The DOI matches its Crossref record; 105 of the 105 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 25 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas
Open accessAbstract
Defines intersectionality as a knowledge project attentive to power relations and notes that race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, nation, ability, and age are reciprocally constructing phenomena.
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Claims the paper makes
62 Own interpretation · 13 Sources not found · 13 No basis given · 8 No full text of the sources · 3 Not checked yet
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In the paper
“The growth and institutionalization of intersectionality can also be measured by the arrival of undergraduate readers whose purpose is to introduce intersectionality to students and the lay public.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > TRAVELING LIGHT? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FIELD OF STUDY
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In the paper
“in a postgenomic age, the resurgence of race in science, law, and medicine points to the resiliency of biological understandings of race within contemporary racial projects of science itself, typically without racially discriminatory intent (Duster 2015).”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Duster 2015 source
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In the paper
“African American intellectual production has a storied history of protesting both the social structural dimensions of racism and the cultural representations of people of African descent (Kelley 2002).”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Kelley 2002
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In the paper
“contemporary color-blind racism constitutes a differently organized yet equally powerful racial formation that manages to replicate racial hierarchies, often without overt attention to race itself”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bonilla-Silva 2003
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Brown et al. 2003
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plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“this theory makes room for multiple interpretive communities.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Instead, Black feminism's immediate concern in the United States was to empower African American women through critical analyses of how mutually constructing systems of oppression of race, class, gender, and sexuality framed the social issues and social inequalities that Black women faced.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > The Case of US Black Feminism
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“in the United States, the racial formation of color-conscious racism has relied on a deep-seated logic of segregation that was applied to all aspects of social structures and cultural representations.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“Such groups find intellectual and political space within racial formation theory for the group-based knowledge of racial projects that oppose racial hierarchy and racial inequality (Collins 1998a, pp. 201-28).”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Collins 1998a
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Through its analysis of racial projects, racial formation theory can account for change in ways that retain the agency of individual human actors and group-based action.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Racial formation theory offers social actors guidance as to how their individual and collective actions matter in shaping racial inequality.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Several special editions of journals have also been devoted to various aspects of intersectionality as a field of study.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > TRAVELING LIGHT? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FIELD OF STUDY
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Monographs too numerous to cite here use the term intersectionality, as well as various combinations of the terms race, class, gender, ethnicity, sexuality, and ability in their titles”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > TRAVELING LIGHT? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FIELD OF STUDY
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“By the early 2000s, heightened interest in intersectionality fostered a blizzard of journal articles, special editions to journals, edited volumes, and undergraduate anthologies.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > TRAVELING LIGHT? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FIELD OF STUDY
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Intersectionality's increasing acceptance as a field of study within the academy is clearly evident.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > TRAVELING LIGHT? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FIELD OF STUDY
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In the paper
“Because it conceptualizes race as situated within the recursive relationship between social structures and cultural representations, racial formation theory conflates neither discourses about race”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Omi & Winant 2014(1994) source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Whereas racial formation theory (ironically, itself a knowledge project) focuses on racism as a mono-categorical system of power, intersectionality examines social formations of multiple, complex social inequalities.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In this regard, Black feminism as a knowledge project was both situated within the specific context of the United States and connected to broader, global social justice concerns (Collins 2000, pp. 227-50).”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > The Case of US Black Feminism
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Collins 2000, pp. 227-50
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Eugenics arguments fell out of favor in the post-World War II era, suggesting that counterarguments claiming that race was socially constructed with no connections to biology had prevailed.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“(a) intersectionality as a field of study that is situated within the power relations that it studies”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The broader knowledge project provides a set of ideas that provide moments of definitional consensus.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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In the paper
“Within racial formation theory, ideas matter, not simply as hegemonic ideologies produced by elites but also as tangible, multiple knowledge projects that are advanced by specific interpretive communities.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Omi & Winant 2014(1994) source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“racial formation theory conflates neither discourses about race (e.g., racial meanings, representations, and social identities) nor the power relations in which racial meanings are situated.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Omi & Winant 2014(1994) source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“(b) intersectionality as an analytical strategy that provides new angles of vision on social phenomena”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“within this overarching umbrella, intersectionality can also be profitably conceptualized as a constellation of knowledge projects that change in relation to one another in tandem with changes in the interpretive communities that advance them.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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In the paper
“Intersectionality can be conceptualized as an overarching knowledge project whose changing contours grow from and respond to social formations of complex social inequalities”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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In the paper
“I analyze intersectionality as a knowledge project whose raison d'être lies in its attentiveness to power relations and social inequalities.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > Abstract
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- Rests on an assumption: Race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, nation, ability, and age operate not as unitary, mutually exclusive entities, but as reciprocally constructing phenomena that shape complex social inequalities.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because groups aim to have their interpretations of racial inequality prevail, knowledge lies at the heart of racial projects.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Overarching intersectional frameworks have been so successful because they remain broad and unspecified.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the eugenics projects that advanced widely accepted scientific knowledge about race had significant impact on the public policies of the United States, Germany, and many nation-states.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“The strength of racial formation theory lies in how it links specific knowledge projects (racial projects) with historically constructed power relations (racial formations).”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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In the paper
“Linking power with knowledge, the construct of community provides an important framework for understanding the interpretive communities that advance intersectionality's many knowledge projects.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Collins 2010
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Knowledge projects are not free-floating phenomena; they are grounded in specific sociological processes experienced by actual people.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because understanding racial inequality remains central to racial formation theory, it provides intellectual and political space for subordinated social groups such as African Americans, Latinos, Asians, and indigenous peoples.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“(c) intersectionality as critical praxis that informs social justice projects”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“A sociology of knowledge framework suggests that knowledge-including knowledge aimed at better understanding intersectionality-is socially constructed and transmitted, legitimated, and reproduced.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Balibar 2007
