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Photoreceptor Signaling Networks in Plant Responses to Shade
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The dynamic light environment of vegetation canopies is perceived by phytochromes, cryptochromes, phototropins, and UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8). These receptors control avoidance responses to preclude exposure to limiting or excessive light and acclimation responses to cope with conditions that cannot be avoided. The low red/far-red ratios of shade light reduce phytochrome B activity, which allows PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs) to directly activate the transcription of auxin-synthesis genes, leading to shade-avoidance responses. Direct PIF interaction with DELLA proteins links gibberellin and brassinosteroid signaling to shade avoidance. Shade avoidance also requires CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS 1 (COP1), a target of cryptochromes, phytochromes, and UVR8. Multiple regulatory loops and the input of the circadian clock create a complex network able to respond even to subtle threats of competition with neighbors while still compensating for major environmental fluctuations such as the day-night cycles.
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Plants quantify R/FR through the phytochrome system and react with the shade avoidance syndrome that enables plants to outgrow competitors for light.
“Plants quantify this ratio through the phytochrome system and react with the shade avoidance syndrome that enables plants to outgrow the competitors for light (Casal, 2013; Pierik and de Wit, 2014).”
From Shaping plant architecture (2015) · cites this paper as Casal, 2013
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Self-citationPhytochrome B and the Regulation of Circadian Ethylene Production in Sorghum1
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Phytochrome B increases drought tolerance by enhancing ABA sensitivity in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Self-citationBrassinosteroid Mutants Uncover Fine Tuning of Phytochrome Signaling
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Self-citationInteraction with plant transcription factors can mediate nuclear import of phytochrome B
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Antagonistic but Complementary Actions of Phytochromes A and B Allow Optimum Seedling De-Etiolation
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Phytochrome-Mediated Phototropism in De-Etiolated Seedlings
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Self-citationRegulation of phytochrome B signaling by phytochrome A and FHY1 in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Phytochrome signaling: solving the Gordian knot with microbial relatives
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Light regulation of endogenous salicylic acid levels in hypocotyls of Helianthus annuus seedlings
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Phytochrome A increases tolerance to high evaporative demand
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Phytochrome B integrates light and temperature signals in Arabidopsis
Legris, M., Klose, C., Burgie, E. S., Rojas, C. C., Neme, M., Hiltbrunner, A., Wigge, P. A., Schäfer, E., Vierstra, R. D., & Casal, J. J. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf5656 · Cited by 883
Self-citationThe Multifaceted Roles of HY5 in Plant Growth and Development
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Cold signaling in plants: Insights into mechanisms and regulation
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PIFs: Systems Integrators in Plant Development
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“A comprehensive view of this response as well as the central role of the PIFs in this process has been covered in excellent reviews (Franklin, 2008; Casal, 2013).”
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“These shading conditions induce a complex response defined shade avoidance, including stem and petiole elongation, lower leaf mass, stomata density and chlorophyll content per unit of leaf area, and early flowering (Casal 2013).”
BackgroundSAUR Proteins as Effectors of Hormonal and Environmental Signals in Plant Growth
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“In Arabidopsis seedlings, the most dramatic shade avoidance response is hypocotyl elongation (reviewed in Casal, 2013; de Wit et al., 2014).”
BackgroundThe BBX family of plant transcription factors
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“The intimate connection between the photoreceptors pathways and shade-avoidance responses has been thoroughly reviewed recently [64].”
The shade‐avoidance syndrome: multiple signals and ecological consequences
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“…reviews on this topic have been published recently and provide additional perspectives on the mechanisms and functional implications of shade-avoidance responses (Casal 2013; Ballaré 2014; Pierik & de Wit 2014; Pierik & Testerink 2014; de Wit et al. 2016a; Fraser et al. 2016; Viczian et al. 2016).”
