Type 2 diabetes
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes accounts for nearly 90% of the approximately 537 million cases of diabetes worldwide. The number affected is increasing rapidly with alarming trends in children and young adults (up to age 40 years). Early detection and proactive management are crucial for prevention and mitigation of microvascular and macrovascular complications and mortality burden. Access to novel therapies improves person-centred outcomes beyond glycaemic control. Precision medicine, including multiomics and pharmacogenomics, hold promise to enhance understanding of disease heterogeneity, leading to targeted therapies. Technology might improve outcomes, but its potential is yet to be realised. Despite advances, substantial barriers to changing the course of the epidemic remain. This Seminar offers a clinically focused review of the recent developments in type 2 diabetes care including controversies and future directions.
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Type 1 diabetes often develops during childhood, while type 2 diabetes has a strong genetic component and a robust association with obesity and a sedentary lifestyle.
“Type 1 diabetes often develops during childhood, while type 2 diabetes has a strong genetic component and a robust association with obesity and a sedentary lifestyle.10, 13”
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“10,13 Although prevention and management approaches differ between diabetes types, there are well established strategies to reduce the disease burden, including limiting risk factors for type 2 diabetes, 2 increasing access to treatment such as insulin, 14 and enhancing the health-system…”
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- Authors
- Ahmad, E., Lim, S., Lamptey, R., Webb, D. R., & Davies, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Leicester (GB)
- Seoul National University (KR)
- University of Ghana (GH)
- Corresponding author
- Davies, Melanie J
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-11
- Volume
- 400
- Issue
- 10365
- Pages
- 1803-1820
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W4308040595
- Cited by
- 1,120
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 251 · 2025: 402 · 2024: 334 · 2023: 129 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 30.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes, diabetes epidemiology, early detection, diabetes management, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications, mortality, precision medicine, multi-omics, pharmacogenomics, disease heterogeneity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Pharmacogenetics, Technology, Young Adult, Precision Medicine, Epidemics
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