00221287-110-2-365 · doi:10.1099/00221287-110-2-365
- 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00309.x · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00309.x
- 10.1007/BF01219343 · DOI
- 10.1128/aem.52.6.1242-1246.1986 · doi:10.1128/aem.52.6.1242-1246.1986
- 10.1128/jb.174.13.4463-4474.1992 · doi:10.1128/jb.174.13.4463-4474.1992
- 10.1128/aem.50.6.1414-1421.1985 · doi:10.1128/aem.50.6.1414-1421.1985
- 10.1016/0273-1177(92)90181-V · DOI
- Björn L. O. Teramura A. H. Simulation of daylight UVR Environmental UV photobiology. Young A. R. Björn L. O. Moan J. Nultsch W. 1993 38 72 Plenum Press New York N.Y
- 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb04361.x · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb04361.x
- 10.1099/00207713-45-3-441 · DOI · Paper page
- Bücker H. Horneck G. Studies on the effects of cosmic HZE-particles in different biological systems in the biostack experiments I and II flown on board of Apollo 16 and 17 Radiation research. Nygaard O. F. Adler H. I. Sinclair W. K. 1975 1138 1151 Academic Press New York N.Y · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-523350-7.50111-5
- 10.1016/S0300-9084(85)80070-5 · DOI
- 10.1021/ac00063a724 · doi:10.1021/ac00063a724
- 10.1126/science.7538699 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1128/jb.179.23.7420-7425.1997 · DOI
- Chen N.-Y. Zhang J.-J. Paulus H. Chromosomal location of the Bacillus subtilis aspartokinase II gene and nucleotide sequence of the adjacent genes homologous to uvrC and trx of Escherichia coli.J. Gen. Microbiol.135198929312940
- 10.1128/jb.173.5.1696-1703.1991 · DOI
- 10.1038/361040a0 · DOI · Paper page
- Cohn F. Untersuchungen über Bakterien. IV. Beiträge zur Biologie der Bacillen.Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen.21876249276
- 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb02985.x · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.1992.tb02985.x
- 10.1146/annurev.mi.41.100187.002251 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/BF01581988 · DOI
- 10.4315/0362-028X-59.7.711 · DOI
- 10.1016/0019-1035(73)90110-3 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0273-1177(92)90178-Z · DOI
- 10.1016/0273-1177(96)00039-7 · DOI
- 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1403 · DOI
- 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00280-R · DOI
- 10.1007/BF01809446 · DOI
- 10.1016/0273-1177(92)90176-X · DOI
- 10.1128/MMBR.63.1.1-20.1999 · DOI · Paper page
- Driks A. Setlow P. Morphogenesis and properties of the bacterial spore Prokaryotic development. Brun Y. Shimkets L. 1999 191 218 American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C. · DOI
- 10.1016/B978-0-08-022022-2.50028-9 · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-022022-2.50028-9
- Facius R. Bücker H. Reitz G. Schäfer M. Radial dependence of biological response of spores of Bacillus subtilis around tracks of heavy ions 1978 977 986 Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Microdosimetry EUR 6064 DE-EN-FR. Harwood Academic Press London U.K.
- 10.1016/0273-1177(94)90569-X · DOI
- 10.1128/aem.60.7.2647-2649.1994 · doi:10.1128/aem.60.7.2647-2649.1994
- 10.1128/jb.177.15.4402-4409.1995 · DOI
- 10.1128/JB.182.2.555-560.2000 · doi:10.1128/jb.182.2.555-560.2000
- 10.1128/jb.175.6.1735-1744.1993 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb12075.x · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.1969.tb12075.x
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02274.x · DOI
- 10.1038/scientificamerican1096-68 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1146/annurev.bi.65.070196.000311 · DOI · Paper page
- Gest H. Mandelstam J. Longevity of microorganisms in natural environments.Microbiol. Sci.419876971
- 10.1126/science.271.5254.1387 · DOI · Paper page
- Gould G. W. Mechanisms of resistance and dormancy The bacterial spore Gould G. W. Hurst A. 2 1983 397 444 Academic Press London, U.K
- Grahn D. HZE particle effects in manned spaceflight. Radiobiological Advisory Board Committee on Space Medicine National Academy of Sciences. 1973 National Academy Press Washington D.C.