Plant responses to red and far-red lights, applications in horticulture
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Light-controlled flavonoid biosynthesis in fruits
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“The different forms allow phytochrome to function as a biological switch, turning responses on and off enabling the detection of circadian rhythms and seasonal changes in light conditions (Reed, 1999; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundPlant immunity in signal integration between biotic and abiotic stress responses
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Molecular mechanisms underlying phytochrome-controlled morphogenesis in plants
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Rewiring of jasmonate and phytochrome B signalling uncouples plant growth-defense tradeoffs
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“1a) 31–33 .”
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“Instead, a range of blue-light photoreceptors, such as phototropins and cryptochromes, are readily absorbed in the UV-A part of the spectrum [6] (Fig.”
Phytochrome Signaling Networks
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Light acts as a stressor and influences abiotic and biotic stress responses in plants
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“time, the circadian clock and gravitropism (Casal, 2013; Correll et al., 2003; Franklin & Whitelam, 2007b; Lin, 2000; Nagy & Schäfer, 2002; Pierik & de Wit, 2014; Somers, Devlin, & Kay, 1998).”
BackgroundPark, Y., & Runkle, E. S. (2017) · Environmental and Experimental Botany · doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.12.013 · Cited by 305
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“In Arabidopsis thaliana, red:far-red (R:FR) light is perceived by phytochromes (phyA to phyE), blue/UV-A light is perceived by cryptochromes (cry1 and cry2) and phototropins (phot1 and phot2), and UV-B is perceived by UVR8 photoreceptor (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundShu, K., Zhou, W., Chen, F., Luo, X., & Yang, W. (2018) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00416 · Cited by 267
“Auxin biosynthesis and signal transduction plays a key role with regard to plant shade response, and the phytochromes PHYA, PHYB, and the phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are involved in these cascades (Casal, 2012, 2013; Yang et al., 2018).”
BackgroundThe transcriptional regulator BZR1 mediates trade-off between plant innate immunity and growth
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“Dark conditions impose an energetic limitation due to lack of photo-assimilates; in this situation, the restoration of normal photosynthesis by reaching light is an essential requirement to guarantee perpetuation, and as such must be given priority (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundTeichmann, T., & Muhr, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2015.00233 · Cited by 228
“Plants quantify this ratio through the phytochrome system and react with the shade avoidance syndrome that enables plants to outgrow the competitors for light (Casal, 2013; Pierik and de Wit, 2014).”
BackgroundThe Roles of Auxin Biosynthesis YUCCA Gene Family in Plants
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“Plants that normally grow in unshaded or lightly shaded habitats can distinguish differences in the proximity of other plants through alterations in the spectral intensity of light (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundPlant Defense Responses to Biotic Stress and Its Interplay With Fluctuating Dark/Light Conditions
Iqbal, Z., Iqbal, M. S., Hashem, A., Allah, E. F. A., & Ansari, M. I. (2021) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2021.631810 · Cited by 245
“Plants exhibit SAS, which is represented by the elongation of plant parts such as hypocotyls, stems, and petioles (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundLlorente, B., D’Andrea, L., Ruiz‐Sola, M. Á., Botterweg, E., Pulido, P., Andilla, J., Loza‐Álvarez, P., & Rodrı́guez-Concepción, M. (2015) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.13094 · Cited by 237
“…repress carotenoid biosynthesis both in the dark and in response to a reduc- tion in the R/FR ratio, a plant proximity signal referred to as ‘shade’ that is generated due to the preferential absor- bance of R by leaves of neighboring or canopy plants (Mart ınez-Garc ıa et al., 2010; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundInformation Integration and Communication in Plant Growth Regulation
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Photomorphogenic responses to ultraviolet‐B light
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Perception and signalling of light and temperature cues in plants
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“, 2012), after which plants become particularly sensitive to the stem growth-promoting light signals of neighbouring plants (Casal, 2013).”