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Berger & Luckmann 1966
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- Not matchedcites Foucault 1980
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hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“intersectional knowledge projects typically focus on three interdependent concerns.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“The third focal point emphasizes intersectionality as a form of critical praxis, especially its connections with social justice.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“Yet despite these efforts, the richness of these knowledge projects rarely make it into the legitimated canon of established fields.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“They provide the illusion that the constellation of smaller knowledge projects can be uncritically categorized under intersectionality's big tent umbrella.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
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A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet intersectionality goes farther than this mono-system analysis, introducing a greater level of complexity into conceptualizing inequality.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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In the paper
“Racial formations have distinctive configurations of racial projects for which interest groups advance various interpretations of racial inequality.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Omi & Winant 2014(1994) source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
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Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The first focal point makes intersectionality as a field of study the object of investigation.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Intersectionality can build on this foundation by moving beyond a mono-categorical focus on racial inequality to encompass multiple forms of inequality that are organized via a similar logic.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet the sets of practitioners that lay claim to intersectionality via multiple cross-cutting and competitive intersectional knowledge projects reveal a lack of consensus about intersectionality's history, current organization, and future directions.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Historically constructed, ever-changing racial formations organize racialized groups, the specific patterns of racial inequality that link racialized populations, and social problems that ensue.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Omi & Winant 2014(1994) source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Just as racial formations change in response to racial projects, racial projects change in relation to changing racial formations.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Intersectionality faces a particular definitional dilemma-it participates in the very power relations that it examines and, as a result, must pay special attention to the conditions that make its knowledge claims comprehensible.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Intersectionality's definitional dilemma occurs in this intellectual and political space.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > RACIAL FORMATION THEORY, KNOWLEDGE PROJECTS, AND INTERSECTIONALITY
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Second, there is the need for better assessments of pain, suffering, and injury.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
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- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In scholarly settings, the critical dimensions of Davis's work open her up to accusations of bias-her analyses of capitalism, neoliberalism, racism, and prisons can read as too polemical and therefore unscholarly.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Intersectionality is not simply a field of study to be mastered or an analytical strategy for understanding; rather, intersectionality as critical praxis sheds light on the doing of social justice work.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
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Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet critical scholarship linked to critical practice such as this is also part of a broader intersectional knowledge project that increasingly transcends the traditional boundaries of academic projects.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For these scholar-activists, intersectionality as a form of critical praxis made sense for their social justice projects aimed at remedying complex social inequalities.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
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- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, the underemphasis on intersectionality as critical praxis within academia most likely reflects efforts to avoid the implicit political implications of intersectionality itself.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Scholars may know less about intersectionality as critical praxis simply because they fail to look for it.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet because the protected categories gain meaning only in relation to one another, actualizing human rights means transcending the limitations of a strictly legal statement of human rights.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Rests on an assumption: The protected categories in human rights gain meaning only in relation to one another.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Holding fast to the creativity of this dynamic area of inquiry and practice yet finding a common language that will be useful to its practitioners is the cutting-edge definitional dilemma for intersectionality.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In contrast, in activist venues searching for a critical analysis of social inequality, these same ideas remain wellreceived, precisely because her work remains critical.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, human rights requires more effective tools for identifying the kinds of distinctions that constitute discrimination.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet on the basis of their respective agendas, activist and scholarly circles can interpret Davis's intellectual production differently.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Women's studies assumed an important leadership role by enabling gender scholars who were spread across various disciplines to gather, compare, and contrast the study of women within their distinctive disciplines, and then migrate back into those very same disciplines with this new knowledge.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > From Race/Class/Gender Studies to Intersectionality
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Davis's stature as a public intellectual has provided a platform for her ideas, making it difficult if not impossible to exclude them from academic venues.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“For example, Canadian activist Harsha Walia's (2013) analysis of border imperialism is written for, not about, activists.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Walia 2013
plainSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Despite intersectionality's ongoing definitional ambiguities, intersectionality as a field of study has catalyzed a copious outpouring of new knowledge, much of it produced by researchers, faculty members, and students who use intersectionality as an analytical strategy.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > PRODUCING NEW KNOWLEDGE: INTERSECTIONALITY AS AN ANALYTICAL STRATEGY
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This underemphasis may be due in part because these areas valorize studying or writing about intersectionality over practicing it.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mission statements from the IBPA illustrate the aspirations of social actors who wish to bring intersectionality into public policy areas:”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This rhetorical strategy of mentioning one African American woman as intersectionality's foremother fosters a collective ritual that legitimates this particular origin story.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > From Race/Class/Gender Studies to Intersectionality
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The ideas expressed in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights bear a strong family resemblance to strands of intersectionality that are aligned with social justice initiatives.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Despite the intellectual richness of Crenshaw's work, contemporary narratives of the emergence of intersectionality rarely situate her work within this crucial historical juncture linking knowledge projects from social movements advanced by women of color with the institutionalization of race/class/gender studies.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > From Race/Class/Gender Studies to Intersectionality
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“As Carbado (2013) points out,”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Carbado 2013 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In this context, intersectionality as a knowledge project faces the fundamental challenge of sustaining its critical edge.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Practitioners are often frontline actors for solving social problems that are clearly linked to complex social inequalities, a social location that predisposes them to respond to intersectionality as critical praxis.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Teachers, social workers, parents, policy advocates, university support staff, community organizers, clergy, lawyers, graduate students, and nurses often have an up close and personal relationship to violence, homelessness, hunger, illiteracy, poverty, sexual assault, and similar phenomena.
