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Decreased gut microbiota diversity, delayed Bacteroidetes colonisation and reduced Th1 responses in infants delivered by Caesarean section
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The early intestinal microbiota exerts important stimuli for immune development, and a reduced microbial exposure as well as caesarean section (CS) has been associated with the development of allergic disease. Here we address how microbiota development in infants is affected by mode of delivery, and relate differences in colonisation patterns to the maturation of a balanced Th1/Th2 immune response. DESIGN: The postnatal intestinal colonisation pattern was investigated in 24 infants, born vaginally (15) or by CS (nine). The intestinal microbiota were characterised using pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes at 1 week and 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after birth. Venous blood levels of Th1- and Th2-associated chemokines were measured at 6, 12 and 24 months. RESULTS: Infants born through CS had lower total microbiota diversity during the first 2 years of life. CS delivered infants also had a lower abundance and diversity of the Bacteroidetes phylum and were less often colonised with the Bacteroidetes phylum. Infants born through CS had significantly lower levels of the Th1-associated chemokines CXCL10 and CXCL11 in blood. CONCLUSIONS: CS was associated with a lower total microbial diversity, delayed colonisation of the Bacteroidetes phylum and reduced Th1 responses during the first 2 years of life.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Jakobsson, H. E., Abrahamsson, T. R., Jenmalm, M. C., Harris, K., Quince, C., Jernberg, C., Björkstén, B., Engstrand, L., & Andersson, A. F.
- Affiliations
- Swedish Institute (SE)
- Linköping University (SE)
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- Örebro University (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Science for Life Laboratory (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Andersson, Anders F
- ORCID
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2013-08-07
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 559-566
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- OpenAlex
- W2167562610
- Cited by
- 1,011
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 39 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 121 · 2020: 114 · 2019: 87 · 2018: 100 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 42 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 29.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- urn.kb.se
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- UEA Digital Repository (University of East Anglia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/H003851/1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Keywords
- cesarean section, mode of delivery, infant gut microbiota, microbial diversity, Th1/Th2 immune response, chemokines, CXCL10, CXCL11, allergy risk, immune system development, early life
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Cesarean Section, DNA, Bacterial, Feces, Female, Humans, Immunity, Cellular, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intestines, Male, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Th1 Cells, Bacteroidetes, Chemokine CXCL10, Chemokine CXCL11, Microbiota
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