Dominant Bacterial Phyla from the Human Gut Show Widespread Ability To Transform and Conjugate Bile Acids
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Our current knowledge regarding microbial bile acid transformations comes primarily from biochemical studies on a relatively small number of species or from bioinformatic predictions that rely on homology to known bile acid-transforming enzyme sequences. Therefore, much remains to be learned regarding the variety of bile acid transformations and their representation across gut microbial species.
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Recent studies demonstrated that bacteria have bile acid amine N-acyltransferase activity, with dozens of bacterially conjugated amino acid amidates identified.
“Recent studies demonstrated that bacteria, in addition to the host, have bile acid amine N-acyltransferase activity, with dozens of bacterially conjugated amino acid amidates identified1–4,6,17.”
From Bile Acids Are Substrates for Amine N-Acyl Transferase Activity by Bile Salt Hydrolase (2022) · cites this paper as [2]
The bacterial enzymes responsible for producing amino acid bile acid amidates are unknown.
“The enzymes responsible for these conjugation reactions are unknown.”
From Bile Acids Are Substrates for Amine N-Acyl Transferase Activity by Bile Salt Hydrolase (2022) · cites this paper as [2]
Bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract produce amino acid bile acid amidates that can affect host-mediated metabolic processes.
“Bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract produce amino acid bile acid amidates that can affect host-mediated metabolic processes1–6; however, the bacterial gene(s) responsible for their production remain unknown.”
From Bile Acids Are Substrates for Amine N-Acyl Transferase Activity by Bile Salt Hydrolase (2022) · cites this paper as [2]
An array of intestinal bacteria can catalyse the conjugation of BAs to a variety of amino acids through an unknown mechanism.
“An array of intestinal bacteria can catalyse the conjugation of BAs to a variety of amino acids through an unknown mechanism”
From Bile salt hydrolases shape the bile acid landscape and restrict Clostridioides difficile growth in the murine gut (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
BSHs are gatekeepers of bile acid metabolism, capable of reshaping the BA landscape in the gut.
“The extensive compilation of recently identified MCBAs expands the complexity of the BSH-BA pool and reinforces BSHs as the gatekeepers of bile acid metabolism, capable of reshaping the BA landscape in the gut31,32.”
From Bile salt hydrolases shape the bile acid landscape and restrict Clostridioides difficile growth in the murine gut (2023) · cites this paper as [32]
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- Authors
- Lucas, L. N., Barrett, K., Kerby, R. L., Zhang, Q., Cattaneo, L. E., Stevenson, D., Rey, F. E., & Amador-Noguez, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Corresponding author
- Rey, F. E.
- Venue
- mSystems
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2021-08-31
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 101128msystems0080521-101128msystems0080521
- ISSN
- 2379-5077 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC12338150
- OpenAlex
- W3198649369
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 7.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- mSystems (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- HHS | National Institutes of Health (DK108259)
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008349, T32GM135066)
- National Science Foundation (1715710)
- University of Wisconsin-Madison (SciMed Grauate Research Scholars Fellowship)
- Fondation Leducq (Transatlantic Networks of Excellence Award)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Keywords
- bile acid conjugation, human gut microbiome, gut microbiota, metabolic disorders, digestive tract cancer, microbiome
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