In the paper
“For example, Simon Fraser University's Intersectionality-Based Policy Analysis (IBPA) initiative, housed at the Institute for Intersectionality Research and Policy, aims to generate research with direct applicability to Canadian health policy.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Hankivsky 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Intersectionality as a knowledge project remained unnamed as such during the 1980s, the major decade when its ideas but not its name were incorporated into the US academy.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > From Race/Class/Gender Studies to Intersectionality
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“For example, from her pathbreaking work on women, race, and class to her sustained attention to prison abolition, the storied career of Angela Davis (1981Davis ( , 2012) ) speaks to a sustained engagement with intersectionality as critical praxis.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Davis 1981
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Davis 2012
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaincorrelationalSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The value of critical praxis reflects the norms of any given interpretive community.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This connection between social justice and remedying complex social inequalities seems more prominent outside academic settings than within them.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Increasingly, intersectionality's ideas can travel across diverse interpretive communities, a shift that has important implications for intersectionality as critical praxis.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Intersectionality potentially helps address three main concerns.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Her book is unlikely to be selected for ASA sessions on”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The third concern is the search for appropriate reparations and remedies to victims of human rights abuses.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Practitioners who would be drawn to intersectionality as critical praxis seek knowledge projects that take a stand; such projects would critique social injustices that characterize complex social inequalities, imagine alternatives, and/or propose viable action strategies for change.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Despite its ubiquity, intersectionality as critical praxis remains underemphasized within intersectionality as a field of study and within scholarship that draws on intersectionality as an analytical strategy.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Because public health remains connected to the practices of health care professionals, the challenge for this field lies in integrating intersectional frameworks into both health care delivery practices and public policies.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Rests on an assumption: Public health remains connected to the practices of health care professionals.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Yet groups such as these have a vested interest in drawing upon intersectional frameworks to address social inequalities.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Local, grassroots, small-scale, and/or temporary groups that draw upon intersectionality to guide their critical praxis are typically composed of society's overlooked populations: the young, women, people of color, and poor people.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Despite the visibility of scholars as the public face of intersectionality, practitioners such as hip-hop poets, Afro-Brazilian feminists, IBPA scholar-activists, and intellectual activists such as Angela Davis and Harsha Walia may be equally if not more likely to put forth the innovative, cutting-edge intersectional analyses that will advance the field.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The changing political economy of publishing and social media provides new venues for circulating intersectional analyses both outside and inside academia.”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > WHAT'S AT STAKE? INTERSECTIONALITY AS A FORM OF CRITICAL PRAXIS
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“It not only contained an explicit analysis of the interconnectedness of race, class, gender, and sexuality as systems of power, but also constituted one defining moment for the emergence of race/class/gender studies and its subsequent renaming as intersectionality (Collins 2000).”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > The Case of US Black Feminism
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Collins 2000
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper relies on this without support.
Race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, nation, ability, and age operate not as unitary, mutually exclusive entities, but as reciprocally constructing phenomena that shape complex social inequalities.
“The term intersectionality references the critical insight that race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, nation, ability, and age operate not as unitary, mutually exclusive entities, but as reciprocally constructing phenomena that in turn shape complex social inequalities.”
The paper relies on this without support.
A general consensus exists about intersectionality's general contours.
“By now, a general consensus exists about intersectionality's general contours.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Teachers, social workers, parents, policy advocates, university support staff, community organizers, clergy, lawyers, graduate students, and nurses often have an up close and personal relationship to violence, homelessness, hunger, illiteracy, poverty, sexual assault, and similar phenomena.
“Teachers, social workers, parents, policy advocates, university support staff, community organizers, clergy, lawyers, graduate students, and nurses often have an up close and personal relationship to violence, homelessness, hunger, illiteracy, poverty, sexual assault, and similar phenomena.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Local, grassroots, small-scale, and/or temporary groups that draw upon intersectionality to guide their critical praxis are typically composed of society's overlooked populations: the young, women, people of color, and poor people.
“Typically, these groups are composed of society's overlooked populations, specifically the young, women, people of color, and poor people.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Public health remains connected to the practices of health care professionals.
“Because public health remains connected to the practices of health care professionals, the challenge for this field lies in integrating intersectional frameworks into both health care delivery practices and public policies.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The protected categories in human rights gain meaning only in relation to one another.
