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Inputs and outputs of mercury from terrestrial watersheds: a review

Grigal, D F·2002·Environmental Reviews

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Abstract

This review focuses on mercury (Hg) inputs and outputs in temperate and boreal terrestrial systems. It covers deposition via throughfall and litterfall, whose sum (ca. 38 µg m2 a1) is greater than that via precipitation (ca. 10 µg m2 a1). Outputs considered include volatilization, soil sequestration, and streamflow. The former is highly uncertain, but the mean rate (11 ng m2 h1) over a growing season is equivalent to about 32 µg m2 a1. Modern rates of soil sequestration (ca. 5 µg m2 a1) and streamflow fluxes (ca. 2 µg m2 a1) balance the annual budget. The majority of the uncertainty in the budget is related to volatilization. Nonetheless, a large fraction of atmospheric Hg is likely a product of continuing deposition and volatilization. Watershed characteristics related to streamflow fluxes of both Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) are discussed. Both runoff concentration and flux of Hg are weakly and inversely related to watershed size. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulates are important carriers of Hg; watershed activities that affect either affect Hg flux. Runoff flux of MeHg is skewed with about 80% of observations less than 0.15 µg m2 a1. Although there is no pattern of MeHg flux with watershed size, there is a strong positive relationship between flux and wetland area. Wetlands are a site of MeHg production and their presence increases water residence time; both increase MeHg flux. Concentrations of MeHg in streamflow from watersheds with wetlands are near the current water quality criterion, and effective control measures in those watersheds appear problematic.Key words: deposition, non-point pollution, methylmercury, wetlands, dissolved organic carbon (DOC).

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See all 454

Authors: Grigal, D. F.
Venue: Environmental Reviews
Publisher: Canadian Science Publishing
Published: 2002-03-01
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Pages: 1-39
ISSN: 1181-8700 (ISSN-L)
1208-6053
DOI: 10.1139/a01-013
OpenAlex: W2131607077
Cited by: 454
References: 97
FWCI: 7.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.

Inputs and outputs of mercury from terrestrial watersheds: a review

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Metadata

Record

About these checks

Data sources