InfluentialSelf-citationPlant Strategies for Enhancing Access to Sunlight
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PHYTOCHROME C plays a major role in the acceleration of wheat flowering under long-day photoperiod
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BackgroundLight Signaling, Root Development, and Plasticity
van Gelderen, K., Kang, C., & Pierik, R. (2017) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.17.01079 · Cited by 211
“PIFs then accumulate, induce auxin biosynthesis and transport, and auxin 313 subsequently induces elongation of hypocotyls, stems and petioles as well as upward leaf 314 movement (Lorrain et al., 2008; Keuskamp et al., 2010; Keuskamp et al., 2011; Casal, 2013; 315 Gommers et al., 2013; Kohnen et al., 2016; de Wit et a…”
BackgroundIlluminating colors: regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation by light
Llorente, B., Martínez‐García, J. F., Stange, C., & Rodrı́guez-Concepción, M. (2017) · Current Opinion in Plant Biology · doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2017.03.011 · Cited by 208
“, high density) plant environments are actually perceived by photoreceptors and rapidly transduced into changes in gene expression aimed to adapt to eventual shading, for example, by decreasing the production of chlorophylls and carotenoids to readjust photosynthetic metabolism [14,15].”
BackgroundPhotosynthetic efficiency in sun and shade plants
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“Plants could sense the variation in quality and quantity of light falling on them through a network of phytohormones and thus regulate their growth accordingly (Casal 2013, Kurepin and Pheris 2014).”
BackgroundMaize smart-canopy architecture enhances yield at high densities
Tian, J., Wang, C., Chen, F., Qin, W., Yang, H. Y., Zhao, S., Xia, J., Du, X., Zhu, Y., Wu, L., et al. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07669-6 · Cited by 208
“…are adaptive changes that help individuals to outcompete their neighbours, but might affect reproductive yield under dense planting owing to reduced photoassimilate partitioning to grains, increased risk of lodging, precocious maturation and increased susceptibility to pests and diseases 17,25 .”
InfluentialA PIF1/PIF3-HY5-BBX23 Transcription Factor Cascade Affects Photomorphogenesis
Zhang, X., Huai, J., Shang, F., Xu, G., Tang, W., Jing, Y., & Lin, R. (2017) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.17.00418 · Cited by 195
“Plants perceive different wavelengths of light via a set of photoreceptors, including the red/far-red light photoreceptors, phytochromes; the blue/UB-A light photoreceptors, cryptochromes and phototropins; and the UV-B light photoreceptor UVR8 (Chen et al., 2004; Casal, 2013).”
Shade Inhibits Leaf Size by Controlling Cell Proliferation and Enlargement in Soybean
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“When true shading occurs, transmitted light is especially depleted in red and blue (B) wavelengths, due to absorption by chlorophyll [4].”
Kudo, M., Kidokoro, S., Yoshida, T., Mizoi, J., Todaka, D., Fernie, A. R., Shinozaki, K., & Yamaguchi‐Shinozaki, K. (2016) · Plant Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1111/pbi.12644 · Cited by 190
“, 2012), through the up-regulation of auxin-related genes (IAAs and SAURs), shade-inducible genes (ATHB2, PIL1 and HFR1) and cell wall-related genes (XTR7) (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Art of Being Flexible: How to Escape from Shade, Salt, and Drought
Pierik, R., & Testerink, C. S. (2014) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1104/pp.114.239160 · Cited by 188
“The relative occurrence and importance of these different light signals, and their interactions at different stages of stand development, were recently reviewed (Casal, 2013; Pierik and de Wit, 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialEukaryotic algal phytochromes span the visible spectrum
Rockwell, N. C., Duanmu, D., Martin, S. S., Bachy, C., Price, D. C., Bhattacharya, D., Worden, A. Z., & Lagarias, J. C. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1401871111 · Cited by 187
Hormonal Regulation in Shade Avoidance
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“Photosynthetic pigments in leaves absorb strongly in the range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) (400–700 nm) and UV radiation (280–400 nm), and reflect far-red wavelength (700–800 nm) (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundUVB and UVA as eustressors in horticultural and agricultural crops
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Photoreceptor‐mediated kin recognition in plants
