The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dietary emulsifiers directly alter human microbiota composition and gene expression ex vivo potentiating intestinal inflammation
Open accessAbstract
Objective: The intestinal microbiota plays a central role in the development of many chronic inflammatory diseases including IBD and metabolic syndrome. Administration of substances that alter microbiota composition, including the synthetic dietary emulsifiers polysorbate 80 (P80) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), can promote such inflammatory disorders. However, that inflammation itself impacts microbiota composition has obfuscated defining the extent to which these compounds or other substances act directly upon the microbiota versus acting on host parameters that promote inflammation, which subsequently reshapes the microbiota. Design: We examined the direct impact of CMC and P80 on the microbiota using the mucosal simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (M-SHIME) model that maintains a complex stable human microbiota in the absence of a live host. Results: This approach revealed that both P80 and CMC acted directly upon human microbiota to increase its proinflammatory potential, as revealed by increased levels of bioactive flagellin. The CMC-induced increase in flagellin was rapid (1 day) and driven by altered microbiota gene expression. In contrast, the P80-induced flagellin increase occurred more slowly and was closely associated with altered species composition. Transfer of both emulsifier-treated M-SHIME microbiotas to germ-free recipient mice recapitulated many of the host and microbial alterations observed in mice directly treated with emulsifiers. Conclusions: These results demonstrate a novel paradigm of deconstructing host–microbiota interactions and indicate that the microbiota can be directly impacted by these commonly used food additives, in a manner that subsequently drives intestinal inflammation.
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“These dietary factors can alter the gut microbiota composition and function123,127–130 and are linked to increased intestinal permeability129–131 and epigenetic changes in the immune system129 that ultimately cause low-grade endotoxemia and SCI129–131.”
From Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span (2019) · cites this paper as [127]
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“Importantly, it has been shown that emulsifier consumption by germ-free (GF) animals (107) and animals with a highly restricted microbiota (180) did not elicit the same detrimental health effects, suggesting that microbial modulation may be required for the adverse effects of emulsifiers on host health.”
From Diet and the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health (2021) · cites this paper as [180]
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Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span
Furman, D., Campisi, J., Verdin, E., Carrera-Bastos, P., Targ, S., Franceschi, C., Ferrucci, L., Gilroy, D. W., Fasano, A., Miller, G. W., et al. (2019) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-019-0675-0 · Cited by 4,915
You are what you eat: Diet, health and the gut microbiota
Zmora, N., Suez, J., & Elinav, E. (2019) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/s41575-018-0061-2 · Cited by 1,792
Mucus barrier, mucins and gut microbiota: the expected slimy partners?
Paone, P., & Cani, P. D. (2020) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322260 · Cited by 1,665
Environmental triggers in IBD: a review of progress and evidence
Ananthakrishnan, A. N., Bernstein, C. N., Iliopoulos, D., Macpherson, A., Neurath, M. F., Ali, R. A. R., Vavricka, S. R., & Fiocchi, C. (2018) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.136 · Cited by 948
The gut microbiome and metabolic syndrome
Dabke, K., Hendrick, G., & Devkota, S. (2019) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci129194 · Cited by 684
Metadata
- Authors
- Chassaing, B., Van de Wiele, T., De Bodt, J., Marzorati, M., & Gewirtz, A. T.
- Affiliations
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center of Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Ghent University (BE)
- Georgia State University (US)
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2017-03-21
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1414-1427
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- PMC
- PMC5940336
- OpenAlex
- W2603041755
- Cited by
- 590
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 68 · 2021: 70 · 2020: 63 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 45 · 2017: 18
- FWCI
- 19.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- addendum (2018-02-13)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America (DK083890, DK099071)
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation (276509)
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Universiteit Gent
- Vlaamse regering
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK099071, R01DK083890)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- food emulsifiers, Tween 80, carboxymethyl cellulose, gut microbiota, flagellin, intestinal inflammation, food additives, germ-free mice, host-microbiota interactions, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic syndrome
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium, Diet, Enteritis, Female, Flagellin, Food Additives, Germ-Free Life, Humans, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Models, Biological, Polysorbates, Gene Expression, Emulsifying Agents, Mice
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