- 10.1146/annurev.ge.29.120195.002401 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1128/jb.128.1.317-324.1976 · doi:10.1128/jb.128.1.317-324.1976
- 10.1128/jb.163.2.774-777.1985 · doi:10.1128/jb.163.2.774-777.1985
- 10.1139/m72-175 · doi:10.1139/m72-175
- Harwood C. R. Cutting S. M. Molecular biological methods for Bacillus. 1990 John Wiley and Sons Sussex England
- 10.1128/JB.180.10.2694-2700.1998 · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.179.19.6020-6027.1997 · DOI
- Head J. N. Fragmentation and ejection of the Martian clan meteorites. Ph.D. thesis 1999 University of Arizona Tucson
- 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1996.396932.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1146/annurev.mi.47.100193.002301 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/BF01581989 · DOI
- Horneck G. The Biostack concept and its application in space and at accelerators: studies on Bacillus subtilis spores.NATO ASI Ser. Ser. A Life Sci.243A199399115
- 10.1016/0032-0633(94)00190-3 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00188-4 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0273-1177(99)00061-7 · DOI
- 10.1016/S1569-2574(08)60023-4 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.225.4658.226 · DOI
- 10.1016/0273-1177(95)00279-N · DOI
- 10.1016/1011-1344(95)07219-5 · DOI
- Horneck G. Wynn-Williams D. D. Mancinelli R. Cadet J. Munakata N. Rontó G. Edwards H. G. M. Hock B. Wänke H. Reitz G. Dachev T. Häder D. P. Brillouet C. Biological experiments on the EXPOSE facility of the International Space Station Proceedings of the 2nd European Symposium on Utilisation of the International Space Station. Wilson A. 1999 459 468 ESA ESTEC Noordwijk The Netherlands
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1982.tb02647.x · DOI
- 10.1128/aem.58.11.3472-3481.1992 · DOI
- 10.1016/0273-1177(86)90292-9 · DOI
- 10.1099/00221287-140-10-2513 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1126/science.237.4816.721 · doi:10.1126/science.237.4816.721
- Kiefer J. Kost M. Schenk-Meuser K. Radiation biology Biological and medical research in space. Moore D. Bie P. Oser H. 1996 300 367 Springer Berlin Germany · DOI
- Koch R. Untersuchungen über Bakterien. V. Die Aetiologie der Milzbrand Krankheit, begrandet auf Entwicklurgs geschichte des Bacillus anthracis.Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen.21876277308
- 10.1016/0273-1177(92)90182-W · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01398.x · DOI
- 10.1016/1011-1344(91)80269-N · DOI
- 10.1016/0006-291X(83)91771-0 · DOI
- Lorenz P. R. Hemenway C. L. Hotchin J. The biological effectiveness of solar electromagnetic radiation in space.Life Sci. Space Res.61968100
- 10.1007/BF00924239 · DOI
- 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00783.x · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00783.x
- Ludwig H. Bieler C. Hallbauer K. Scigalla W. Inactivation of microorganisms by hydrostatic pressure.Colloq. INSERM22419922532
- Madronich S. The atmosphere and UV-B radiation at ground level Environmental UV photobiology. Young A. R. 1993 1 37 Plenum New York N.Y · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1994.tb02980.x · DOI
- 10.1016/S0273-1177(98)00189-6 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00111.x · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1994.tb00111.x
- 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb04356.x · DOI
- Marshall K. C. Colonization adhesion and biofilms Manual of environmental microbiology. Hurst C. J. Knudsen G. R. McInerney M. J. Stetzenbach L. D. Walter M. V. 1997 358 365 ASM Press Washington D.C.
