Cited by 124CAR-T cell therapy researchBacterial Cancer TherapyImmunotherapy and Immune Responses

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Synthetic Immunology: Hacking Immune Cells to Expand Their Therapeutic Capabilities

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Roybal, Kole T., Lim, Wendell A.·2017·Annual Review of Immunology

DOI 10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052302PMC PMC5555230

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Abstract

The ability of immune cells to survey tissues and sense pathologic insults and deviations makes them a unique platform for interfacing with the body and disease. With the rapid advancement of synthetic biology, we can now engineer and equip immune cells with new sensors and controllable therapeutic response programs to sense and treat diseases that our natural immune system cannot normally handle. Here we review the current state of engineered immune cell therapeutics and their unique capabilities compared to small molecules and biologics. We then discuss how engineered immune cells are being designed to combat cancer, focusing on how new synthetic biology tools are providing potential ways to overcome the major roadblocks for treatment. Finally, we give a long-term vision for the use of synthetic biology to engineer immune cells as a general sensor-response platform to precisely detect disease, to remodel disease microenvironments, and to treat a potentially wide range of challenging diseases.

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Authors: Roybal, K. T., & Lim, W. A.
Affiliations: University of California, San Francisco (US)
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
ORCID: Roybal, Kole T.
Lim, Wendell A.
Venue: Annual Review of Immunology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2017-04-26
Volume: 35
Issue: 1
Pages: 229-253
ISSN: 0732-0582 (ISSN-L)
1545-3278
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052302
PMC: PMC5555230
OpenAlex: W2609239470
Cited by: 124
References: 118
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6
FWCI: 1.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Annual Review of Immunology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
National Cancer Institute (R01CA196277)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › CAR-T cell therapy research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Bacterial Cancer Therapy
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
Keywords: engineered immune cells, synthetic biology, immune cell engineering, cancer immunotherapy, tumor microenvironment remodeling, cell therapy, disease detection
MeSH terms: Allergy and Immunology, Animals, Genetic Engineering, Humans, Lymphocyte Activation, Neoplasms, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, T-Lymphocytes, Immunotherapy, Adoptive, Cancer Vaccines, Synthetic Biology

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Synthetic Immunology: Hacking Immune Cells to Expand Their Therapeutic Capabilities

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