Risk and protective factors for mental health in elite athletes: a scoping review
Open accessAbstract
The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of studies concerning the mental health (MH) of elite athletes and to provide a methodological, conceptual, and applied overview of factors affecting elite athletes’ MH. A total of nine reviews and 43 empirical studies were evaluated and are reported in three sections: sample characteristics, research design, and factors affecting elite athletes’ MH. These factors were grouped into risk and protective factors and divided into a personal and sport-environmental domain. The studies used quantitative (84%), qualitative (11%), and mixed-method (5%) designs and examined a wide range of sports in different countries. Our review shows that researchers have predominantly examined the prevalence of athletes’ mental ill-health (e.g. depression) and the related factors compromising MH. Potential protective factors such as the feeling of autonomy, positive relations in sport and private life, and adequate recovery were highlighted in the qualitative studies. The discussion appraises the findings through a critical lens, focuses on the current state of the research area and the MH definition, limitations, suggested practical implications (e.g. to provide MH literacy to both athletes and coaches), and future research directions (e.g. examining environments that foster elite athletes’ MH).
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Keyes' dual-continua model has been endorsed in an elite sports context and empirically validated across general population studies.
“given this framework has been endorsed in an elite sports context [34, 63, 64] and empirically validated across a range of studies in the general population [32, 65, 66].”
From The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review (2024) · cites this paper as [64]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267 · see citing works
PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation
Tricco, A. C., Lillie, E., Zarin, W., O'Brien, K. K., Colquhoun, H., Levac, D., Moher, D., Peters, M. D. J., Horsley, T., Weeks, L., et al. (2018) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m18-0850 · Cited by 43,565 · see citing works
The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli1104_01 · Cited by 34,210 · see citing works
A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies
Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009) · Health Information & Libraries Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1471-1842.2009.00848.x · Cited by 10,817 · see citing works
(1988) · NFER-Nelson eBooks · Cited by 5,560 · see citing works
The mental health continuum: from languishing to flourishing in life.
Keyes, C. L. M. (2002) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.2307/3090197 · Cited by 5,133 · cited 9× · see citing works
“Studies that investigated both sides of the MH continuum (i.e. languishing and flourishing; Keyes, 2002) were rare and mostly qualitative (e.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialThe Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS): development and UK validation
Tennant, R., Hiller, L., Fishwick, R., Platt, S., Joseph, S., Weich, S., Parkinson, J., Secker, J., & Stewart-Brown, S. (2007) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/1477-7525-5-63 · Cited by 5,031 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Hence, current views on MH and well-being have shifted the focus from a negative conceptualization of MH as the absence of mental illness to definitions that encompass positive aspects and include the level of functioning of individuals (Tennant et al., 2007; Uphill, Sly, & Swain, 2016).”
BackgroundKeyes, C. L. M. (2007) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.62.2.95 · Cited by 2,268 · cited 2× · see citing works
“In this review, we refer to Keyes’ (2002; 2007) two-continuum model in which MH is characterized as a complete state.”
BackgroundDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
Mullner, R. M. (2009) · Encyclopedia of Health Services Research · doi:10.4135/9781412971942.n109 · Cited by 1,359 · see citing works
Morrison, A., Polisena, J., Husereau, D., Moulton, K., Clark, M., Fiander, M., Mierzwinski-Urban, M., Clifford, T., Hutton, B., & Rabb, D. (2012) · International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care · doi:10.1017/s0266462312000086 · Cited by 1,257 · see citing works
The Mental Health of Elite Athletes: A Narrative Systematic Review
Rice, S. M., Purcell, R., De Silva, S., Mawren, D., McGorry, P. D., & Parker, A. G. (2016) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-016-0492-2 · Cited by 1,205 · cited 12× · see citing works
“These include competitive (e.g., performance expectation), organizational (e.g., travel), and personal (e.g., family issues) stressors, that potentially increase the risk of mental illness in athletes (Rice et al., 2016).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialVarni, J. W., Limbers, C. A., & Burwinkle, T. M. (2007) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/1477-7525-5-1 · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
Defining elite athletes: Issues in the study of expert performance in sport psychology
Swann, C., Moran, A., & Piggott, D. (2015) · Psychology of Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.07.004 · Cited by 998 · see citing works
“The Journal of Sports Sciences”
Robson, H. E. (1983) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.17.4.161-a · Cited by 856 · see citing works
Health and quality of life outcomes
Jolly, M., Sequeira, W., & Block, J. A. (2014) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-014-0173-5 · Cited by 719 · see citing works
Psychological resilience in sport performers: a review of stressors and protective factors
Sarkar, M., & Fletcher, D. (2014) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.901551 · Cited by 637 · see citing works
Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M., & Christensen, H. (2012) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/1471-244x-12-157 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Psychological Balance in High Level Athletes: Gender-Based Differences and Sport-Specific Patterns
Schaal, K., Tafflet, M., Nassif, H., Thibault, V., Pichard, C., Alcotte, M., Guillet, T., Helou, N. E., Berthelot, G., Simon, S., et al. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019007 · Cited by 542 · see citing works
Athletes' career transition out of sport: a systematic review
Park, S., Lavallee, D. E., & Tod, D. (2012) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2012.687053 · Cited by 530 · see citing works
ISSP Position stand: Career development and transitions of athletes
Stambulova, N. B., Alfermann, D., Statler, T. A., & Côté, J. (2009) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2009.9671916 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Holistic approach to athletic talent development environments: A successful sailing milieu
Henriksen, K., Stambulova, N. B., & Roessler, K. K. (2009) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2009.10.005 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
Schinke, R. J., Stambulova, N. B., Si, G., & Moore, Z. E. (2017) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2017.1295557 · Cited by 499 · see citing works
The mental health of Australian elite athletes
Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M., Mackinnon, A. J., Batterham, P. J., & Stanimirovic, R. (2014) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2014.04.006 · Cited by 451 · see citing works
Consensus statement on improving the mental health of high performance athletes
Henriksen, K., Schinke, R., Moesch, K., McCann, S., Parham, W. D., Larsen, C. H., & Terry, P. (2020) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2019.1570473 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Self-citationHartling, L., Featherstone, R. M., Nuspl, M., Shave, K., Dryden, D. M., & Vandermeer, B. (2017) · BMC Medical Research Methodology · doi:10.1186/s12874-017-0347-z · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Psychology of athletes' dual careers: A state-of-the-art critical review of the European discourse
Stambulova, N. B., & Wylleman, P. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.11.013 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Reardon, C. L., & Factor, R. M. (2010) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11536580-000000000-00000 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Arnold, R., & Fletcher, D. (2012) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.34.3.397 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Athlete burnout: review and recommendations
Gustafsson, H., DeFreese, J., & Madigan, D. J. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.05.002 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
FEPSAC position statement: Mental health disorders in elite athletes and models of service provision
Moesch, K., Kenttä, G., Kleinert, J., Quignon-Fleuret, C., Cecil, S., & Bertollo, M. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.05.013 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
The Prevalence of Failure-Based Depression Among Elite Athletes
Hammond, T. G., Gialloreto, C., Kubas, H. A., & Davis, H. (2013) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e318287b870 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Recovery-stress questionnaire for athletes: User manual.
Kellmann, M., & Kallus, K. W. (2001) · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M., Christensen, H., Mackinnon, A., Calear, A. L., Parsons, A., Bennett, K., Batterham, P. J., & Stanimirovic, R. (2012) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.1864 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Depressive symptoms in high-performance athletes and non-athletes: a comparative meta-analysis
Gorczynski, P. F., Coyle, M., & Gibson, K. (2017) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096455 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Breslin, G., Shannon, S., Haughey, T., Donnelly, P., & Leavey, G. (2017) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-017-0568-6 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
A systematic review of social support in youth sport
Sheridan, D., Coffee, P., & Lavallee, D. E. (2014) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2014.931999 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Mental and psychosocial health among current and former professional footballers
Gouttebarge, V., Frings‐Dresen, M. H. W., & Sluiter, J. K. (2015) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqu202 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Lundqvist, C. (2011) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2011.584067 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Nixdorf, I., Frank, R., & Beckmann, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00893 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Moreland, J. J., Coxe, K. A., & Yang, J. (2018) · Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2017.04.009 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Measuring Postinjury Depression among Male and Female Competitive Athletes
Newcomer, R., Rockhill, B., Perna, F. M., & Roh, J. L. C. (2009) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.31.1.60 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Correlating Variables Among German Elite Athletes
Nixdorf, I., Frank, R., Hautzinger, M., & Beckmann, J. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.7.4.313 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Prevalence of depression and anxiety in top-level male and female football players
Junge, A., & Feddermann‐Demont, N. (2016) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2015-000087 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Gucciardi, D. F., Hanton, S., & Fleming, S. (2016) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2016.08.006 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Successful talent development in soccer: The characteristics of the environment.
