Cited by 315Biochemical Analysis and Sensing TechniquesGastrointestinal motility and disordersRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

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Taste receptors of the gut: emerging roles in health and disease

Depoortere, Inge·2014·Gut

DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305112

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Abstract

Recent progress in unravelling the nutrient-sensing mechanisms in the taste buds of the tongue has triggered studies on the existence and role of chemosensory cells in the gut. Indeed, the gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between food and the human body and can sense basic tastes in much the same way as the tongue, through the use of similar G-protein-coupled taste receptors. These receptors 'taste' the luminal content and transmit signals that regulate nutrient transporter expression and nutrient uptake, and also the release of gut hormones and neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis. Hence, they play a prominent role in the communication between the lumen, epithelium, smooth muscle cells, afferent nerve fibres and the brain to trigger adaptive responses that affect gastrointestinal function, food intake and glucose metabolism. This review summarises how sensing of nutrients by taste receptors along the gut plays a key role in the process of digestion, and how disturbances or adaptations of these chemosensory signalling pathways may contribute to the induction or resolution of a number of pathological conditions related to diabetes, obesity, or diet-induced symptom generation in irritable bowel syndrome. Targeting these receptors may represent a promising novel route for the treatment of a number of these diseases.

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Authors: Depoortere, I.
Affiliations: KU Leuven (BE)
Corresponding author: Depoortere, Inge
ORCID: Depoortere, Inge
Venue: Gut
Publisher: BMJ
Published: 2013-10-16
Volume: 63
Issue: 1
Pages: 179-190
ISSN: 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
1468-3288
DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-305112
OpenAlex: W2167380176
Cited by: 315
References: 142
Citations by year: 2026: 22 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 2.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Gut (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords: G protein-coupled receptors, chemosensory cells, nutrient sensing, nutrient uptake, gastrointestinal hormones, neurotransmitters, energy homeostasis, glucose homeostasis, gastrointestinal function, dietary intake, digestion, diabetes mellitus, obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, receptor-targeted therapy
MeSH terms: Chemoreceptor Cells, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gastric Mucosa, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Obesity, Taste Buds, Gastric Bypass, Biomarkers, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled

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