“Yet because the protected categories gain meaning only in relation to one another, actualizing human rights means transcending the limitations of a strictly legal statement of human rights.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Intersectionality theory suggests that people experience multiple forms of stigma in interlocking systems and structures of oppressive power.9”
From An acceptance-based, intersectional stigma coping intervention for people with HIV who inject drugs—a randomized clinical trial (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > The Case of US Black Feminism
“Toni Morrison's (1971Morrison's ( , 1987Morrison's ( , 1992) ) books The Bluest Eye and Beloved”
§ Intersectionality's Definitional Dilemmas > References
“Morrison T. 1970. The Bluest Eye. New York: Vintage Books”
Citations
Cites
Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color
Crenshaw, K. (1991) · Stanford Law Review · doi:10.2307/1229039 · Cited by 32,792
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Self-citationThe social construction of reality : a treatise in the sociology of knowledge
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The Complexity of Intersectionality
McCall, L. (2005) · Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society · doi:10.1086/426800 · Cited by 6,682
The Study of Boundaries in the Social Sciences
Lamont, M., & Molnár, V. (2002) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.28.110601.141107 · Cited by 5,446
This bridge called my back : writings by radical women of color
Moraga, C. L., & ANZALDÚA, G. E. (2015) · Cited by 4,964
Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis
Cho, S., Crenshaw, K. W., & McCall, L. (2013) · Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society · doi:10.1086/669608 · Cited by 4,126
Racial Formation in the United States
Omi, M., & Winant, H. (2014) · doi:10.4324/9780203076804 · Cited by 3,510
Research works printed but not linked: 15
- Acker J, 1999, Revisioning Gender, 44
- Balibar E, 2007, The Philosophy of Marx
- Davis AY, 2012, The Meaning of Freedom and Other Difficult Dialogues
- Dill BT. 2009. Intersections, identities, and inequalities in higher education. See Dill & Zambrana 2009, pp. 229–52
- Dotson K, 2013, Soc. Epistemol., 14, 1
- Freeman M, 2011, Human Rights
- Goldberg SB, 2009, Intersectionality and Beyond: Law, Power and the Politics of Location, 124
- Grossberg L, 1996, Critical Dialogues in Cultural Studies, 131
- Guidroz K, 2009, The Intersectional Approach: Transforming the Academy Through Race, Class and Gender, 61
- Hankivsky O, 2012, An Intersectionality-Based Policy Analysis Framework
- Morrison T, 1970, The Bluest Eye
- Morrison T, 1987, Beloved
- Parker J, Samantrai R. 2010. Interdisciplinarity and social justice: an introduction. See Parker et al. 2010, pp. 1–33
- Peterson VS, 2007, Race Gender Class, 14, 10
- Wells-Barnett IB, 2002, On Lynchings
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,401–1,500 of 2,358
LA INCLUSIÓN COMO PROYECTO DE CONOCIMIENTO EN RESISTENCIA
Centro de Estudios Latinoamericanos de Educación Inclusiva (CELEI), C., & González, A. O. (2012) · Revista Espacio I+D Innovación más Desarrollo · doi:10.31644/imasd.26.2021.a02 · Cited by 2
Mackenbach, J. P. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198831419.003.0006 · Cited by 2
Gesualdo, J. (2016) · uO Research (University of Ottawa) · doi:10.20381/ruor-340 · Cited by 2
“She concludes that intersectionality “faces the fundamental challenge of sustaining its critical edge” (Collins, 2015, p. 17) as the definitional dilemma of intersectionality is based on its creativity of the area of inquiry, while determining a common language that will be useful to its users.”
InfluentialAccountability for Health Equity: Galvanising a Movement for Universal Health Coverage
Nelson, E. M., Bloom, G., & Shankland, A. (2018) · IDS Bulletin · doi:10.19088/1968-2018.127 · Cited by 2
Hoxhaj, R., & Zuccotti, C. V. (2019) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3393555 · Cited by 2
“However, as the literature on intersectionality has highlighted for the analysis of class, gender and race inequalities (Crenshaw, 1991; Collins, 2015; Zuccotti and O’Reilly, 2018), it is often the case that some relationships hold – or become stronger or milder – for some specific groups or in…”
BackgroundDiTecco, D. (2020) · doi:10.22215/etd/2020-14051 · Cited by 2
Book Review: We are the Leaders We'Ve Been Waiting for: Women and Leadership Development in College
Irwin, L. N. (2020) · Journal of Leadership Studies · doi:10.1002/jls.21708 · Cited by 2
Towards an Economic Sociology of RacePreprint
Hirschman, D., & Garbes, L. (2019) · SocArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/jrktq · Cited by 3
Knoop, J. (2019) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2019-13708 · Cited by 2
Dunbar, A. W., Corble, A. R., Howard, N. M., Birch, S., Centeno, V., & Shabrack, A. D. (2022) · Education for Information · doi:10.3233/efi-220059 · Cited by 3
“…and made significant impact in education studies and a range of sociological and related disciplines (Annamma et al., 2013; Brayboy, 2005; Collins, 1989, 2015; Leung & López-McKnight, 2020; Smith et al., 2011; Solorzano, 1998; Solorzano & Huber, 2020; Solorzano & Yosso, 2001; Valdes,…”
BackgroundCompanion Animals and Domestic Violence
Giesbrecht, C. J., Stevenson, R., Zmud, L., & Fletcher, A. J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-85493-5_291-1 · Cited by 2
Feminist Praxis: The Michigan Meeting on Ending Gender-Based Violence
Larance, L. Y., Armstrong, E. A., Munro‐Kramer, M. L., Sheridan-Fulton, E., Kusunoki, Y., Ngo, Q., Fincher, S., & Denson, N. (2019) · Affilia · doi:10.1177/0886109919836096 · Cited by 1
“…that, “Intersectionality references the critical insight that race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, nation, ability, and age operate not as unitary, mutually exclusive entities, but as reciprocally constructing phenomena that in turn shape complex social inequalities” (Collins, 2015, p. 2).”
