Cited by 1,460Diet and metabolism studiesLipid metabolism and biosynthesisLipid metabolism and disorders

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Regulation of Hepatic Fatty Acid Oxidation and Ketone Body Production

McGarry, J D, Foster, D W·1980·Annual Review of Biochemistry

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The Hippo pathway was initially discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as a key regulator of tissue growth. It is an evolutionarily conserved signaling cascade regulating numerous biological processes, including cell growth and fate decision, organ size ...Read More

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Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.bi.49.070180.002143

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Food intake and blood fuels after oil consumption: Differential effects in normal and diabetic rats☆
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“The formation of ketone bodies in the liver is another possible fate of the accumulated acetyl-groups (acetylcarnitine) and their release into circulation could support aerobic metabolism in tissues incapable of oxidizing fatty acids, particularly nervous tissue (McGarry and Foster, 1980; Laffel, 1999).”
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“Similar to glyburide, the ketone body βhydroxybutyrate inhibits the inflammasome by preventing potassium efflux [59] and ketone bodies are elevated by fasting in mice [60].”
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Dorr, B. S., Hanson‐Dorr, K. C., Assadi‐Porter, F. M., Alpergin, E. S. S., Healy, K. A., & Horak, K. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-36688-3 · Cited by 19
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“The primary site for ketone body production in vertebrates is the liver (McGarry and Foster, 1980), and the presence of hepatic OAT in fish may either reflect ketone body utilization or substrate cycling between acetoacetate and acetoacetyl CoA (Zammit et al.”
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The Anti-hyperlipidemia Effects of Raw Polygonum multiflorum Extract in Vivo
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“trolled by inhibition with malonyl-CoA [37].”
Activity of 3-oxo acid CoA-transferase, d -3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, hexokinase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase in the stomach and small and large intestine of the rat
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Reciprocal effects of energy utilization on palmitate oxidation and esterification in hepatocytes of fed rats
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Reprogramming of glucocorticoid receptor function by hypoxia
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“Because the expression of Hmgcs2, the rate-limiting enzyme in the ketone body (KB) biosynthesis (McGarry & Foster, 1980) is significantly increased after 24 h of hypoxia, we investigated the effect of hypoxia on the production of KBs.”
Peroxisomal β-oxidation stimulates cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver in diabetic mice
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“To identify the source of acetate, we noted the well-known fact that the acetyl-CoA generated in mitochondrial FAO is used for ketone body formation or completely oxidized in tricarboxylic acid cycle (33).”
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BackgroundInfluential
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Effects of chronic insulin and glucagon exposure on the biosynthesis of glycerolipids by cultured hepatocytes.
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Epidermal Growth Factor Secreted from Submandibular Salivary Glands Interferes with the Lipolytic Effect of Adrenaline in Mice*
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Pyruvate and hydroxycitrate/carnitine may synergize to promote reverse electron transport in hepatocyte mitochondria, effectively ‘uncoupling’ the oxidation of fatty acids
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Early undernutrition induces glucagon resistance and insulin hypersensitivity in the liver of suckling rats
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“Under normoxic conditions, AMPK activation favors FA oxidation by decreasing malonyl-CoA, an allosteric inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl-transferase I (CPTI), and allowing transport of FA into the mitochondria [30].”
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Fasting Substrate Concentrations Predict Cardiovascular Outcomes in the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study (CANVAS)
Ferrannini, E., Baldi, S., Scozzaro, T., Tsimihodimos, V., Tesfaye, F., Shaw, W. C., Rosenthal, N. R., Figtree, G. A., Neal, B. C., Mahaffey, K. W., et al. (2022) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc21-2398 · Cited by 19
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Mitochondrial HMG-CoA synthase partially contributes to antioxidant protection in the kidney of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
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“In rats, hepatic ketogenic capacity increases rapidly during postnatal development or fasting [7–9].”
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Piperazine Oxadiazole Inhibitors of Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
Bourbeau, M. P., Siegmund, A., Allen, J. G., Shu, H., Fotsch, C. H., Bartberger, M. D., Kim, K., Komorowski, R., Graham, M., Busby, J., et al. (2013) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm401601s · Cited by 17