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“Due to selective light absorption by photosynthetic pigments, plant canopy shade-light exhibits low red to far-red ratios (R : FR) and low blue-light irradiances (Smith, 2000; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMy body is a cage: mechanisms and modulation of plant cell growth
Braidwood, L., Breuer, C., & Sugimoto, K. (2013) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.12473 · Cited by 171
“Perception of the light environment occurs via multiple mechanisms, including phytochromes (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundPIF s get BR right: PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR s as integrators of light and hormonal signals
de Lucas, M., & Prat, S. (2014) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.12725 · Cited by 176
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“The light environment in dense vegetation is characterized by reduced PAR and hence represents a threatening situation to which plants respond with a variety of growth and developmental strategies (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialPierik, R., & Ballaré, C. L. (2020) · Molecular Plant · doi:10.1016/j.molp.2020.11.021 · Cited by 171
Cold stress in plants: Strategies to improve cold tolerance in forage species
Adhikari, L., Baral, R., Paudel, D., Min, D., Makaju, S., Poudel, H. P., Acharya, J. P., & Missaoui, A. (2022) · Plant Stress · doi:10.1016/j.stress.2022.100081 · Cited by 165
Cotyledon-Generated Auxin Is Required for Shade-Induced Hypocotyl Growth in Brassica rapa
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“Stem elongation phenotypes may affect traits of agronomic importance in some plant species by reallocating resources toward stem growth and increasing the likelihood of mechanical damage (Morinaka et al., 2006; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialCOP1 destabilizes DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis
Blanco‐Touriñán, N., Legris, M., Minguet, E. G., Rojas, C. C., Nohales, M. A., Iniesto, E., García-León, M., Pacín, M., Heucken, N., Blomeier, T., et al. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1907969117 · Cited by 158
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“We discuss these responses based on the knowledge about the molecular mechanisms and components with a role in regulating the SAS response of the hypocotyls of Arabidopsis thaliana.”
BackgroundInfluentialCarbonell‐Bejerano, P., Diago, M. P., Martínez‐Abaigar, J., Martínez-Zapater, J. M., Tardáguila, J., & Núñez‐Olivera, E. (2014) · BMC Plant Biology · doi:10.1186/1471-2229-14-183 · Cited by 155
“Besides photoprotection, UV radiation also triggers safeguards to anticipate other stressors such as heat or drought, and mediates in developmental cues such as morphogenetic responses to shade/ light or interactions with other organisms [18-22].”
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“72 Light signals are perceived by at least four families of photoreceptors, including 73 phytochromes, cryptochromes, phototropins and UV Resistance Locus 8 (UVR8) 74 (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundNapier, J. D., Heckman, R. W., & Juenger, T. E. (2023) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1093/plcell/koac322 · Cited by 158
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The impact of the phytochromes on photosynthetic processes
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Putting the brakes on: abscisic acid as a central environmental regulator of stomatal development
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“Recent reviews have discussed the contribution of light signalling to stomatal function and development (Shimazaki et al., 2007;Chen et al., 2012;Casal, 2013), but surprisingly little is known about the cross-talk between ABA-mediated and lightmediated control of stomatal development.”
BackgroundThe influence of greenhouse-integrated photovoltaics on crop production
Allardyce, C. S., Fankhauser, C., Zakeeruddin, S. M., Grätzel, M., & Dyson, P. J. (2017) · Solar Energy · doi:10.1016/j.solener.2017.06.044 · Cited by 145
Light Controls Protein Localization through Phytochrome-Mediated Alternative Promoter Selection
Ushijima, T., Hanada, K., Gotoh, E., Yamori, W., Kodama, Y., Tanaka, H., Kusano, M., Fukushima, A., Tokizawa, M., Yamamoto, Y. Y., et al. (2017) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2017.10.018 · Cited by 146
“Phytochromes are reversibly activated and inactivated by the absorption of red and far-red light, respectively, which enables plants to sense the red/far-red light ratio in theenvironment (Casal, 2013; Franklin and Quail, 2010; Galvão and Fankhauser, 2015).”