BackgroundPerforming intersectional identity work over time: the historic case of Viola Turner
Portie, M. M., Marshall, D. R., Novičević, M. M., Mills, A. J., & Lugar, C. W. (2021) · Journal of Management History · doi:10.1108/jmh-02-2021-0011 · Cited by 2
Mackenbach, J. P. (2019) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198831419.003.0003 · Cited by 1
King, G., & Odartey‐Wellington, F. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Communication · doi:10.3138/cjc.2022-0046 · Cited by 1
Kirkwood, S., Mullins, E., McCulloch, T., et al. (2022) · The British Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcac221 · Cited by 1
Intersectionality and food consumption: a roundtable
Wahlen, S., Plessz, M., Dean, W. R., et al. (2023) · Consumption and Society · doi:10.1332/cqkw6251 · Cited by 1
Thornton, M. C., & Tischauser, J. (2023) · The Communication Review · doi:10.1080/10714421.2023.2194229 · Cited by 1
“…slights a complex intersectionality and hides greater complications within the working class label (Carbado, Crenshaw, Mays, & Tomlinson, 2013; Collins, 2015), one that points to the interlocking of ascribed and assigned identities that inform social hierarchies and are used to distribute…”
BackgroundRoger, K. S. (2023) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1001897 · Cited by 1
Conciliação Trabalho-Família: Desafios de Líderes Pais e Mães em Home Office na Pandemia
Reis, L. D. S., & Mourão, L. (2022) · Revista Psicologia Organizações e Trabalho · doi:10.5935/rpot/2022.4.24359 · Cited by 1
“Assim, gênero e raça se interseccionam gerando uma posição mais difícil para as mulheres não brancas (P. H. Collins, 2015; Lugones, 2008).”
InfluentialAppleton, C. J., Shifrer, D., & Rebellon, C. J. (2023) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/02724316231223531 · Cited by 1
“Drawing on the theoretical perspective of intersectionality, we view race and gender as mutually constructing categories that shape and in fl uence systems of power (Collins, 2015).”
Bildung im Kontext von Flucht und Migration
Fritzsche, B., Khakpour, N., Riegel, C., et al. (2024) · transcript Verlag eBooks · doi:10.1515/9783839463116 · Cited by 1
“You Are Not There Yet to Think Creatively”
Liu, L. (2024) · Departures in Critical Qualitative Research · doi:10.1525/dcqr.2024.13.1.22 · Cited by 1
Tabler, J., Golladay, K. A., Snyder, J. A., & Painter, M. A. (2024) · Crime & Delinquency · doi:10.1177/00111287241245344 · Cited by 1
“Intersectionality argues that systems of inequality—such as race/ethnicity, class, and gender—interlock to uniquely pattern individual access to resources, opportunities, and exposure to stigma and violence (Collins, 2015).”
Chan, C. D., & Litam, S. D. A. (2024) · Journal of LGBTQ Issues in Counseling · doi:10.1080/26924951.2024.2326617 · Cited by 1
Sepúlveda, C. A. B., Córdova, C. P., Martínez, E. S., & Pavez, V. T. (2024) · Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs · doi:10.1111/1471-3802.12674 · Cited by 2
El privilegio en juego : clase, raza, género y golf en México
Ceron‐Anaya, H. (2024) · CLACSO eBooks · doi:10.54871/ca24p05o · Cited by 1
Molina, S. L., & Meijer, L. (2024) · GENDER – Zeitschrift für Geschlecht Kultur und Gesellschaft · doi:10.3224/gender.v16i2.04 · Cited by 1
Omorodion, F., Onokerhoraye, A. G., Eronmhonsele, J. I., et al. (2024) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci13060320 · Cited by 1
Bernardo, F. R., Bastos, J. L., & Reichenheim, M. E. (2024) · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia · doi:10.1590/1980-549720240038.2 · Cited by 1
Empowering Women through Social Entrepreneurship: Case Studies from India
Nidhan, N., Singh, B. K., Maurya, R., & Verma, A. (2024) · Management Insight - The Journal of Incisive Analysers · doi:10.21844/mijia.19.2.5 · Cited by 1
Intersecting Identities: Graduate Teaching Assistant Experiences in the Academy
Jackson, J. R. (2024) · The Educational Forum · doi:10.1080/00131725.2024.2374311 · Cited by 2
“…as a framework is powerful because it “draws attention to the policies, practices outcomes of institutional racism and discrimination” (Collins, 2015, p. 8) and does so in a layered multifaceted way to acknowledge the complex interactions of race, class, gender, and other individual…”
Desigualdades raciais para além do paradigma
França, D. (2024) · Tempo Social · doi:10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2024.223183 · Cited by 1
“A proposição de Crenshaw reverbera críticas veiculadas principalmente pelas feministas negras (mas não só) ao feminismo (mas também aos movimentos negros) (Collins, 2015).”
BackgroundWhat is social science if not critical?
Baćević, J. (2024) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1111/1468-4446.13142 · Cited by 1
Breaking Barriers, Building Bridges
Sachdeva, A., & Finuf, K. D. (2024) · Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-4256-5.ch002 · Cited by 1
The search for good governance in Chile: tensions and challenges from indigenous women’s perspective
Huencho, V. F. (2024) · Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies / Revue canadienne des études latino-américaines et caraïbes · doi:10.1080/08263663.2024.2421121 · Cited by 1
(Re)membering Home(lands): Generative Analysis of Human Displacement in Children's Literature
Strekalova‐Hughes, E., Peterman, N., & Minaya, R. (2024) · Reading Research Quarterly · doi:10.1002/rrq.588 · Cited by 1
Briere, J., Runtz, M., Villeneuve, É., & Godbout, N. (2024) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/08862605241301791 · Cited by 1
“This single SDM approach can underestimate some instances of SDM when several types intersect for the same individual—for example, someone who identifies as female, gay, and/or a person of color (see Bryant-Davis, 2019; Collins, 2015; for a discussion of intersectionality ).”
