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Taste receptors of the gut: emerging roles in health and disease
Abstract
Recent progress in unravelling the nutrient-sensing mechanisms in the taste buds of the tongue has triggered studies on the existence and role of chemosensory cells in the gut. Indeed, the gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between food and the human body and can sense basic tastes in much the same way as the tongue, through the use of similar G-protein-coupled taste receptors. These receptors 'taste' the luminal content and transmit signals that regulate nutrient transporter expression and nutrient uptake, and also the release of gut hormones and neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis. Hence, they play a prominent role in the communication between the lumen, epithelium, smooth muscle cells, afferent nerve fibres and the brain to trigger adaptive responses that affect gastrointestinal function, food intake and glucose metabolism. This review summarises how sensing of nutrients by taste receptors along the gut plays a key role in the process of digestion, and how disturbances or adaptations of these chemosensory signalling pathways may contribute to the induction or resolution of a number of pathological conditions related to diabetes, obesity, or diet-induced symptom generation in irritable bowel syndrome. Targeting these receptors may represent a promising novel route for the treatment of a number of these diseases.
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“The gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between food and the human body and can sense basic tastes in much the same way as the tongue, through the use of similar G-protein-coupled taste receptors (60).”
From Vagus Nerve as Modulator of the Brain–Gut Axis in Psychiatric and Inflammatory Disorders (2018) · cites this paper as [60]
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“The gastrointestinal tract is the key interface between food and the human body and can sense basic tastes in much the same way as the tongue, through the use of similar G-protein-coupled taste receptors (60).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Depoortere, I.
- Affiliations
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Depoortere, Inge
- ORCID
- Depoortere, Inge
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2013-10-16
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 179-190
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- OpenAlex
- W2167380176
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 142
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- G protein-coupled receptors, chemosensory cells, nutrient sensing, nutrient uptake, gastrointestinal hormones, neurotransmitters, energy homeostasis, glucose homeostasis, gastrointestinal function, dietary intake, digestion, diabetes mellitus, obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, receptor-targeted therapy
- MeSH terms
- Chemoreceptor Cells, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gastric Mucosa, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Obesity, Taste Buds, Gastric Bypass, Biomarkers, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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