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Double-Stranded RNA Sensors and Modulators in Innate Immunity
Open accessAbstract
Detection of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) is a central mechanism of innate immune defense in many organisms. We here discuss several families of dsRNA-binding proteins involved in mammalian antiviral innate immunity. These include RIG-I-like receptors, protein kinase R, oligoadenylate synthases, adenosine deaminases acting on RNA, RNA interference systems, and other proteins containing dsRNA-binding domains and helicase domains. Studies suggest that their functions are highly interdependent and that their interdependence could offer keys to understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms for cellular dsRNA homeostasis and antiviral immunity. This review aims to highlight their interconnectivity, as well as their commonalities and differences in their dsRNA recognition mechanisms.
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“In addition, it has been revealed that long double-stranded regions may induce unwanted innate immune responses by previous studies27,54,55.”
From Algorithm for optimized mRNA design improves stability and immunogenicity (2023) · cites this paper as [55]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Hur, S.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hur, Sun
- ORCID
- Hur, Sun
- Venue
- Annual Review of Immunology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2019-04-26
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 349-375
- ISSN
- 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-3278
- PMC
- PMC7136661
- OpenAlex
- W2913776187
- Cited by
- 420
- References
- 217
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 61 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 61 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 11
- FWCI
- 4.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
- Francis Crick Institute
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI106912, R01AI111784)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
- Keywords
- double-stranded RNA, innate immunity, antiviral immunity, dsRNA-binding proteins, RIG-I-like receptors, PKR, ADAR, RNA interference, helicase
- MeSH terms
- DEAD Box Protein 58, Animals, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Mammals, Nucleotide Deaminases, RNA, Double-Stranded, Virus Diseases, 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase, eIF-2 Kinase, RNA Interference, Immunomodulation
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