Prevalence of obesity in type 2 diabetes in secondary care: association with cardiovascular risk factors
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Aims: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a secondary care diabetes clinic in the United Kingdom, and to assess the impact of overweight and obesity on glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: 3637 patients with diabetes were identified from the hospital electronic diabetes register, 916 with type 1 diabetes (mean (SD) age 40.4 (15.1) years, 496 male) and 2721 with type 2 diabetes (mean (SD) age 62.5 (11.8) years, 1436 male). Data on body mass index (BMI), glycaemic control, lipid profiles, and blood pressure were extracted. Results: Of patients with type 1 diabetes, 55.3% were overweight (BMI ⩾25 kg/m2), 16.6% were obese (BMI ⩾30 kg/m2), and 0.4% had morbid obesity (BMI ⩾40 kg/m2). In contrast, 86% of patients with type 2 diabetes were overweight or obese, 52% were obese, and 8.1% had morbid obesity. Obese patients with type 2 diabetes were younger, had poorer glycaemic control, higher blood pressures, worse lipid profiles, and were more likely to be receiving antihypertensive and lipid lowering drugs compared with patients with BMI <30 kg/m2. Conclusions: Obesity is the rule among patients attending this hospital diabetes clinic, with 86% of those with type 2 diabetes overweight or obese. Obesity is associated with significantly worse cardiovascular risk factors in this patient group, suggesting that more active interventions to control weight gain would be appropriate.
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Patients with T2DM are more likely to be overweight or obese, which indicates insulin resistance and dyslipidemia along with hyperglycemia.
“Moreover, patients with T2DM are more likely to be overweight or obese, which indicates insulin resistance and dyslipidemia along with hyperglycemia [5, 6].”
From The Effect of Berberine on Metabolic Profiles in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2021) · cites this paper as [5]
Most DM2 patients are overweight or obese.
“Dysglycemia is strongly associated with the development of overweight status or obesity, as most DM2 patients are overweight or obese (44–46).”
From GDF-15 as a Weight Watcher for Diabetic and Non-Diabetic People Treated With Metformin (2020) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Daousi, C., Casson, I. F., Gill, G. V., MacFarlane, I. A., Wilding, J. P. H., & Pinkney, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Aintree University Hospital (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Daousi, C
- Venue
- Postgraduate Medical Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2006-04-01
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 966
- Pages
- 280-284
- ISSN
- 0032-5473 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-0756
- PMC
- PMC2579635
- OpenAlex
- W2120471801
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Postgraduate Medical Journal (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Keywords
- obesity, type 2 diabetes, type 1 diabetes, overweight prevalence, body mass index, cardiovascular risk factors, glycemic control, blood pressure, lipid profile, morbid obesity, weight gain, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Angiopathies, Female, Humans, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Obesity, Morbid, Outpatient Clinics, Hospital, Risk Factors, Body Mass Index
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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