Larsen, C. H., Alfermann, D., Henriksen, K., & Christensen, M. K. (2013) · Sport Exercise and Performance Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031958 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationDrew, M. K., Vlahovich, N., Hughes, D. C., Appaneal, R., Burke, L. M., Lundy, B., Rogers, M. A., Toomey, M., Watts, D., Lovell, G. A., et al. (2017) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-098208 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Turnnidge, J., & Côté, J. (2016) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2016.1189948 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Men, Mental Health and Elite Sport: a Narrative Review
Souter, G., Lewis, R., & Serrant, L. (2018) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-018-0175-7 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Ivarsson, A., Stenling, A., Fallby, J., Johnson, U., Borg, E., & Johansson, G. (2014) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.09.006 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
The mental health of elite athletes in the United Kingdom
Foskett, R. L., & Longstaff, F. (2017) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.11.016 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Sebbens, J., Hassmén, P., Crisp, D. A., & Wensley, K. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00911 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Gouttebarge, V., Jonkers, R., Moen, M. H., Verhagen, E. A. L. M., Wylleman, P., & Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J. (2016) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2016.1258485 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Sport specificity of mental disorders: the issue of sport psychiatry
Bär, K., & Markser, V. Z. (2013) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-013-0458-4 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Understanding athlete burnout: coach perspectives.
Raedeke, T. D., Lunney, K. M., & Venables, K. (2002) · Journal of sport behavior · Cited by 103 · see citing works
The Experience of Depression during the Careers of Elite Male Athletes
Doherty, S., Hannigan, B., & Campbell, M. J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01069 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Küttel, A., Boyle, E., & Schmid, J. (2016) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.11.008 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Managing Psychiatric Issues in Elite Athletes
Glick, I. D., Stillman, M. A., Reardon, C. L., & Ritvo, E. C. (2012) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.11r07381 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Depression, Anxiety, and Alcohol Use in Elite Rugby League Players Over a Competitive Season
Preez, E. J. D., Graham, K. S., Gan, T. Y., Moses, B., Ball, C., & Kuah, D. (2017) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000411 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Beable, S., Fulcher, M. L., Lee, A. C.-L., & Hamilton, B. H. (2017) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2017.04.018 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Newman, H. J. H., Howells, K., & Fletcher, D. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00868 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Symptoms and risk factors of depression during and after the football career of elite female players
Prinz, B., Dvořák, J., & Junge, A. (2016) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2016-000124 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Gouttebarge, V., Hopley, P., Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J., Verhagen, E. A. L. M., Viljoen, W., Wylleman, P., & Lambert, M. (2018) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2018.1466914 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Validation Study of a Distress Screener
Braam, C. A., van Oostrom, S. H., Terluin, B., Vasse, R. M., de Vet, H. C. W., & Anema, J. R. (2009) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-009-9178-z · Cited by 79 · see citing works
From Mental Health to Mental Wealth in Athletes: Looking Back and Moving Forward
Uphill, M. A., Sly, D., & Swain, J. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00935 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Psychological Distress in Elite Adolescent Soccer Players Following Deselection
Blakelock, D. J., Chen, M. A., & Prescott, T. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2015-0010 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Coyle, M., Gorczynski, P. F., & Gibson, K. (2016) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.11.005 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Jensen, S. N., Ivarsson, A., Fallby, J., Dankers, S., & Elbe, A. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.02.008 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Well-Being in Elite Sport: Dimensions of Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being Among Elite Orienteers
Lundqvist, C., & Sandin, F. (2014) · The Sport Psychologist · doi:10.1123/tsp.2013-0024 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
An Investigation of Athletes’ and Coaches’ Perceptions of Mental Ill-Health in Elite Athletes
Biggin, I. J. R., Burns, J., & Uphill, M. A. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2016-0017 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Schuring, N., Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J., Gray, J. C., & Gouttebarge, V. (2017) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.2017.1386069 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Gouttebarge, V., Tol, J. L., & Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J. (2016) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.2016.1185385 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
The British Journal of Sports Medicine
(2025) · The British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.52338/tbjsm · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Sorkkila, M., Ryba, T. V., Aunola, K., Selänne, H., & Salmela‐Aro, K. (2017) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2017.10.006 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Biggins, M., Cahalan, R., Comyns, T. M., Purtill, H., & O’Sullivan, K. (2017) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.2018.1416258 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Verner‐Filion, J., & Vallerand, R. J. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.07.005 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Kiliç, Ö., Aoki, H., Haagensen, R., Jensen, C., Johnson, U., Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J., & Gouttebarge, V. (2017) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2017.1381768 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Lundqvist, C., & Raglin, J. S. (2014) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-014-9444-z · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Development of the Sport Mental Health Continuum—Short Form (Sport MHC-SF)
