Cognitive Outcome in Acute Sporadic Encephalitis
Abstract
Acute encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain parenchyma. In the United States, 20,000 cases occur yearly. A variety of cognitive deficits, often the sole cause of disability, may persist after the acute stage. Still, infectious diseases tend to be covered only briefly in neuropsychological handbooks. Recent literature demonstrates the heterogeneity of both amnestic disorders and the outcome following encephalitides. Herpes Simplex virus (HSV), the most common single etiology of sporadic encephalitis, usually causes the most severe symptoms. Modern antiviral medication, however, seems to improve the cognitive outcome. Much less is known about non-HSV encephalitides, where both mild and severe defects have been observed. This article summarizes the current knowledge and also calls upon a more active neuropsychological research in the area.
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80% of patients display persistent mild cognitive deficits three years after the acute HSV episode.
“80% of patients display persistent mild cognitive deficits three years after the acute episode [53].”
From Cognitive decline following acute viral infections: literature review and projections for post-COVID-19 (2022) · cites this paper as [53]
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Neurologic Manifestations and Outcome of West Nile Virus Infection
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- Authors
- Hokkanen, L., & Launes, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Hokkanen, Laura
- Venue
- Neuropsychology Review
- Published
- 2000-09
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 151-167
- ISSN
- 1040-7308 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6660
- OpenAlex
- W1585863437
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 193
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuropsychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infectious Encephalopathies and Encephalitis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Keywords
- acute encephalitis, cognitive outcomes, herpes simplex encephalitis, amnestic disorders, antiviral therapy, neuropsychological assessment
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Antiviral Agents, Mental Disorders, Clinical Trials as Topic, Cognition Disorders, Dementia, Encephalitis, Humans, Memory Disorders, Neuropsychological Tests
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