NETosis: Molecular Mechanisms, Role in Physiology and Pathology

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Kill Bacteria

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COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression

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Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the nomenclature committee on cell death 2018.

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Novel cell death program leads to neutrophil extracellular traps

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Platelet TLR4 activates neutrophil extracellular traps to ensnare bacteria in septic blood

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Neutrophil elastase and myeloperoxidase regulate the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps

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THE MITOCHONDRIAL DEATH/LIFE REGULATOR IN APOPTOSIS AND NECROSIS

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Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19

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Neutrophil extracellular traps enriched in oxidized mitochondrial DNA are interferogenic and contribute to lupus-like disease

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Cleavage of DFNA5 by caspase-3 during apoptosis mediates progression to secondary necrotic/pyroptotic cell death

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PAD4 is essential for antibacterial innate immunity mediated by neutrophil extracellular traps

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Targeting potential drivers of COVID-19: Neutrophil extracellular traps

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NETs Are a Source of Citrullinated Autoantigens and Stimulate Inflammatory Responses in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Neutrophil extracellular traps license macrophages for cytokine production in atherosclerosis

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Infection-induced NETosis is a dynamic process involving neutrophil multitasking in vivo

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FDA-approved disulfiram inhibits pyroptosis by blocking gasdermin D pore formation

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A Distinct Pathway Remodels Mitochondrial Cristae and Mobilizes Cytochrome c during Apoptosis

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Viable neutrophils release mitochondrial DNA to form neutrophil extracellular traps

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Aggregated neutrophil extracellular traps limit inflammation by degrading cytokines and chemokines

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Catapult-like release of mitochondrial DNA by eosinophils contributes to antibacterial defense

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Thrombosis: tangled up in NETs

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Gasdermin pores permeabilize mitochondria to augment caspase-3 activation during apoptosis and inflammasome activation

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Mitochondrial non-specific pores remain closed during cardiac ischaemia, but open upon reperfusion

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Diverse stimuli engage different neutrophil extracellular trap pathways

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Neutrophil extracellular trap cell death requires both autophagy and superoxide generation

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Myeloperoxidase is required for neutrophil extracellular trap formation: implications for innate immunity

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Activation of the Raf-MEK-ERK pathway is required for neutrophil extracellular trap formation

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Gasdermin D plays a vital role in the generation of neutrophil extracellular traps

Sollberger, G., Choidas, A., Burn, G. L., Habenberger, P., Lucrezia, R. D., Kordes, S., Menninger, S., Eickhoff, J., Nußbaumer, P., Klebl, B., et al. (2018) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aar6689 · Cited by 779

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Mediate a Host Defense Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1

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Therapeutic Targeting of Mitochondrial Superoxide in Hypertension

Dikalova, A., Bikineyeva, A. T., Budzyn, K., Nazarewicz, R. R., McCann, L. A., Lewis, W., Harrison, D. G., & Dikalov, S. (2010) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.109.214601 · Cited by 745

A Myeloperoxidase-Containing Complex Regulates Neutrophil Elastase Release and Actin Dynamics during NETosis

Metzler, K. D., Goosmann, C., Lubojemska, A., Zychlinsky, A., & Papayannopoulos, V. (2014) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.044 · Cited by 741

SK3 channel and mitochondrial ROS mediate NADPH oxidase-independent NETosis induced by calcium influx

Douda, D. N., Khan, M. A., Grasemann, H., & Palaniyar, N. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1414055112 · Cited by 712

Noncanonical inflammasome signaling elicits gasdermin D–dependent neutrophil extracellular traps

Chen, K. W., Monteleone, M. M., Boucher, D., Sollberger, G., Ramnath, D., Condon, N. D., von Pein, J. B., Brož, P., Sweet, M. J., & Schroder, K. (2018) · Science Immunology · doi:10.1126/sciimmunol.aar6676 · Cited by 657

The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore: Channel Formation by F-ATP Synthase, Integration in Signal Transduction, and Role in Pathophysiology

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Phagocytosis-independent antimicrobial activity of mast cells by means of extracellular trap formation