Foster, B., & Chow, G. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2017-0057 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Osteoarthritis is associated with symptoms of common mental disorders among former elite athletes
Schuring, N., Aoki, H., Gray, J. C., Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J., Lambert, M., & Gouttebarge, V. (2016) · Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy · doi:10.1007/s00167-016-4255-2 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Breslin, G., Haughey, T., O’Brien, W., Caulfield, L., Robertson, A., & Lawlor, M. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2016-0039 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Learning From Elite Athletes’ Experience of Depression
Lebrun, F., MacNamara, Á., Rodgers, S., & Collins, D. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02062 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Pummell, E. K. L., & Lavallee, D. E. (2018) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.07.007 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Personality in sport and exercise psychology: Integrating a whole person perspective
Coulter, T., Mallett, C. J., Singer, J., & Gucciardi, D. (2016) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2015.1016085 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica
(2020) · Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica · doi:10.3944/aott · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Elite Sport is Not an Additional Source of Distress for Adolescents with High Stress Levels
Gerber, M., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., Pühse, U., & Brand, S. (2011) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/02.05.10.pms.112.2.581-599 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Role of Romantic Relationships on Athletes’ Performance and Well-Being
Jowett, S., & Cramer, D. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.3.1.58 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
A prospective cohort study on symptoms of common mental disorders among Dutch elite athletes
Gouttebarge, V., Jonkers, R., Moen, M. H., Verhagen, E. A. L. M., Wylleman, P., & Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J. (2017) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.2017.1370987 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Psychopathology in elite rhythmic gymnasts and anorexia nervosa patients
Klinkowski, N., Korte, A., Pfeiffer, E. F., Lehmkuhl, U., & Salbach‐Andrae, H. (2007) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-007-0643-y · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Gouttebarge, V., Hopley, P., Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J., Verhagen, E. A. L. M., Viljoen, W., Wylleman, P., & Lambert, M. (2017) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0043-114010 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Analyzing the Relationship Between Burnout and Depression in Junior Elite Athletes
Frank, R., Nixdorf, I., & Beckmann, J. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2017-0008 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Gouttebarge, V., Aoki, H., Verhagen, E. A. L. M., & Kerkhoffs, G. M. M. J. (2016) · Asian Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5812/asjsm.28447 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Assessing and Treating Depression in Athletes
Baron, D. A., Baron, S. H., Tompkins, J., & Polat, A. (2013) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118404904.ch7 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Jones, T.-V. (2016) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2015.1124384 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Transitional challenges and elite athletes’ mental health
Wylleman, P., Rosier, N., & Knop, P. D. (2014) · VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) · doi:10.4324/9781315885919-16 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Comparing PETTLEP imagery against observation imagery on vividness and ease of movement imagery
Anuar, N. A., Williams, S. E., & Cumming, J. (2016) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2016.1177104 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Belz, J., Heidari, J., Levenig, C. G., Hasenbring, M. I., Kellmann, M., & Kleinert, J. (2018) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2018.1468482 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Elbe, A., & Jensen, S. N. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01782 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Transitions in competitive sports
Jahromi, M. K. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203807187-12 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Çelebi, M. M., Saka, T., Başkak, B., Özgüven, H. D., Ülkar, B., & Atalar, E. (2015) · Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica · doi:10.3944/aott.2015.14.0380 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Defense mechanisms in psychological health and sport success of athletes
Mousavi, A., Mousavi, M. V., & Yaghubi, H. (2017) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 101 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
An Evidence-Informed Framework to Promote Mental Wellbeing in Elite Sport
Purcell, R., Pilkington, V., Carberry, S., Reid, D., Gwyther, K., Hall, K., Deacon, A., Manon, R., Walton, C. C., & Rice, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.780359 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Athlete mental health in the Olympic/Paralympic Quadrennium: a multi-societal consensus statement
Henriksen, K., Schinke, R., McCann, S., Durand-Bush, N., Moesch, K., Parham, W. D., Larsen, C. H., Cogan, K., Donaldson, A., Poczwardowski, A., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2020.1746379 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Self-citationThe mental health of student-athletes: a systematic scoping review
