Family size, infection and atopy: the first decade of the 'hygiene hypothesis'

Hay fever, hygiene, and household size.

Strachan, D. P. (1989) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.299.6710.1259 · Cited by 5,054 · see citing works

Worldwide time trends in the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema in childhood: ISAAC Phases One and Three repeat multicountry cross-sectional surveys

Asher, M. I., Montefort, S., Björkstén, B., Lai, C. K., Strachan, D. P., Weiland, S. K., & Williams, H. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69283-0 · Cited by 4,223 · see citing works

Gut microbiota in health and disease

Sekirov, I., Russell, S. L., Antunes, L. C. M., & Finlay, B. B. (2010) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00045.2009 · Cited by 4,182 · see citing works

Factors influencing the composition of the intestinal microbiota in early infancy

Penders, J., Thijs, C., Vink, C., Stelma, F. F., Snijders, B., Kummeling, I., van den Brandt, P. A., & Stobberingh, E. E. (2006) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-2824 · Cited by 2,232 · see citing works

Diet, gut microbiota and immune responses

Maslowski, K. M., & Mackay, C. R. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni0111-5 · Cited by 1,261 · see citing works

Diet, metabolites, and “western-lifestyle” inflammatory diseases

Thorburn, A. N., Macia, L., & Mackay, C. R. (2014) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2014.05.014 · Cited by 879 · see citing works

Gut microbiota composition and development of atopic manifestations in infancy: the KOALA Birth Cohort Study

Penders, J., Thijs, C., van den Brandt, P. A., Kummeling, I., Snijders, B., Stelma, F., Adams, H., van Ree, R., & Stobberingh, E. E. (2007) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2006.100164 · Cited by 844 · see citing works

Reduced diversity of the intestinal microbiota during infancy is associated with increased risk of allergic disease at school age

Bisgaard, H., Li, N., Bonnelykke, K., Chawes, B. L. K., Skov, T., Paludan-Müller, G., Stokholm, J., Smith, B., & Krogfelt, K. A. (2011) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2011.04.060 · Cited by 786 · see citing works

Vagal pathways for microbiome-brain-gut axis communication

Forsythe, P., Bienenstock, J., & Kunze, W. A. (2014) · Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0897-4_5 · Cited by 576 · see citing works

Cesarean Section and Chronic Immune Disorders

Sevelsted, A., Stokholm, J., Bønnelykke, K., & Bisgaard, H. (2015) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2014-0596 · Cited by 482 · see citing works

Psychoneuroimmunology of early-life stress: the hidden wounds of childhood trauma?

Danese, A., & J Lewis, S. (2017) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2016.198 · Cited by 393 · see citing works

Altered early infant gut microbiota in children developing allergy up to 5 years of age

Sjögren, Y. M., Jenmalm, M. C., Böttcher, M. F., Björkstén, B., & Sverremark‐Ekström, E. (2009) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03156.x · Cited by 378 · see citing works

Does a higher number of siblings protect against the development of allergy and asthma? A review

Karmaus, W., & Botezan, C. (2002) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.56.3.209 · Cited by 319 · see citing works

Decanalization and the origin of complex disease

Gibson, G. (2009) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg2502 · Cited by 285 · see citing works

Epidemiology of atopic dermatitis

Larsen, F. S., & Hanifin, J. M. (2002) · Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8561(03)00066-3 · Cited by 310 · see citing works

A genome-wide association meta-analysis of self-reported allergy identifies shared and allergy-specific susceptibility loci

Hinds, D. A., McMahon, G., Kiefer, A. K., Do, C. B., Eriksson, N., Evans, D. M., St Pourcain, B., Ring, S. M., Mountain, J. L., Francke, U., et al. (2013) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.2686 · Cited by 246 · see citing works

An exposome perspective: Early-life events and immune development in a changing world

Renz, H., Holt, P. G., Inouye, M., Logan, A. C., Prescott, S. L., & Sly, P. D. (2017) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.05.015 · Cited by 226 · see citing works

A genome-wide meta-analysis of genetic variants associated with allergic rhinitis and grass sensitization and their interaction with birth order

Ramasamy, A., Curjuric, I., Coin, L. J., Kumar, A., McArdle, W. L., Imboden, M., Leynaert, B., Kogevinas, M., Schmid-Grendelmeier, P., Pekkanen, J., et al. (2011) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2011.08.030 · Cited by 222 · see citing works

Does Living on a Farm during Childhood Protect against Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopy in Adulthood?

LEYNAERT, B., NEUKIRCH, C., JARVIS, D., CHINN, S., BURNEY, P., & NEUKIRCH, F. (2001) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.10.2103137 · Cited by 213 · see citing works

The microbiology of asthma

Edwards, M. R., Bartlett, N. W., Hussell, T., Openshaw, P., & Johnston, S. L. (2012) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro2801 · Cited by 205 · see citing works

Chlorinated Pool Attendance, Atopy, and the Risk of Asthma during Childhood

Bernard, A., Carbonnelle, S., de Burbure, C., Michel, O., & Nickmilder, M. (2006) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.8461 · Cited by 201 · see citing works

Family income gradients in the health and health care access of US children.

