The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Checking computations in polylogarithmic time
Open accessAbstract
. Motivated by Manuel Blum's concept of instance checking, we consider new, very fast and generic mechanisms of checking computations. Our results exploit recent advances in interactive proof protocols [LFKN92], [Sha92], and especially the MIP = NEXP protocol from [BFL91]. We show that every nondeterministic computational task S(x; y), defined as a polynomial time relation between the instance x, representing the input and output combined, and the witness y can be modified to a task S 0 such that: (i) the same instances remain accepted; (ii) each instance/witness pair becomes checkable in polylogarithmic Monte Carlo time; and (iii) a witness satisfying S 0 can be computed in polynomial time from a witness satisfying S. Here the instance and the description of S have to be provided in error-correcting code (since the checker will not notice slight changes). A modification of the MIP proof was required to achieve polynomial time in (iii); the earlier technique yields N O(log log N)...
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Cites
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Cited by
Advances and Open Problems in Federated Learning
Kairouz, P., & McMahan, H. B. (2021) · Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning · doi:10.1561/2200000083 · Cited by 7,772
“[40] and has been studied under various terms in the literature: checking computations [40], certified computation [295], delegating computations [185], as well as verifiable computing [173].”
BackgroundSome optimal inapproximability results
Håstad, J. (2001) · Journal of the ACM · doi:10.1145/502090.502098 · Cited by 1,902
Chor, B., Kushilevitz, E., Goldreich, O., & Sudan, M. (1998) · Journal of the ACM · doi:10.1145/293347.293350 · Cited by 1,612
Property testing and its connection to learning and approximation
Goldreich, O., Goldwasser, S., & Ron, D. (1998) · Journal of the ACM · doi:10.1145/285055.285060 · Cited by 1,020
SNARKs for C: Verifying Program Executions Succinctly and in Zero Knowledge
Ben-Sasson, E., Chiesa, A., Genkin, D., Tromer, E., & Virza, M. (2013) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-40084-1_6 · Cited by 598
Metadata
- Authors
- Babai, L., Fortnow, L., Levin, L. A., & Szegedy, M.
- Venue
- Proceedings of the twenty-third annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing - STOC '91
- Publisher
- ACM Press
- Published
- 1991
- Pages
- 21-32
- OpenAlex
- W2053086236
- Cited by
- 616
- References
- 20
- FWCI
- 11.32
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Babai, L., Fortnow, L., Levin, L. A., & Szegedy, M. (1991). Checking computations in polylogarithmic time. Proceedings of the twenty-third annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing - STOC '91. https://doi.org/10.1145/103418.103428
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