Kegelaers, J. J., Wylleman, P., Defruyt, S., Praet, L., Stambulova, N. B., Torregrossa, M., Kenttä, G., & Brandt, K. D. (2022) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2022.2095657 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Kuettel, A., Pedersen, A. K., & Larsen, C. H. (2021) · Psychology of Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101837 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationLundqvist, C., & Andersson, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.700829 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Examining the Predictors of Mental Ill Health in Esport Competitors
Smith, M. J., Sharpe, B. T., Arumuham, A., & Birch, P. D. J. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10040626 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Pilkington, V., Rice, S. M., Walton, C. C., Gwyther, K., Olive, L., Butterworth, M., Clements, M., Cross, G., & Purcell, R. (2022) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-022-00479-y · Cited by 77 · see citing works
“A number of sport-specific risk factors for elite athlete mental ill health have been identified to date, including performance pressures, serious (including chronic) injury, maladaptive perfectionism, maladaptive coping strategies and inadequate social support [1, 3, 4].”
BackgroundPsychological Safety for Mental Health in Elite Sport: A Theoretically Informed Model
Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Pilkington, V., Hall, K., Kenttä, G., Vella, S. A., & Rice, S. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01912-2 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Kegelaers, J., Wylleman, P., van Bree, I. (. N. A., Wessels, F., & Oudejans, R. R. D. (2021) · International Sport Coaching Journal · doi:10.1123/iscj.2020-0066 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Nuetzel, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2023.1265783 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Mental Health Among Elite Youth Athletes: A Narrative Overview to Advance Research and Practice
Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Henderson, J. L., Kim, J., Kerr, G., Frost, J., Gwyther, K., Pilkington, V., Rice, S., & Tamminen, K. A. (2024) · Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/19417381231219230 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Newman, T. J., Black, S., Santos, F., Jefka, B., & Brennan, N. J. (2021) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2021.1910977 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Åkesdotter, C., Kenttä, G., Eloranta, S., Håkansson, A., & Franck, J. (2022) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001264 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
The Mental Health of Elite-Level Coaches: A Systematic Scoping Review
Frost, J., Walton, C. C., Purcell, R., Fisher, K., Gwyther, K., Kocherginsky, M., & Rice, S. M. (2024) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-023-00655-8 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“…the present review employed Keyes’ [28, 29] dual-continua model of mental health to guide the classification of results, given this framework has been endorsed in an elite sports context [34, 63, 64] and empirically validated across a range of studies in the general population [32, 65, 66].”
MethodAthlete Mental Health & Psychological Impact of Sport Injury
Haugen, E. N. J. (2022) · Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.otsm.2022.150898 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
International society of sport psychology position stand: elite athlete mental health revisited
Schinke, R. J., Henriksen, K., Moore, Z. E., Stambulova, N. B., Bartley, J. D., Cosh, S., Wagstaff, C. R. D., Quartiroli, A., Wylleman, P., Maher, C. A., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2024.2359872 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Mental health in dance: A scoping review
Dwarika, M. S., & Haraldsen, H. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1090645 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Håkansson, A., Moesch, K., Jönsson, C., & Kenttä, G. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18010002 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Mental health and elite female athletes: A scoping review
Perry, C., Champ, F. M., Macbeth, J. L., & Spandler, H. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101961 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Promoting mental health in esports
Kegelaers, J. J., Trotter, M. G., Watson, M., Pedraza-Ramirez, I., Bonilla, I., Wylleman, P., Maîresse, O., & Heel, M. V. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1342220 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Wang, W., Schweickle, M. J., Arnold, E. R., & Vella, S. A. (2025) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-024-02173-3 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Mood Profiling for Sustainable Mental Health among Athletes
Terry, P. C., & Parsons-Smith, R. L. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13116116 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
The Biopsychosocial Factors That Impact eSports Players’ Well-Being: A Systematic Review
Shulze, J., Marquez, M., & Ruvalcaba, O. (2021) · Journal of Global Sport Management · doi:10.1080/24704067.2021.1991828 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Prior, E., Papathomas, A., & Rhind, D. J. A. (2022) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2022.2095659 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Olympic and Paralympic athletes’ perceptions of the Canadian sport environment and mental health
Poucher, Z. A., Tamminen, K. A., & Kerr, G. A. (2023) · Qualitative Research in Sport Exercise and Health · doi:10.1080/2159676x.2023.2187443 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
The Prevalence of Mental Ill Health in Elite Counter-Strike Athletes
Birch, P. D. J., Smith, M. J., Arumuham, A., de Gortari, A. B. O., & Sharpe, B. T. (2024) · Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports · doi:10.1123/jege.2024-0006 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Oblinger-Peters, V., & Krenn, B. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.610856 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Henriksen, K., Huang, Z., Bartley, J. D., Kenttä, G., Purcell, R., Wagstaff, C. R. D., Si, G., Ge, Y., & Schinke, R. J. (2024) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2024.2437923 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mental Health in Athletes: Where Are the Treatment Studies?