BackgroundPerspectives on improving light distribution and light use efficiency in crop canopies
Slattery, R. A., & Ort, D. R. (2020) · PLANT PHYSIOLOGY · doi:10.1093/plphys/kiaa006 · Cited by 157
Perception of solar UV radiation by plants: photoreceptors and mechanisms
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“downstream of them important for whole-plant responses (Casal, 2013; Ballaré and Pierik, 2017).”
BackgroundLEDs Make It Resilient: Effects on Plant Growth and Defense
Lazzarin, M., Meisenburg, M., Meijer, D., van Ieperen, W., Marcelis, L. F. M., Kappers, I. F., van der Krol, A. R., van Loon, J. J. A., & Dicke, M. (2020) · Trends in Plant Science · doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.013 · Cited by 143
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“The SAS is triggered by a reduction in light intensity perceived by photoreceptor cryptochromes, which in turn control adaptive responses [4].”
BackgroundLight intensity modulates the regulatory network of the shade avoidance response in Arabidopsis
Hersch, M., Lorrain, S., de Wit, M., Trévisan, M., Ljung, K., Bergmann, S., & Fankhauser, C. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1320355111 · Cited by 144
“Due to FR scattering, a low R:FR ratio can also occur without a decrease in light resources when a plant is surrounded by nonshading neighbors (potential future competitors for light), a feature termed neighbor detection (2).”
BackgroundZhu, Y., Zhang, B., Allan, A. C., Lin‐Wang, K., Zhao, Y., Wang, K., Chen, K., & Xu, C. (2020) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/tpj.14680 · Cited by 139
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Light Perception: A Matter of Time
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“After R illumination, the Pr form converts to the active, far red light-absorbing form (Pfr) and translocates to the nucleus (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundLight perception and signalling by phytochrome A
Casal, J. J., Candia, A. J. N., & Sellaro, R. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/ert379 · Cited by 135
Self-citationYang, C., Xie, F., Jiang, Y., Li, Z., Huang, X., & Li, L. (2017) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2017.11.017 · Cited by 133
Eyes on the future – evidence for trade‐offs between growth, storage and defense in Norway spruce
Huang, J., Hammerbacher, A., Weinhold, A., Reichelt, M., Gleixner, G., Behrendt, T., van Dam, N. M., Sala, A., Gershenzon, J., Trumbore, S. E., et al. (2018) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.15522 · Cited by 135
UVA Radiation Is Beneficial for Yield and Quality of Indoor Cultivated Lettuce
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“(O2−) Generation O2 generation rate was determined with the sulfamate colorimetric method of Elstner and Heupel (1976), using a commercial superoxide anion radical assay kit (Leagene Biotechnology Co.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialInteraction of light and temperature signalling
Franklin, K. A., Toledo‐Ortiz, G., Pyott, D. E., & Halliday, K. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/eru059 · Cited by 130
“Casal JJ. 2013.”
Zhen, S., & Bugbee, B. G. (2020) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.581156 · Cited by 129
“This selective attenuation causes the red (R) to far-red (FR) ratio to decrease in forest understories or within dense canopies compared to unfiltered sunlight (Federer and Tanner, 1966; Holmes and Smith, 1977; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundLight and Plant Growth Regulators on In Vitro Proliferation
Cavallaro, V., Pellegrino, A., Muleo, R., & Forgione, I. (2022) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants11070844 · Cited by 143
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Marine algae and land plants share conserved phytochrome signaling systems
Duanmu, D., Bachy, C., Sudek, S., Wong, C., Jiménez, V., Rockwell, N. C., Martin, S. S., Ngan, C. Y., Reistetter, E. N., van Baren, M. J., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1416751111 · Cited by 125
“, phototropin, cryptochrome, rhodopsins (29), UVR8 (30), or phytochromeindependent bilin-based sensors (27)], some of which serve overlapping functions with phytochromes in plants (1, 13), and/or the evolution of new photoacclimative systems (31).”