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Neutrophil histone modification by peptidylarginine deiminase 4 is critical for deep vein thrombosis in mice

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Rapid killing of human neutrophils by the potent activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) accompanied by changes different from typical apoptosis or necrosis

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The role of neutrophils and NETosis in autoimmune and renal diseases

Gupta, S., & Kaplan, M. J. (2016) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2016.71 · Cited by 443

Statins Enhance Formation of Phagocyte Extracellular Traps

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Gasdermin D Exerts Anti-inflammatory Effects by Promoting Neutrophil Death

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Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: Physiology, Pathology, and Pharmacology

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Unconventional Roles of the NADPH Oxidase: Signaling, Ion Homeostasis, and Cell Death

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Host DNA released by NETosis promotes rhinovirus-induced type-2 allergic asthma exacerbation

Toussaint, M., Jackson, D. J., Swieboda, D. P., Guedán, A., Tsourouktsoglou, T.-D., Ching, Y. M., Radermecker, C., Makrinioti, H., Aniscenko, J., Bartlett, N. W., et al. (2017) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.4332 · Cited by 331

Synovial fibroblast-neutrophil interactions promote pathogenic adaptive immunity in rheumatoid arthritis

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Regulation of Extracellular Chromatin Release from Neutrophils

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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Take the Central Stage in Driving Autoimmune Responses

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Cell-Cycle Proteins Control Production of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

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Necroptosis controls NET generation and mediates complement activation, endothelial damage, and autoimmune vasculitis

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Neutrophil Elastase Enhances Sputum Solubilization in Cystic Fibrosis Patients Receiving DNase Therapy

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Molecular Mechanisms of the Crosstalk Between Mitochondria and NADPH Oxidase Through Reactive Oxygen Species—Studies in White Blood Cells and in Animal Models

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Lysosomal membrane permeabilization in cell death: Concepts and challenges

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PMA and crystal‐induced neutrophil extracellular trap formation involves RIPK1‐RIPK3‐MLKL signaling

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Externalized decondensed neutrophil chromatin occludes pancreatic ducts and drives pancreatitis

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Histones, DNA, and Citrullination Promote Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Inflammation by Regulating the Localization and Activation of TLR4

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Platelet-Neutrophil Interplay: Insights Into Neutrophil Extracellular Trap (NET)-Driven Coagulation in Infection

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Targeting Tumor Vasculature With an Oncolytic Virus

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Neutrophil extracellular traps in breast cancer and beyond: current perspectives on NET stimuli, thrombosis and metastasis, and clinical utility for diagnosis and treatment

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Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Initiate Gallstone Formation

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Neutrophil extracellular traps and their role in the development of chronic inflammation and autoimmunity

Pinegin, B. V., Vorobjeva, N. V., & Pinegin, V. B. (2015) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2015.03.002 · Cited by 184

The Emerging Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Respiratory Disease

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The pathway of neutrophil extracellular traps towards atherosclerosis and thrombosis

Moschonas, I. C., & Tselepis, A. D. (2019) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.919 · Cited by 168

NADPH Oxidase–Independent Formation of Extracellular DNA Traps by Basophils

Morshed, M., Hlushchuk, R., Simon, D., Walls, A. F., Obata-Ninomiya, K., Karasuyama, H., Djonov, V., Eggel, A., Kaufmann, T., Simon, H.-U., et al. (2014) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1303418 · Cited by 161

Neonatal NET-inhibitory factor and related peptides inhibit neutrophil extracellular trap formation

Yost, C. C., Schwertz, H., Cody, M. J., Wallace, J. A., Campbell, R. A., Vieira‐de‐Abreu, A., de Araujo, C. V., Schubert, S., Harris, E. S., Rowley, J. W., et al. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci83873 · Cited by 158

Human blood monocytes are able to form extracellular traps

Granger, V., Faille, D., Marani, V., Noël, B., Gallais, Y., Szely, N., Flament, H., Pallardy, M. J., Chollet‐Martin, S., & de Chaisemartin, L. (2017) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.3ma0916-411r · Cited by 155

Thrombus NET content is associated with clinical outcome in stroke and myocardial infarction