Ekelund, R., Holmström, S., & Stenling, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.781177 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Pilkington, V., Rice, S., OLIVE, L. S., Walton, C. C., & Purcell, R. (2024) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-024-00690-z · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Mental health and psychological well-being among professional rugby league players from the UK
Nicholls, A. R., Madigan, D. J., Fairs, L. R. W., & Bailey, R. P. (2020) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000711 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Elite female footballers in England: an exploration of mental ill-health and help-seeking intentions
Perry, C., Chauntry, A. J., & Champ, F. M. (2022) · Science and Medicine in Football · doi:10.1080/24733938.2022.2084149 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Küttel, A., Durand‐Bush, N., & Larsen, C. H. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2021-0035 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationNien, J., Gill, D. L., Chou, T.-Y., Liu, C.-S., Geng, X., Hung, T., & Chang, Y. (2023) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102422 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Maltreatment experiences and mental health indicators among elite athletes
Willson, E., Buono, S., Kerr, G. A., & Stirling, A. E. (2023) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102493 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mental health protective factors among flourishing Canadian women university student-athletes
Pankow, K., McHugh, T.-L., Mosewich, A. D., & Holt, N. L. (2020) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2020.101847 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Li, C., Fan, R., Sun, J. M., & Li, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.607800 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Lima, Y., Denerel, N., ÖZ, N. D., & Şenışık, S. (2021) · Science and Medicine in Football · doi:10.1080/24733938.2021.1933156 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Jordana, A., Ramis, Y., Chamorro, J. M. L., Pons, J., Borrueco, M., Brandt, K. D., & Torregrossa, M. (2022) · Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10942-022-00491-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Gaining perspectives: A scoping review of research assessing depressive symptoms in athletes
Tahtinen, R. E., Shelley, J., & Morris, R. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101905 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Luo, J., Du, R., Wang, X., & Luo, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1642886 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Bennie, A., Walton, C. C., O’Connor, D., Fitzsimons, L., & Hammond, T. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685322 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Risk and protective factors for mental ill-health in elite para- and non-para athletes
Olive, L. S., Rice, S. M., Gao, C., Pilkington, V., Walton, C. C., Butterworth, M., Abbott, L., Cross, G., Clements, M., & Purcell, R. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.939087 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Bertollo, M., Forzini, F., Biondi, S., Liborio, M. D., Vaccaro, M. G., Georgiadis, E. M., & Conti, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.607152 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Interventions for improving mental health in athletes: a scoping review
Ekelund, R., Holmström, S., Gustafsson, H., Ivarsson, A., Lundqvist, C., & Stenling, A. (2023) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2023.2258383 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mansell, P. C., Sparks, K. V., Wright, J. L., Roe, L., Carrington, S., Lock, J., & Slater, M. (2023) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2023.2296900 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Hakim, H., Khemiri, A., Chortane, O. G., Boukari, S., Chortane, S. G., Bianco, A., Marsigliante, S., Patti, A., & Muscella, A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191710973 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Miller, T. W., Coates, J. K., Plateau, C. R., & Barker, J. B. (2023) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2023.2197962 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Yıldırım, M., Kaynar, Ö., Chirico, F., & Magnavita, N. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20105895 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Lundqvist, C., Schary, D. P., Jacobsson, J., Korhonen, L., & Timpka, T. (2024) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2024.05.001 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Retirement from elite sport and self-esteem: a longitudinal study over 12 years
