The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Post-randomisation exclusions: the intention to treat principle and excluding patients from analysis
Open accessAbstract
When is it legitimate to exclude randomised patients from the analysis of data in clinical trials? Basing their analysis on the desirability of minimising bias and random error, the authors consider the circumstances when it may be possible to exclude patients, even in an intention to treat trial
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“The effect of assignment to intervention should be estimated by an intention-to-treat analysis that includes all randomised participants. 17”
From RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials (2019) · cites this paper as [17]
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“Despite this, this style of analysis is less likely to show a positive treatment effect [94].”
From Consumer-based wearable activity trackers increase physical activity participation: systematic review and meta-analysis (2019) · cites this paper as [94]
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What is meant by intention to treat analysis? Survey of published randomised controlled trials
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Efficacy and Safety of the Oral Neuraminidase Inhibitor Oseltamivir in Treating Acute Influenza
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Intention-to-Treat Analysis: Implications for Quantitative and Qualitative Research
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Houbiers, J. G. A., Brand, A., van de Watering, L. M. G., van de Velde, C. J. H., Hermans, J., Verwey, P. J. M., Bijnen, A. B., Pahlplatz, P. V. M., SCHATTENKERK, M. E., Wobbes, T., et al. (1994) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)91965-8 · Cited by 381
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- 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980215)17:3<303::AID-SIM764>3.0.CO;2-0 · DOI
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Harvey, L. A., Glinsky, J. V., Chu, J., Ben, M., Bell, C., Chen, L. W., Denis, S., Natal, F. D., Gollan, E. J., Jørgensen, V., et al. (2026) · Spinal Cord · doi:10.1038/s41393-026-01232-y
Philips, C. A., Oommen, T. T., & Tharakan, A. K. (2026) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2026-339166
Folke, F., Andelius, L. C., Ersbøll, A. K., Torp-Pedersen, C. T., Gislason, G., Køber, L., Lippert, F. K., Gregers, M. C. T., Shahriari, P., Kjærulf, V. E., et al. (2026) · Resuscitation Plus · doi:10.1016/j.resplu.2026.101420
Bree, J. V., & Poltavski, D. (2026) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2026.07.048
Andersen‐Ranberg, N. C., Poulsen, L. M., Perner, A., Hästbacka, J., Morgan, M., Citerio, G., Estrup, S., Mortensen, C. B., Collet, M. O., Weber, S., et al. (2026) · Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aas.70336
“This post hoc study assessed 90-day outcomes in the intention- to-treat population of the AID-ICU trial ( n = 987), excluding participants before unblinding, that did not receive the intervention [20].”
Tahmasebi, M., Kaveh-Ahangaran, R., Barkhordar, M., Rad‐Malekshahi, M., Vaezi, M., Aliabadi, L. S., Zarabadi, M. S., & Shahrami, B. (2026) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-026-11286-6
Maqsood, M. H., & Vallabhajosyula, S. (2026) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/annals-26-03498-jc
García, A. F., Gempeler, A., Caicedo, Y., Puyana, J. C., Ordoñez, C. A., & Ospina-Tascón, G. A. (2026) · Critical Care Science · doi:10.62675/2965-2774.20260116
Davy, G., Nassiri, F., Dumas, V., Beyssen, P., Herpe, G., & Alleyrat, C. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-124434
Scorsetti, M., Navarria, P., Cozzi, L., Clerici, E., Bellu, L., Franceschini, D., Marzo, A., Franzese, C., Torri, V., Reggiori, G., et al. (2023) · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) · doi:10.5281/zenodo.10040087
Metadata
- Authors
- Fergusson, D., Aaron, S. D., Guyatt, G., & Hébert, P.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Fergusson, Dean
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2002-09-21
- Volume
- 325
- Issue
- 7365
- Pages
- 652-654
- ISSN
- 0007-1447 (ISSN-L)
- 0959-8138
- 1468-5833
- PMC
- PMC1124168
- OpenAlex
- W2000522086
- Cited by
- 708
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 17.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/terms-conditions/legal-information/tdm-licencepolicy (tdm)
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Keywords
- intention-to-treat analysis, randomized controlled trials, random error, statistical analysis of clinical trials
- MeSH terms
- Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Patient Selection
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