Recovery from herpes simplex encephalitis: selective impairment of specific semantic categories with neuroradiological correlation.
Open accessAbstract
The clinical, neuropsychological and neuroradiological features of two patients affected by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) encephalitis are described. An experimental study for the assessment of naming, recognition and description displayed in one patient a persistent significant impairment in naming living things. The other patient showed a failing "semantic memory" for the same categories, although a significant impairment emerged only for plants. In both patients, the late neuroradiological sequelae were localised mainly in the inferior and middle gyri of the left temporal lobe and in the left-side insula. In one patient, the right-side insula was also involved. The selective cerebral damage induced by HSV-1 is stressed and a correlation between the neuroradiological and neuropsychological findings is attempted. The stereotyped anatomical and neuropsychological changes lead to the belief that the virus may recognise, within the limbic system, particular cellular "strains" on the basis of their molecular specificity.
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Bilateral lesions in HSV-1 encephalitis are associated with more profound cognitive deficits, involving semantic memory impairment and visual agnosia.
“Bilateral lesions are associated with more profound cognitive deficits, involving semantic memory impairment and visual agnosia [42, 48].”
From Cognitive decline following acute viral infections: literature review and projections for post-COVID-19 (2022) · cites this paper as [48]
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- Authors
- Pietrini, V, Nertempi, P., Vaglia, A., Revello, M. G., Pinna, V, & Ferro-Milone, F.
- Affiliations
- Ospedale San Bortolo (IT)
- ORCID
- Pietrini, V
- Venue
- Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 1988-10-01
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1284-1293
- ISSN
- 0022-3050 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC1032917
- OpenAlex
- W2154949446
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- herpes simplex encephalitis, herpes simplex virus type 1, semantic memory impairment, naming impairment, object recognition, plant naming, temporal lobe lesions, insula, left temporal lobe, neuropsychological assessment, limbic system, post-infectious recovery
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anomia, Aphasia, Brain Damage, Chronic, Encephalitis, Follow-Up Studies, Herpes Simplex, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Radiography, Mental Recall, Semantics, Neurocognitive Disorders
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