Prevalence and comorbidity of psychiatric disorders among treatment-seeking elite athletes and high-performance coaches
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: Few studies have evaluated the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among treatment-seeking elite athletes (EA) or high-performance coaches (HPC) in psychiatric outpatient settings. Methods: Descriptive overview of EA and HPC with psychiatric disorders at two publicly funded psychiatric outpatient treatment clinics in Stockholm and Malmö, Sweden. Co-occurring psychiatric disorders were illustrated using Venn diagrams for EA and HPC, and male and female EA separately, among patients from the Stockholm clinic (SC) that used standardised diagnostic interviews. Results: Overall, most patients were EA (n=221) compared with HPC (n=34). The mean age was 23.5 (±5.9) years for EA and 42.8 (±8.8) for HPC. Anxiety disorders were most common at the SC in EA and HPC (69% vs 91%, respectively). Stress-related disorders were found in 72% of HPC compared with 25% of EA. Affective disorders were found in 51% of EA and 52% of HPC. Eating disorders were common among EA (26%), especially females (37%). Substance use disorders were found in 17% of HPC. Comorbidity was generally common between affective and anxiety disorders. Conclusion: Stress and adjustment disorders were found in nearly three of the four HPC compared with one in four EA. Eating disorders were prevalent in around one in four athletes and about one in six HPC had a substance use disorder.
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One study explored the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a treatment-seeking population.
“and one study (2.4%) [108] explored the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a treatment-seeking population.”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
17% of a treatment-seeking population met the clinical diagnosis for a psychoactive substance-use disorder.
“Åkesdotter and colleagues also found that 17% of a treatment-seeking population met the clinical diagnosis for a psychoactive substance-use disorder (e.g. alcohol or substance-related disorder) [108].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [108]
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Additional file 2 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
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Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678339
Additional file 4 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679632
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678336
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Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678333
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678309
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678324
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678306
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678327
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Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678321
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678318
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678315
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678312
Additional file 6 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679638
Ghazzawi, H. A., Nimer, L. S., Haddad, A. J., Alhaj, O. A., Amawi, A. T., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., Trabelsi, K., Seeman, M. V., & Jahrami, H. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26678303
Additional file 1 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25203625
Additional file 3 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679629
Additional file 5 of The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26679635
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- Authors
- Åkesdotter, C., Kenttä, G., Eloranta, S., Håkansson, A., & Franck, J.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Lund University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Åkesdotter, Cecilia
- Venue
- BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2022-03
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e001264
- ISSN
- 2055-7647 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8966548
- OpenAlex
- W4221047362
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 21.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Diva portal (Dalarna University Library) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Region Stockholm
- Swedish School of Sport and health sciences
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- mental illness, elite athletes, prevalence, comorbidities, anxiety disorders, stress-related disorders, mood disorders, eating disorders, substance use disorders, adjustment disorder, sex differences
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