Declarative memory impairments in Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia
Abstract
Semantic dementia (SD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are both disorders in which early pathology affects the temporal lobe yet they produce distinct syndromes of declarative memory impairment-loss of established semantic knowledge with relatively preserved episodic memory in the former and the converse in the latter. Groups with mild SD and mild AD who showed a double dissociation in these two aspects of declarative memory were studied-the SD group's episodic memory and the AD group's semantic knowledge each being comparable to controls. Positron emission tomography and volumetric magnetic resonance imaging were used to map deficits in regional cerebral metabolic rate and mesial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy, respectively. Episodic memory impairment in AD was associated with dysfunction of an integrated network (mesial temporal lobe, mamillary bodies, dorso-mesial thalamus and posterior cingulate). Semantic memory impairment in SD was associated with bilateral rostral temporal lobe hypometabolism. The SD group had comparable MTL atrophy and hypometabolism to that found in AD but the remainder of their limbic-diencephalic network was preserved suggesting that the latter explains their ability to acquire new episodic memories. The results challenge the view that amnesia in early AD can be explained by the degree of MTL damage alone while showing that semantic impairment can occur with damage restricted to the rostral temporal lobes.
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The relationship between atrophy in the posterior cingulate and episodic future thinking performance in Alzheimer's disease is significant, adding to converging evidence that views the posterior cingulate as critical in the genesis of declarative memory problems in this patient cohort.
“The relationship between atrophy in the posterior cingulate and episodic future thinking performance in Alzheimer's disease is significant, adding to converging evidence that views the posterior cingulate as critical in the genesis of declarative memory problems in this patient cohort (Nestor et al., 2006;Irish et al., 2011a).”
From Considering the role of semantic memory in episodic future thinking: evidence from semantic dementia (2012) · cites this paper as Nestor et al., 2006
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- Authors
- Nestor, P. J., Fryer, T. D., & Hodges, J. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Addenbrooke's Hospital (GB)
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Nestor, Peter J.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-04
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1010-1020
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2112693804
- Cited by
- 370
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 9.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- semantic dementia, Alzheimer's disease, declarative memory, semantic memory impairment, episodic memory impairment, double dissociation, mammillary bodies, thalamus, posterior cingulate cortex, temporal lobe pathology
- MeSH terms
- Alzheimer Disease, Analysis of Variance, Dementia, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Temporal Lobe, Positron-Emission Tomography
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