KESİŞİMSELLİK PARADİGMASI ÇERÇEVESİNDE FEMİNİST YAKLAŞIMLARIN FARKLILIKLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Akülkü, H. (2024) · Akademik Hassasiyetler · doi:10.58884/akademik-hassasiyetler.1451707 · Cited by 4
Kailemia, P. N., & Mukami, V. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2023-083848 · Cited by 2
“20 21 Furthermore, a recent systematic review suggests that adopting an inter-sectional lens in cancer care has the potential to promote multidimensional and holistic care across the cancer continuum.”
White Psychotherapists: Whiteness and the Lack of Racial Literacy for Attending Black Patients
Marques, S. S., Saratt, M. M., Santana, J. P., & Habigzang, L. F. (2025) · Trends in Psychology · doi:10.1007/s43076-025-00435-1 · Cited by 1
“In psychology, understanding that life experiences are influenced by the interaction of race and other social markers allows us to consider different levels of oppression: interpersonal, social, political, and economic (Collins, 2015).”
Echeverria, A. (2025) · Annals of Anthropological Practice · doi:10.1111/napa.70000 · Cited by 1
Jo, H., Narayanan, P., Bharadwaj, S., & Sinha, M. (2025) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2025.106959 · Cited by 3
Routes to STEM: toward making science education more accessible and inclusive
James, K. A., & James, C. E. (2025) · Race Ethnicity and Education · doi:10.1080/13613324.2025.2474942 · Cited by 1
“…generation (in terms of citizenship), and ability all intersect and reciprocally shape the specific experiences of individuals as they navigate institutional and societal structures embedded within social inequities (Collins 2015; Gillborn 2015; James 2021; Ovink et al. 2024; Puente et al. 2021).”
Factionalized Mobilization: Development Paradigm Shifts and Marginalization in Colombia
García-Montoya, L., Gómez, D. I. G., & Chang, A. (2025) · Studies in Comparative International Development · doi:10.1007/s12116-024-09456-w · Cited by 1
Ignorance, resistance, and strategy: Intersectional absences in British environmentalism
Hiraide, L. A. (2025) · The British Journal of Politics and International Relations · doi:10.1177/13691481251324109 · Cited by 3
“But Collins (2015) emphasises the real-world implications of intersectionality, arguing that intersectionality is principally about political organising and concrete social justice work (p. 16).”
Oliver, A.-M., Liverpool, S., & Karkou, V. (2024) · Dramatherapy · doi:10.1386/dj_00021_1 · Cited by 1
Sisco, S. T., Carter, A. D., Verret, D., Sim, E., & Bohonos, J. W. (2025) · Human Resource Development Review · doi:10.1177/15344843251331660 · Cited by 1
“…examined through an intersectional perspective, which is an ideology that acknowledges that social identities such as gender, race/ethnicity, age, nationality, sexual orientation, (dis)ability, and others are interconnected and in fl uence individual experiences (Collins, 2015; Crenshaw, 1989).”
Intersectionality In Global Feminism: Cultural Perspectives On Gender-Based Discrimination
Khan, D. A. M. (2025) · Annual Methodological Archive Research Review · doi:10.63075/rsy34251 · Cited by 1
Maake, T. B. (2025) · Journal of Homosexuality · doi:10.1080/00918369.2025.2501409 · Cited by 1
“Male-dominated organizations are often marked by heterosexual masculine ideals, where heterosexual masculine identities are dominant, shaping acceptable gender expressions within heteronormative occupational cultures (J. C. Collins, 2015; Covin, 2015; Maake, 2023).”
InfluentialBefore, During, and After Gender
Harris, O. J. T., & Robb, J. (2025) · Current Anthropology · doi:10.1086/735735 · Cited by 1
Quadflieg, N. R., Batchati, P., Träbert, A., Leidgens, E., Juckel, G., Gather, J., Yeboah, A., & Faissner, M. (2025) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/10497323251325793 · Cited by 2
“It offers a lens to understand speci fi c experiences of discrimination in relationship to structural conditions of social injustice, and can serve as an analytical and methodological tool within research projects (Hill Collins, 2015).”
Jaehn, P., Rach, S., Bolte, G., Mikolajczyk, R., Merz, S., Herrera-Espejel, P. S., Brand, T., Führer, A., Berger, K., Teismann, H., et al. (2025) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-025-02521-3 · Cited by 1
Child welfare inequalities in an egalitarian nation: A Norwegian cohort study
Hemler, M. E. (2025) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108372 · Cited by 2
O’Dell, J. (2025) · Leisure/Loisir · doi:10.1080/14927713.2025.2503180 · Cited by 1
Balasa, R., Khan, M., Gesink, D., Forman, L., Azzopardi, C., & Perez‐Brumer, A. (2025) · Child Protection and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.chipro.2025.100190 · Cited by 2
Palacio, M. M. A. (2025) · Revista Guatemalteca de Educación Superior · doi:10.46954/revistages.v8i1.161 · Cited by 1
Reimagining rangeland research: Feminist standpoint theory meets rangeland social science
Barkat, Z., Ryder, S., & Ulrich‐Schad, J. D. (2025) · Rangelands · doi:10.1016/j.rala.2025.05.002 · Cited by 2
No one wants to be a good patient: Intersectionality and agency in the sick role
Lu, W. (2025) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118372 · Cited by 1
Mitigating Health Disparities Through Empathetic Policymaking During Times of Crisis
Pang, Y., Keegan, B., & McDougle, R. D. (2025) · Public Administration and Development · doi:10.1002/pad.70012 · Cited by 1
Supporting Black Women in Counselor Education Through Holistic Writing Retreats
Lee, A. T., Haskins, N., Wright, G. G., Williams, B. A., Gaines, B., Jones, J. M., & Smith, A. R. (2025) · Counselor Education and Supervision · doi:10.1002/ceas.70003 · Cited by 3
Bursztyn, M., Rocha, J. D., Nogueira, D. G. D. M., et al. (2025) · Estudos Avançados · doi:10.1590/s0103-4014.202539114.007 · Cited by 1
Hoy, S., Lunde, C., Larsson, H., Ekblom, Ö. B., Helgadóttir, B., & Nyberg, G. (2025) · Sport Education and Society · doi:10.1080/13573322.2025.2531381 · Cited by 1
“Importantly, Collins (2015) notes that using intersectionality perspectives puts the attention towards power relations and how they (re)produce social inequalities.”