Novotny, J., Oberdieck, P., Titova, A., Pelisek, J., Chandraratne, S., Nicol, P., Hapfelmeier, A., Joner, M., Mäegdefessel, L., Poppert, H., et al. (2020) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000009532 · Cited by 142

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are involved in chemoattractant-induced oxidative burst and degranulation of human neutrophils in vitro

Vorobjeva, N., Prikhodko, A., Galkin, I., Pletjushkina, O., Zinovkin, R., Sud’ina, G., Chernyak, B., & Pinegin, B. (2017) · European Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2017.03.003 · Cited by 138

Mitochondrial permeability transition pore is involved in oxidative burst and NETosis of human neutrophils

Vorobjeva, N., Galkin, I., Pletjushkina, O., Golyshev, S., Zinovkin, R., Prikhodko, A., Pinegin, V., Kondratenko, I., Pinegin, B., & Chernyak, B. (2020) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165664 · Cited by 136

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: Mechanisms of formation and role in health and disease

Vorobjeva, N. V., & Pinegin, B. V. (2014) · Biochemistry (Moscow) · doi:10.1134/s0006297914120025 · Cited by 135

Lymphocytes eject interferogenic mitochondrial DNA webs in response to CpG and non-CpG oligodeoxynucleotides of class C

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Ocular Surface Extracellular DNA and Nuclease Activity Imbalance: A New Paradigm for Inflammation in Dry Eye Disease

Sonawane, S. S., Khanolkar, V., Namavari, A., Chaudhary, S., Gandhi, S., Tibrewal, S., Jassim, S. H., Shaheen, B., Hallak, J., Horner, J. H., et al. (2012) · Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science · doi:10.1167/iovs.12-10430 · Cited by 130

Social amoebae trap and kill bacteria by casting DNA nets

Zhang, X., Zhuchenko, O., Kuspa, A., & Soldati, T. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms10938 · Cited by 122

Activated protein C inhibits neutrophil extracellular trap formation in vitro and activation in vivo

Healy, L. D., Puy, C., Fernández, J. A., Mitrugno, A., Keshari, R. S., Taku, N. A., Chu, T. T., Xu, X., Gruber, A., Lupu, F., et al. (2017) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m116.768309 · Cited by 122

Alkaline pH Promotes NADPH Oxidase-Independent Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation: A Matter of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Citrullination and Cleavage of Histone

de Souza, C. N., Breda, L. C. D., Khan, M. A., de Almeida, S. R., Câmara, N. O. S., Sweezey, N., & Palaniyar, N. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01849 · Cited by 122

Root Border Cells and Their Role in Plant Defense

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Markers of neutrophil extracellular traps predict adverse outcome in community-acquired pneumonia: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial

Ebrahimi, F., Giaglis, S., Hahn, S., Blum, C. A., Baumgartner, C., Kutz, A., van Breda, S. V., Müeller, B., Schüetz, P., Christ‐Crain, M., et al. (2018) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.01389-2017 · Cited by 119

NETopathic Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Severe Asthma

Uddin, M., Watz, H., Malmgren, A., & Pedersen, F. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00047 · Cited by 116

In vivo evidence for extracellular DNA trap formation

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The pseudokinase MLKL activates PAD4-dependent NET formation in necroptotic neutrophils

D’Cruz, A. A., Speir, M., Bliss‐Moreau, M., Dietrich, S., Wang, S., Chen, A. A., Gavillet, M., Al‐Obeidi, A., Lawlor, K. E., Vince, J. E., et al. (2018) · Science Signaling · doi:10.1126/scisignal.aao1716 · Cited by 114

Modulation of neutrophil NETosis: interplay between infectious agents and underlying host physiology

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The role of mitochondrial ROS in antibacterial immunity

Pinegin, B. V., Vorobjeva, N. V., Pashenkov, M. V., & Chernyak, B. V. (2017) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.26117 · Cited by 108

Prostaglandin E2 inhibits neutrophil extracellular trap formation through production of cyclic AMP

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Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps under Low Oxygen Level

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Mechanisms for redox-regulation of protein kinase C

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