- 10.1128/CMR.12.1.147 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0019-1035(84)90026-5 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1130/0091-7613(1985)13<144:EORFFP>2.0.CO;2 · DOI
- 10.1038/332687a0 · DOI · Paper page
- Melosh H. J. Impact cratering: a geologic process. 1989 Oxford University Press New York N.Y
- 10.1006/icar.1999.6317 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1038/336209a0 · doi:10.1038/336209a0
- Movahedi S. and W. Waites. 2000. A two-dimensional protein gel electrophoresis study of the heat stress response of Bacillus subtilis during sporulation. J. Bacteriol. in press. · doi:10.1128/jb.182.17.4758-4763.2000
- 10.1007/BF02539290 · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.120.1.59-65.1974 · doi:10.1128/jb.120.1.59-65.1974
- 10.1007/BF00272251 · DOI
- 10.1016/0027-5107(81)90155-X · DOI
- 10.1269/jrr.30.338 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb09579.x · DOI
- 10.1016/1011-1344(95)07170-3 · DOI
- 10.1016/S1011-1344(99)00114-1 · DOI
- 10.13181/mji.v9i2.665 · doi:10.13181/mji.v9i2.665
- 10.1016/0006-291X(68)90597-4 · doi:10.1016/0006-291x(68)90597-4
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02994.x · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.111.1.192-198.1972 · DOI
- 10.1007/BF00268802 · DOI
- 10.1016/0027-5107(75)90075-5 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0165-1218(97)00020-7 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60252-0 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.4315/0362-028X-62.1.40 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1365-3091.1991.tb00376.x · doi:10.1111/j.1365-3091.1991.tb00376.x
- 10.1016/S0040-4039(96)02517-8 · doi:10.1016/s0040-4039(96)02517-8
- 10.1007/BF00294700 · DOI
- 10.1007/s004380050532 · DOI
- Nicholson W. L. Fajardo-Cavazos P. DNA repair and the ultraviolet radiation resistance of bacterial spores: from the laboratory to the environment.Recent Res. Dev. Microbiol.11997125140
- 10.1016/S0167-7012(98)00097-9 · DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.88.19.8288 · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.172.1.7-14.1990 · DOI
- Nicholson W. L. Setlow P. Sporulation germination and outgrowth Molecular biological methods for Bacillus. Harwood C. R. Cutting S. M. 1990 391 450 John Wiley and Sons Sussex England
- 10.1128/jb.171.5.2708-2718.1989 · doi:10.1128/jb.171.5.2708-2718.1989
- 10.3136/nskkk1962.41.542 · doi:10.3136/nskkk1962.41.542
- 10.1126/science.155.3764.838 · DOI
- 10.1007/BF00928893 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.234.4774.346 · DOI
- 10.1177/108201329800400105 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08444.x · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6968.1996.tb08444.x
- 10.1139/w98-026 · DOI
- 10.1016/0019-1035(80)90072-X · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1128/jb.176.13.3983-3991.1994 · DOI
- 10.1007/s002849900157 · doi:10.1007/s002849900157
- 10.1128/JB.181.1.126-132.1999 · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.178.22.6451-6458.1996 · DOI
- 10.1128/aem.61.10.3633-3638.1995 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0580-9517(08)70255-1 · DOI
- 10.1128/aem.58.8.2355-2359.1992 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1992.tb04252.x · DOI
- 10.1016/1011-1344(93)06954-2 · DOI
- Raffalli J. Rosec J.-P. Carlez A. Dumay E. Richard N. Cheftel J.-C. High pressure stress and inactivation of Listeria innocua in inoculated dairy cream.Sci. Aliment.141994349358
- 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.00460.x · DOI
- 10.1128/JB.180.18.4879-4885.1998 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0968-0004(97)01003-7 · DOI
- Richter H. Zur Darwinschen Lehre.Schmidts Jahrb. Ges. Med.1261865243249
- 10.1128/AEM.66.2.620-626.2000 · DOI · Paper page
- Roberts T. A. Hitchins A. D. Resistance of spores The Bacterial Spore. Gould G. W. Hurst A. 1969 611 670 Academic Press New York N.Y
- Russell A. D. The destruction of bacterial spores. 1982 Academic Press London U.K
- 10.1128/CMR.3.2.99 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1073/pnas.54.3.704 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1080/00337577708233137 · doi:10.1080/00337577708233137
- 10.1038/333313a0 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1128/jb.175.24.8049-8052.1993 · doi:10.1128/jb.175.24.8049-8052.1993
- Setlow B. Setlow C. A. Setlow P. Killing bacterial spores by organic hydroperoxides.J. Ind. Microbiol.181997384388