Schmid, J., Conzelmann, A., Engel, R., Küttel, A., & Schmid, M. J. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1176573 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Madsen, E. E., Krustrup, P., Larsen, C. H., Elbe, A., Wikman, J. M., Ivarsson, A., & Lautenbach, F. (2021) · Science and Medicine in Football · doi:10.1080/24733938.2021.1959047 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citationŞenel, E., Küttel, A., Adiloğulları, İ., & Jowett, S. (2025) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102850 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Ayala, E. E., Nelson, L. J., Bartholomew, M., & Plummer, D. (2022) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102176 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kvillemo, P., Nilsson, A., Strandberg, A. K., Björk, K., Elgán, T. H., & Gripenberg, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.1044601 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Shander, K., & Petrie, T. A. (2021) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.102045 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Lima, Y., Denerel, N., Devran, S., Rice, S., & Bayraktar, B. (2022) · Research in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1080/15438627.2022.2102917 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Ronkainen, H., Lundgren, T., Kenttä, G., Ihalainen, J. K., Valtonen, M., & Lappalainen, R. I. (2024) · Psychology and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.11648/j.pbs.20241302.14 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Diverse paradigms and stories: mapping ‘mental illness’ in athletes through meta-study
Vargas, M. L. F. P., Papathomas, A., Williams, T. L., Kinnafick, F., & Rhodes, P. (2021) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2021.2001840 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Davies, R. M., Knoll, M. A., & Kyranides, M. N. (2023) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102560 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
The Team Denmark applied model of athlete mental health
Henriksen, K., Diment, G. M., & Küttel, A. (2023) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2023.2281525 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Oevreboe, T. H., Ivarsson, A., Sundgot-Borgen, J. K., Knudsen, A. K., Reneflot, A., & Pensgaard, A. M. (2023) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001538 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Mental Health of Elite Sport Coaches and Entourage
Purcell, R., Frost, J., & Pilkington, V. (2024) · Clinics in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.csm.2023.06.005 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
The coach as an architect of Danish high- performance sport environments
Henriksen, K., Dideriksen, S., Küttel, A., Schlawe, A., & Storm, L. K. (2025) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102877 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Mental health considerations for athlete removal from play and return to play planning
Edwards, C. D. (2023) · Sports Psychiatry · doi:10.1024/2674-0052/a000058 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Shanmugaratnam, A., McLaren, C. D., Schertzinger, M., & Bruner, M. W. (2024) · International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching · doi:10.1177/17479541241278602 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Schary, D. P., & Lundqvist, C. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2021-0041 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Understanding and recognizing high-performance swimmers’ well-being.
Uzzell, K. S., Knight, C. J., & Hill, D. M. (2021) · Sport Exercise and Performance Psychology · doi:10.1037/spy0000284 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Makaracı, Y., Makaracı, M., Zorba, E., & Lautenbach, F. (2023) · Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback · doi:10.1007/s10484-023-09589-z · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Understanding the role of coaches in supporting the mental health of elite athletes
Sankey, C., Wallace, L., & Caperchione, C. M. (2023) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2023.06.012 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Mental Health in Elite Coaches
Baumann, L., Schneeberger, A. R., Currie, A., Iff, S., Seifritz, E., & Claussen, M. C. (2024) · Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach · doi:10.1177/19417381231223472 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Aalto, E. P., Pons, J., Alcaraz, S., Zamora‐Solé, R., & Ramis, Y. (2024) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1002/ejsc.12218 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Emotion dysregulation, performance concerns, and mental health among Canadian athletes
Tamminen, K. A., Bonk, D., Milne, M. J., & Watson, J. C. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-86195-5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Competing against COVID-19: what about the mental health problems of athletes with disabilities?
Denerel, N., & Lima, Y. (2021) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.2021.2022967 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Yavuz, L. I. M. A., Denerel, N., DEVRAN, S., Günver, M. G., BAYRAKTAR, B., & Simon, R. I. C. E. (2022) · The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness · doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.22.13493-6 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Mashud, M., Muhammad, R., Mu’arifin, M., Purwanto, D., Tantri, A., & Wulandari, A. (2022) · Jendela Olahraga · doi:10.26877/jo.v7i2.11973 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
O’Connor, E. J., Crozier, A. J., Murphy, A., & Immink, M. A. (2022) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.1177/00315125221087523 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Andersson, M. J., Rahim, Y. A., Kenttä, G., Håkansson, A., & Claesdotter‐Knutsson, E. (2025) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102859 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Rocco, F. D., Romagnoli, C., Ciaccioni, S., Capranica, L., Padua, E., & Guidotti, F. (2025) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports13120438 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mental health in athletes: Does authentic leadership matter?