BackgroundHavko, N. E., Major, I. T., Jewell, J. B., Attaran, E., Browse, J., & Howe, G. A. (2016) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants5010007 · Cited by 128
“The shade avoidance syndrome is characterized by rapid growth of stems and petioles, which allows neighboring plants to compete for light [91].”
BackgroundDET1-mediated degradation of a SAGA-like deubiquitination module controls H2Bub homeostasis
Nassrallah, A., Rougée, M., Bourbousse, C., Drevensek, S., Fonseca, S., Iniesto, E., Aït-Mohamed, O., Deton-Cabanillas, A.-F., Zabulon, G., Ahmed, I., et al. (2018) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.37892 · Cited by 125
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“When grown in the canopy density with decreased R/FR ratios of daylight, plants undergo multifaceted adjustments in growth and development, known as the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), increasing a plant’s ability to compete for light and chance of reproductive success (Franklin, 2008; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundPhytochrome Signaling: Time to Tighten up the Loose Ends
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“Light quality regulates many developmental processes in plants such as flowering time, shade avoidance, hypocotyl elongation, and seed germination (Kami et al., 2010; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialde Wit, M., Ljung, K., & Fankhauser, C. (2015) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.13449 · Cited by 112
Phytochrome evolution in 3D: deletion, duplication, and diversification
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“DIVERSIFICATION: SPECIALIZED CIRCUITS AND MASTER REGULATORS Our view of phytochrome has been shaped by its importance in development and shade avoidance for crop plants such as wheat and rice, annuals that grow rapidly from small seeds under the right conditions (Mathews, 2006; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundOn the Developmental and Environmental Regulation of Secondary Metabolism in Vaccinium spp. Berries
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“B to farred (Möglich et al., 2010; Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundMechanisms Underlying the Environmentally Induced Plasticity of Leaf Morphology
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“They include phytochromes, cryptochromes, phototropins and UV RESISTANCE LOCUS (UVR8) (Casal, 2013).”
BackgroundInfluentialCarotenoid Biosynthesis and Plastid Development in Plants: The Role of Light
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“On the contrary, PHYB is active only in R light participating in low-fluence response (LFR) [34,47].”
BackgroundLight Signaling in Bud Outgrowth and Branching in Plants
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Red Light-Regulated Reversible Nuclear Localization of Proteins in Mammalian Cells and Zebrafish
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Systematic analysis of how phytochrome B dimerization determines its specificity
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Responses of Soybean to Selected Abiotic Stresses—Photoperiod, Temperature and Water
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“Canopy light signals perceived by photosensory receptors modulate the extent of these responses [38].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Casal, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (AR)
- Corresponding author
- Casal, Jorge J.
- ORCID
- Casal, Jorge J.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Plant Biology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2013-04-29
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 403-427
- ISSN
- 1543-5008 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2123
- OpenAlex
- W2107201571
- Cited by
- 865
- References
- 144
- Citations by year
- 2026: 81 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 91 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 60 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 51 · 2013: 13
- FWCI
- 5.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Annual Review of Plant Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CONICET Digital (CONICET) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- Universidad de Buenos Aires (CONICET)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Light effects on plants
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Keywords
- shade avoidance, photoreceptors, phytochrome, cryptochrome, phototropin, UVR8, phytochrome-interacting factors, DELLA proteins, gibberellin signaling, brassinosteroid signaling, auxin biosynthesis, COP1, circadian clock, red:far-red ratio, plant light signaling, canopy light environment
- MeSH terms
- Gibberellins, Light, Phytochrome, Plant Growth Regulators, Plants, Signal Transduction, Ecosystem, Photoreceptors, Plant
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