Perspectives on Career Advancement Among African American Women Leaders in STEM: A Single Case Study
Nelson-Buchanon, M., Bone, B. P., Levitt, K. J., & Lao, T. M. (2025) · Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management · doi:10.21818/001c.142914 · Cited by 2
Overlooked and underserved: How inclusive education oversights exclude Black students
Jean‐Pierre, J. (2025) · Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs · doi:10.1111/1471-3802.70036 · Cited by 2
Fluctuating futures: coming of age in the biggest social housing neighbourhood in Milan
Grassi, P. (2025) · Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute · doi:10.1111/1467-9655.14314 · Cited by 1
Eastham, R., McDermott, E., McNulty, F., Hughes, E. A., Johnson, K., Davis, S., Pryjmachuk, S., Mateus, C., & Jenzen, O. (2025) · Feminism & Psychology · doi:10.1177/09593535251372600 · Cited by 1
Sexual harassment and abuse in the equine sector
Johansson, S., Sølvberg, N., Strandbu, Å., Broms, L., & Hedenborg, S. (2025) · International Review for the Sociology of Sport · doi:10.1177/10126902251384141 · Cited by 2
“As a theoretical, methodological, and analytical framework, intersectionality has been widely applied across disciplines and research areas (Bauer et al., 2021; Collins, 2015).”
Fante-Coleman, T., Plowman, S., Chira, M. K., Booker, M., & Gabbidon, T. (2025) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-025-13250-2 · Cited by 1
“Intersectionality began as a critique of white feminism [15], and is rooted in an understanding that Black women were not always fully included within it.”
InfluentialLecours, A., Drolet, A.-A., Bellehumeur-Béchamp, L., Drolet, M.-J., Vincent, C., Turcotte, S., & Léonard, D. (2025) · Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/00084174251383837 · Cited by 1
“…un sujet lié aux caractéristiques identitaires et que l ’ examen de la portée repose en partie sur l ’ interprétation des écrits scienti fi ques, il est essentiel de prendre en compte la composition de notre équipe, puisque celle-ci peut in fl uencer les résultats que nous proposons (Collins, 2015).”
BAHAR, N. T., Tahmaseb-McConatha, J., & Lang, F. R. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24954-9 · Cited by 1
“These intersections play critical roles in shaping overall mental health and can contribute to an increased understanding of differences in later-life depression, particularly those related to ethnicity and immigration [33].”
Zhang, X., Slopen, N. B., Binns, A. A., & Cuevas, A. G. (2025) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2025.107682 · Cited by 1
Bullock, L. (2025) · Politics & Gender · doi:10.1017/s1743923x25100469 · Cited by 2
Rogalin, C. L., & Addison, S. M. (2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0882-614520250000042002 · Cited by 1
Methodological Habitus: Complicating Categories, Taxonomies, and Scientism in Archaeology
Prince, J. A. R., Quave, K. E., Hu, D., & Chiou, K. L. (2025) · Journal of Field Archaeology · doi:10.1080/00934690.2025.2582385 · Cited by 1
“Intersectionality has left the disciplinary and activist confines within which it was developed, allowing for greater possibilities but also presenting definitional problems (Collins 2015).”
Social entrepreneurship in Africa: A systematic multilevel literature review
Littlewood, D. C., Ciambotti, G., & Sottini, A. C. M. (2025) · Africa Journal of Management · doi:10.1080/23322373.2025.2574206 · Cited by 3
“…such African social entrepreneurs, scholars might apply relatively underutilized theories and perspectives, for example intersectional theory (Collins, 2015; Qureshi et al., 2023) to help us understand how varied overlapping advantages and disadvantages support or inhibit African social…”
Dlamini, J. N., & Mnguni, P. P. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05973-4_4 · Cited by 1
Zheng, H., Huang, J. X., & Sherraden, M. W. (2025) · Journal of Economics Race and Policy · doi:10.1007/s41996-025-00180-8 · Cited by 1
Measuring leadership language: faculty leadership LIWC dictionary validation study
Rizzuto, T. E., Manongsong, A. M., Aubin, A. S., Jeong, S., Spitzmueller, C., & Madera, J. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2025.1572933 · Cited by 1
Gaviria, S. L., Alarcón, R. D., Lucio, M., et al. (2025) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.rcpeng.2024.04.004 · Cited by 1
From Collective to Connective Identity: Digital Feminism and the Transformation of the Fourth Wave
Madadli, G. (2025) · Przegląd Politologiczny · doi:10.14746/pp.2025.30.3.20 · Cited by 1
“This conflict highlights a broader definitional challenge where intersectionality’s flexibility with various social categories both enriches and compli - cates feminist mobilization (Collins, 2015).”
