Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies (PRISMA-DTA): explanation, elaboration, and checklist
Open accessAbstract
Systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies are fundamental to the decision making process in evidence based medicine. Although such studies are regarded as high level evidence, these reviews are not always reported completely and transparently. Suboptimal reporting of DTA systematic reviews compromises their validity and generalisability, and subsequently their value to key stakeholders. An extension of the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis) statement was recently developed to improve the reporting quality of DTA systematic reviews. The PRISMA-DTA statement has 27 items, of which eight are unmodified from the original PRISMA statement. This article provides an explanation for the 19 new and modified items, along with their meaning and rationale. Examples of complete reporting are used for each item to illustrate best practices.
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The PRISMA-LSR reporting guidance is also applicable to living systematic reviews with objectives other than evaluating effects of health interventions (eg, those evaluating diagnostic test accuracy, prognostic factors, or prediction models).
“However, the reporting guidance is also applicable to LSRs with objectives other than evaluating effects of health interventions (eg, those evaluating diagnostic test accuracy, 23 prognostic factors, or prediction models).”
From Extension of the PRISMA 2020 statement for living systematic reviews (PRISMA-LSR): checklist and explanation (2024) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Salameh, J.-P., Bossuyt, P. M., McGrath, T. A., Thombs, B. D., Hyde, C. J., Macaskill, P., Deeks, J. J., Leeflang, M., Korevaar, D. A., Whiting, P., Takwoingi, Y., Reitsma, J. B., Cohen, J. F., Frank, R. A., Hunt, H. A., Hooft, L., Rutjes, A. W. S., Willis, B. H., Gatsonis, C., Levis, B., Moher, D., & McInnes, M. D. F.
- Affiliations
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (CA)
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers (NL)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Jewish General Hospital (CA)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades (FR)
- University of Bern (CH)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Brown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- McInnes, Matthew D F
- ORCID
- Salameh, Jean-Paul
- Bossuyt, Patrick M
- McGrath, Trevor A
- Thombs, Brett D
- Hyde, Christopher J
- Macaskill, Petra
- Deeks, Jonathan J
- Leeflang, Mariska
- Whiting, Penny
- Takwoingi, Yemisi
- Reitsma, Johannes B
- Cohen, Jérémie F
- Hunt, Harriet A
- Hooft, Lotty
- Rutjes, Anne W S
- Willis, Brian H
- Levis, Brooke
- Moher, David
- McInnes, Matthew D F
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2020-08-14
- Volume
- 370
- Pages
- m2632
- ISSN
- 1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3049565965
- Cited by
- 719
- References
- 107
- Citations by year
- 2026: 113 · 2025: 146 · 2024: 151 · 2023: 135 · 2022: 109 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 15.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/terms-conditions/legal-information/tdm-licencepolicy (tdm)
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (publishedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- eScholarship@McGill (McGill) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern
- Funders
- University of Ottawa
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (PDF-2017-10-059)
- Department of Health and Social Care
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (37575_1)
- Medical Research Council (MR/N007999/1)
- Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Delphi Technique in Research
- Keywords
- diagnostic accuracy, systematic review reporting, reporting guidelines, reporting quality, transparency, reporting checklist, evidence-based medicine
- MeSH terms
- Systematic Reviews as Topic, Diagnostic Tests, Routine, Humans, Periodicals as Topic, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Guidelines as Topic, Evidence-Based Medicine, Editorial Policies, Checklist, Research Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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