- 10.1073/pnas.84.2.421 · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.170.6.2858-2859.1988 · DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.77.5.2474 · DOI
- 10.1128/aem.54.5.1275-1276.1988 · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.176.7.2111-2113.1994 · DOI
- 10.1128/aem.61.7.2787-2790.1995 · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.178.12.3486-3495.1996 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1128/AEM.64.5.1958-1962.1998 · DOI
- 10.1146/annurev.mi.42.100188.001535 · DOI · Paper page
- Setlow P. Resistance of bacterial spores to ultraviolet light.Comments Mol. Cell. Biophys.51988253264
- 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01501.x · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.174.9.2737-2741.1992 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1365-2672.1994.tb04357.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1146/annurev.mi.49.100195.000333 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)62974-6 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)62975-8 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)41942-X · DOI
- 10.1016/S0022-2836(66)80105-5 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1997.00215.x · DOI
- 10.1006/fmic.1997.0117 · doi:10.1006/fmic.1997.0117
- 10.1128/jb.78.1.117-123.1959 · doi:10.1128/jb.78.1.117-123.1959
- 10.1128/jb.101.2.551-560.1970 · doi:10.1128/jb.101.2.551-560.1970
- Sonenshein A. L. Hoch J. A. Losick R. Bacillus subtilis and other gram-positive bacteria: biochemistry physiology and molecular genetics. 1993 American Society for Microbiology Washington D.C. · DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.59.3.822 · DOI
- 10.1016/0005-2736(80)90432-0 · doi:10.1016/0005-2736(80)90432-0
- 10.1146/annurev.genet.30.1.297 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0006-3002(56)90146-9 · DOI
- 10.1101/gad.3.2.141 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1146/annurev.mi.28.100174.001005 · DOI
- 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01114.x · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01114.x
- Thomson W. 1871 presidential address to the British Association Popular Lectures and Addresses. 1894 132 205 MacMillan and Co. New York N.Y · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511997228.008
- 10.1007/BF00731154 · doi:10.1007/bf00731154
- 10.1098/rstl.1877.0005 · doi:10.1098/rstl.1877.0005
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1978.tb07648.x · DOI
- 10.1016/0006-291X(70)90739-4 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.237.4816.738 · DOI
- 10.1016/0006-291X(91)91946-A · DOI
- 10.1128/jb.129.3.1313-1319.1977 · DOI
- 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1977.tb07432.x · DOI
- 10.1038/316403a0 · DOI
200 of 209 shown
Cited by
Rothschild, L. J., & Mancinelli, R. L. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35059215 · Cited by 2,245
Spores of Bacillus subtilis: their resistance to and killing by radiation, heat and chemicals
Setlow, P. (2006) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2005.02736.x · Cited by 1,540
Self-citationOxidative Stress Resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans
Slade, D., & Radman, M. (2011) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.00015-10 · Cited by 761
Willerslev, E., & Cooper, A. (2005) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2813 · Cited by 712
Sporulation of Bacillus subtilis
Piggot, P. J., & Hilbert, D. W. (2004) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.mib.2004.10.001 · Cited by 710
Metadata
- Authors
- Nicholson, W. L., Munakata, N., Horneck, G., Melosh, H. J., & Setlow, P.
- Venue
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2000-09
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 548-572
- ISSN
- 1092-2172 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5557
- OpenAlex
- W2140775467
- Cited by
- 2,028
- References
- 9
- FWCI
- 2.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- Licence
- journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Resistance of Bacillus Endospores to Extreme Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Environments. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1128/mmbr.64.3.548-572.2000
- The paper
- Nicholson, W. L., Munakata, N., Horneck, G., Melosh, H. J., & Setlow, P. (2000). Resistance of Bacillus Endospores to Extreme Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Environments. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.64.3.548-572.2000
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.