Early Intervention to Reduce the Global Health and Economic Burden of Major Depression in Older Adults
Open accessAbstract
Randomized trials for selective and indicated prevention of depression in both mixed-aged and older adult samples, conducted in high-income countries (HICs), show that rates of incident depression can be reduced by 20–25% over 1–2 years through the use of psychoeducational and psychological interventions designed to increase protective factors. Recurrence of major depression can also be substantially reduced through both psychological and psychopharmacological strategies. Additional research is needed, however, to address the specific issues of depression prevention in older adults in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The growing number of older adults globally, as well as workforce issues and the expense of interventions, makes it important to develop rational, targeted, and cost-effective risk-reduction strategies. In our opinion, one strategy to address these issues entails the use of lay health counselors (LHCs), a form of task shifting already shown to be effective in the treatment of common mental disorders in LMICs. We suggest in this review that the time is right for research into the translation of depression-prevention strategies for use in LMICs.
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The lifetime suicide rate is 25 times greater in major depression than in the general population, with highest rates among older adults.
“The lifetime suicide rate is 25 times greater in major depression than in the general population, with highest rates amongst older adults196, 197, 198.”
From Mental health care for older adults: recent advances and new directions in clinical practice and research (2022) · cites this paper as [196]
Major depression in older adults presents increasing public health challenges to high-income and low- and middle-income countries, reflecting demographic shifts to older populations and scarcity of treatment resources.
“This condition presents increasing public health challenges to both high‐income and low‐ and middle‐income countries, reflecting demographic shifts to older populations and scarcity of treatment resources195, 196.”
From Mental health care for older adults: recent advances and new directions in clinical practice and research (2022) · cites this paper as [196]
Late-life depression is a mirror of brain aging, a mediator of bad outcomes, and a murderer that leads to dementia and suicide; it is also an unwanted co-traveler with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders.
“In essence, the global public health and clinical burden of depression in old age has three dimensions: it is a mirror of brain aging, a mediator of bad outcomes, and a murderer that leads to dementia and to suicide. It is also an unwanted co‐traveler with the ills of aging: cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disorders195, 196, 197.”
From Mental health care for older adults: recent advances and new directions in clinical practice and research (2022) · cites this paper as [196]
Major depression can be prevented across the life cycle.
“Major depression can be prevented across the life cycle196, 208.”
From Mental health care for older adults: recent advances and new directions in clinical practice and research (2022) · cites this paper as [196]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Reynolds, C. F., Cuijpers, P., Patel, V., Cohen, A., Dias, A., Chowdhary, N., Okereke, O. I., Amanda Dew, M., Anderson, S. J., Mazumdar, S., Lotrich, F., & Albert, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
- Goa Medical College (IN)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- School of Medicine,
- ORCID
- Venue
- Annual Review of Public Health
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2012-04-21
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 123-135
- ISSN
- 0163-7525 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2093
- PMC
- PMC3356692
- OpenAlex
- W2171413723
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- research.vu.nl
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Annual Review of Public Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Academic REpository of VU University Amsterdam (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- University of Pittsburgh (P30 MH090333)
- Wellcome Trust (091834)
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000005, MH091448)
- Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh
- National Institute on Aging (P30AG024827)
- National Institute of Mental Health (P30MH090333, R01MH091448, R01MH083660)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024153)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- major depressive disorder, older adults, depression prevention, early intervention, task shifting, low- and middle-income countries, protective factors, recurrence prevention, psychopharmacological treatment, cost-effectiveness, global health burden, economic burden
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Antidepressive Agents, Community Health Workers, Major Depressive Disorder, Developing Countries, Humans, Mental Health Services, Preventive Health Services, Primary Prevention, Public Health, Global Health, Cost of Illness, Risk Assessment, Developed Countries, Early Medical Intervention
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