Larson, K., & Halfon, N. (2010) · Maternal and Child Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10995-009-0477-y · Cited by 187 · see citing works

The microbiota, immunoregulation, and mental health: implications for public health

Lowry, C. A., Smith, D. G., Siebler, P. H., Schmidt, D., Stamper, C. E., Hassell, J. E., Yamashita, P. S., Fox, J. H., Reber, S. O., Brenner, L. A., et al. (2016) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-016-0100-5 · Cited by 172 · see citing works

Reduced Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii levels in the gut microbiota of children with allergic asthma

Demirci, M., Tokman, H. B., Uysal, H. K., Demiryas, S., Karakullukcu, A., Saribas, S., Cokugras, H., & Kocazeybek, B. S. (2019) · Allergologia et Immunopathologia · doi:10.1016/j.aller.2018.12.009 · Cited by 150 · see citing works

Breast-feeding and atopic disease: a cohort study from childhood to middle age

Matheson, M. C., Erbas, B., Balasuriya, A., Jenkins, M. A., Wharton, C. L., Tang, M. L.-K., Abramson, M. J., Walters, E. H., Hopper, J. L., & Dharmage, S. C. (2007) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2007.06.030 · Cited by 143 · see citing works

Siblings, asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema: a worldwide perspective from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood

Strachan, D. P., Aït‐Khaled, N., Foliaki, S., Mallol, J., Odhiambo, J., Pearce, N., Williams, H. C., & the ISAAC Phase Three Study Group (2015) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/cea.12349 · Cited by 123 · see citing works

The microbiome and development of allergic disease

Lynch, S. V., & Boushey, H. A. (2016) · Current Opinion in Allergy & Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1097/aci.0000000000000255 · Cited by 92 · see citing works

The microbiota protects from viral-induced neurologic damage through microglia-intrinsic TLR signaling

Brown, D. G., Soto, R., Yandamuri, S., Stone, C., Dickey, L., Gomes-Neto, J. C., Pastuzyn, E. D., Bell, R., Petersen, C., Buhrke, K., et al. (2019) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.47117 · Cited by 60 · see citing works

Timing of routine immunisations and subsequent hay fever risk

Bremner, S. A. (2005) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.2004.051714 · Cited by 44 · see citing works

Understanding asthma and allergies by the lens of biodiversity and epigenetic changes

Fiuza, B. S. D., Fonseca, H. F., Meirelles, P. M., Marques, C. R., da Silva, T. M., & Figueiredo, C. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.623737 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Relevance of the hygiene hypothesis to early vs. late onset allergic rhinitis

Matheson, M. C., Walters, E. H., Simpson, J. A., Wharton, C. L., Ponsonby, A. ‐., Johns, D. P., Jenkins, M. A., Giles, G. G., Hopper, J. L., Abramson, M. J., et al. (2009) · Clinical & Experimental Allergy · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.03175.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works

The Power of Environment: A Comprehensive Review of the Exposome's Role in Healthy Aging, Longevity, and Preventive Medicine-Lessons from Blue Zones and Cilento

Aliberti, S. M., & Capunzo, M. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17040722 · Cited by 29 · see citing works

Identification of polymorphisms in the Toll-like receptor gene and the association with allergic rhinitis

Kang, I., Oh, Y.-K., Lee, S. H., Jung, H. M., Chae, S.-C., & Lee, J. H. (2010) · European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology · doi:10.1007/s00405-009-1100-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works

Enteric ecosystem disruption in autism spectrum disorder: Can the microbiota and macrobiota be restored?

Slattery, J., MacFabe, D., Kahler, S., & Frye, R. (2016) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612822666160905123953 · Cited by 20 · see citing works

Childhood Environment and Atopic Conditions, with Emphasis on Asthma in a Chilean Agricultural Area

Vargas, C., Bustos, P., Diaz, P. V., Amigo, H., & Rona, R. J. (2008) · Journal of Asthma · doi:10.1080/02770900701752540 · Cited by 16 · see citing works

Rhinitis in Swiss adults is associated with asthma and early life factors, but not second hand tobacco smoke or obesity

Abramson, M. J., Schindler, C., Schikowski, T., Bircher, A. J., Burdet, L., Gerbase, M. W., Imboden, M., Rochat, T., Schmid-Grendelmeier, P., Turk, A. J., et al. (2016) · Allergology International · doi:10.1016/j.alit.2015.11.004 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Pediatric rhinitis risk factors

Ji, Y., Liu, Y., & Yang, N. (2016) · Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine · doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3684 · Cited by 5 · see citing works