Tlaiss, H. A., Khanin, D., & Mahto, R. V. (2025) · Journal of Small Business Management · doi:10.1080/00472778.2025.2587130 · Cited by 1
“Following intersectionality theory (Collins, 2015, 2017), we encouraged participants to articulate their personal experiences of systems of oppression and how they affected their entrepreneurial pursuits.”
InfluentialInequities in Blunt Use Across Multiple Socio-Demographic Intersections Among US Adults
Glasser, A. M., Jensen, J. K., Sterling, K., & Villanti, A. (2025) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2025.113019
Parisi, A., Zoll, F., & Darkhani, F. (2026) · Agriculture and Human Values · doi:10.1007/s10460-025-10808-y · Cited by 1
“…it requires (engagement evidenced in AFNs), means that merely describing abstract ideas of race, gender, or class was and is insufficient while problems are better understood by identifying racism, sexism, and capitalism for their oppressive qualities as systems of power (Collins 2015 ; 2017 ).”
Valentinov, V., & Vaceková, G. (2026) · Management Decision · doi:10.1108/md-10-2025-2999 · Cited by 1
Duncheon, J. C., Sagara, R., & Knight, D. S. (2026) · Higher education · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05671-9_9 · Cited by 1
Perceived Risks and Comfort Zone Among African Female Solo Travellers
Liu, B., Obiudu, O. S., Fan, D. X. F., Leong, A. M. W., & Bai, J. (2026) · Journal of Travel Research · doi:10.1177/00472875251410571 · Cited by 2
Experiences of child street beggars in inner-city Accra, Ghana
Kyei‐Gyamfi, S., Kyei‐Arthur, F., Kwatsenu, J., Tetteh, A. A., Otchere, J. M., Aduful, K. K., Sam, M. A. N., Owusu, K., Abrah, P. B., Akonu-Atta, A. D., et al. (2026) · Discover Social Science and Health · doi:10.1007/s44155-026-00373-y · Cited by 2
“Intersectionality challenges the reductionist view of vulnerability by emphasising the intricate interplay among social categories, including age, class, gender, migration status, ethnicity, and legal invisibility, within overarching systems of power and exclusion [36, 37].”
Backlash Blues: Assessing How Political Scientists Conceptualize (or Don’t) Reactionary Force
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Reconceptualizing spatial capital to unlock spatial justice: the A.U.R.A. framework
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Watts, K. J., Thrasher, S. S., Campbell, N., Conner, L. R., Glover, J. K., Otachi, J. K., & Griffin, D. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16020292 · Cited by 1
“Navigating this complexity requires moving beyond additive models that view race plus gender as a cumulative outcome (Crenshaw, 1989) toward a reflexive intersectionality that interrogates how power relations structure the category of community (Cole, 2009; Collins, 2015).”
Terrana, S. E. (2026) · Human Services Organizations Management Leadership & Governance · doi:10.1080/23303131.2026.2635102 · Cited by 1
Thakur, M. (2026) · Refuge Canada s Journal on Refuge · doi:10.25071/1920-7336.41385 · Cited by 1
“An intersectional lens reveals that diversity exists within forcibly displaced populations, and this should be understood in the context of empirical lived experiences of individuals, as well as epistemic and policy considerations (Collins, 2015).”
Einola, K., Hekkala, R., & Nordbäck, E. S. (2026) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.70104 · Cited by 4
Nguyen, Q. N., & Doan, D. T. H. (2026) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2026.102613 · Cited by 1
Cultural familiarity and novelty in female muslim tourism
Nisha, F., & Cheung, C. (2026) · Tourism Geographies · doi:10.1080/14616688.2026.2638924 · Cited by 1
“…within interconnections. it not simply aggregates them, but generates a unique identity which is subjective to particular groups or individuals (collins, 2015). the resultant distinctive and heterogeneous social positioning reveals new perspectives and brings forth voices that are normally…”
Climate change litigation and intersectionality in climate justice
Schill, E., Pobiega, E. G., Soo, J., et al. (2026) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2026.103131 · Cited by 1
Female leadership in organizational and personal crises
Schwing, M., Zehrer, A., & Pechlaner, H. (2026) · Strategic Business Research · doi:10.1016/j.sbr.2026.100123 · Cited by 1
Ikoona, E. N., Namulemo, L., Kaluya, R., Ikoona, R., & Sahr, F. (2026) · AIDS Care · doi:10.1080/09540121.2026.2647905 · Cited by 1
“These observations are consistent with intersectionality frameworks emphasising that social positions are co-constituted rather than additively combined (Bowleg, 2012; Collins, 2015).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Collins, P. H.
- Affiliations
- Department of Sociology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742-1315;
- Venue
- Annual Review of Sociology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2015-08-14
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-20
- ISSN
- 0360-0572 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2115
- OpenAlex
- W2148974647
- Semantic Scholar
- 48116d925a63de9e9dd793450a6ed59d51767d35
- Cited by
- 2,419
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 254 · 2025: 320 · 2024: 325 · 2023: 295 · 2022: 287 · 2021: 240 · 2020: 211 · 2019: 220 · 2018: 130 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 9
- FWCI
- 28.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annual Review of Sociology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Feminist Theory and Gender Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Gender, Health, and Social Inequality
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender and Feminist Studies
- Keywords
- intersectionality, power relations, social inequality, race, class, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, nation, disability, age, critical praxis, social justice, knowledge production
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