Kavussanu, M., Zhang, S., Tang, Q., Cumming, J., & Mackman, T. (2024) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102617 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ivarsson, A., McCall, A., Mutch, S., Giuliani, A., Bassetto, R., & Fanchini, M. (2021) · Science and Medicine in Football · doi:10.1080/24733938.2021.1962540 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Fröhlich, S., Imboden, C., Iff, S., Spörri, J., Quednow, B. B., Scherr, J., Seifritz, E., & Claussen, M. C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182010780 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Schubring, A., Halltén, M., Barker‐Ruchti, N., & Post, A. (2023) · International Review for the Sociology of Sport · doi:10.1177/10126902231168098 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Depressive Disorders in Athletes
Beable, S. (2023) · Clinics in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.csm.2023.06.011 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
McGinty-Minister, K., Champ, F. M., Eubank, M. R., Littlewood, M. A., & Whitehead, A. E. (2023) · Managing Sport and Leisure · doi:10.1080/23750472.2023.2239259 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Navigating athlete mental health: Perspectives from performance directors within elite sport
Prior, E., Papathomas, A., & Rhind, D. J. A. (2024) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102661 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Depressive symptoms among male professional soccer players in Japan
Ito, T., Fetters, M. D., Kipps, C., & Kumar, B. (2023) · Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.ajsep.2023.02.002 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Dithurbide, L., Boudreault, V., Durand‐Bush, N., MacLeod, L., & Gauthier, V. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.937962 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Mental ill-health in semi-elite women’s soccer in England: a mixed-methods approach
Bramley, O., Healy, L. C., & Sarkar, M. (2024) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2024.2311752 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Küttel, A., Storm, L. K., Stambulova, N. B., & Henriksen, K. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1451617 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Student-Athletes’ Mental Health in the European Sport School Context: A Scoping Review
Saarinen, M., McDougall, M., Gjesdal, S., & Bjørndal, C. T. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2024-0029 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Mental health and well‐being in esports: A scoping review
Poulus, D., Nicholson, M., Obine, E. A. C., Drew, M., FISHER, K., Vella, S. A., Seidler, Z. E., & Sharpe, B. T. (2026) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.70055 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Mental health symptoms and correlates among amateur football players: a cross-sectional study
Lima, Y., & Rice, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603123.2022.2112659 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Wellbeing in high-performance swimming: A grounded theory study
Uzzell, K. S., Knight, C. J., Pankow, K., & Hill, D. M. (2023) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102557 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Burger, J. W., Andersen, L. S., & Joska, J. A. (2022) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.2022.2134977 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Psychology research in women’s soccer: a scoping review
Gredin, N. V., Kryger, K. O., McCall, A., Solstad, B. E., Torstveit, M. K., Massey, A., & Ivarsson, A. (2023) · Science and Medicine in Football · doi:10.1080/24733938.2023.2285962 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Ackeret, N., Röthlin, P., & Horvath, S. (2024) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102645 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Lishman, T., Shannon, S., McDevitt‐Petrovic, O., Breslin, G., & Brick, N. (2024) · International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1612197x.2024.2389218 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Bürger, L., Reis, D., Spielmann, J., Mayer, J., & Steindorf, L. (2025) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102868 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Ronkainen, H., Lundgren, T., Kenttä, G., Ihalainen, J. K., Kalaja, S., Valtonen, M., & Lappalainen, R. I. (2025) · Journal of Applied Sport Psychology · doi:10.1080/10413200.2025.2521267 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kuettel, A., & Larsen, C. H.
- Affiliations
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Venue
- International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2019-12-10
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 231-265
- ISSN
- 1750-984X (ISSN-L)
- 1750-9858
- OpenAlex
- W2994855500
- Cited by
- 311
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 62 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 36.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Assessments
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Keywords
- mental health, elite athletes, risk factors, protective factors, depression, autonomy, recovery, mental illness, mental health literacy, coaches
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