The gene encoding the ketogenic enzyme HMGCS2 displays a unique expression during gonad development in mice
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“When blood glucose levels are low, such as during starvation and sustained exercise, HMGCS2 expression is up-regulated in the liver and ketogenesis is induced during which acetyl-CoA, derived from fatty acid ß-oxidation, is converted into ketone bodies such as ß-hydroxybutyrate (ßHB) [22, 23].”
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Systemic carnitine deficiency exacerbated by a strict vegetarian diet.
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Metabolic Alterations After a Two-hour Nocturnal Interruption of a Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion
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“After translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane the palmitoyl carnitine molecule is reconverted into carnitine and palmitoyl-CoA by the activity of CPT II [1].”
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Myocardial carnitine transport
Siliprandi, N., Ciman, M., & Sartorelli, L. (1987) · Steinkopff eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-08390-1_7 · Cited by 17
C6-C10-dicarboxylic acids in liver and kidney tissue in normal, diabetic ketotic and clofibrate-treated rats
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3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric, adipic, and 2-oxoglutaric acids measured by HPLC in the plasma from diabetic patients
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Lipid metabolism in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii) fed diets containing partially hydrogenated fish oil
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Glucagon and Ketogenesis
McGarry, J., & Foster, D. W. (1983) · Handbook of experimental pharmacology · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-68866-9_17 · Cited by 17
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Liver carnitine metabolism after partial hepatectomy in the rat
Schofield, P. S., French, T. J., Goode, A. W., et al. (1985) · FEBS Letters · doi:10.1016/0014-5793(85)80609-8 · Cited by 17
Involvement of microsomal vesicles in part of the sensitivity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I to malonyl-CoA inhibition in mitochondrial fractions of rat liver
Niot, I., Pacot, F., Bouchard, P., et al. (1994) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj3040577 · Cited by 17
Seabuckthorn polysaccharides mitigate hepatic steatosis by modulating the Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway and gut microbiota
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“Therefore, activating AMPK can upregulate CPTI to enhance fatty acid oxidation, thus improving NAFLD (McGarry and Foster 1980).”
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Gong, H., Xu, H., Li, M., & Zhang, D. (2022) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175325 · Cited by 16
Disorders of fatty acid homeostasis
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Tous les acides gras saturés ont-ils le même effet métabolique ?
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Discovery of Novel Anti-Diabetic Drugs by Targeting Lipid Metabolism
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Expression of carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase-1B is influenced by a cis-acting eQTL in two chicken lines selected for high and low body weight
Ka, S., Markljung, E., Ring, H., Albert, F. W., Harun‐Or‐Rashid, M., Wahlberg, P., García-Rovés, P. M., Zierath, J. R., Denbow, D. M., Pääbo, S., et al. (2013) · Physiological Genomics · doi:10.1152/physiolgenomics.00078.2012 · Cited by 17
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S100A9 extends lifespan in insulin deficiency
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Hepatic conditional knockout of ATF6 exacerbates liver metabolic damage by repressing autophage through MTOR pathway
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Properties of the mitochondrial membrane and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I in the periportal and the perivenous zone of the liver
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Impaired ketone body metabolism in the selenium deficient rat. Possible implications
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4-Bromo-2-octenoic acid specifically inactivates 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase and thereby fatty acid oxidation in rat liver mitochondria
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Simultaneous stimulation of fatty acid synthesis and oxidation in rat hepatocytes by vanadate
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Selective retention of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in human milk lipids in the face of increasing proportions of medium chain-length (C10-14) fatty acids
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Diagnosis and Treatment
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“Since the ketone bodies produced by the liver cannot be utilized by this organ (McGarry & Foster, 1980), the corresponding increases in both brain and tumour levels are apparently hepatically derived, because of the non-ketogenic nature of these tissues.”
Background
High β-hydroxybutyrate concentration in liver and skeletal muscle of newly hatched chicks
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Authors: McGarry, J. D., & Foster, D. W.
ORCID: McGarry, J D
Venue: Annual Review of Biochemistry
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 1980-06
Volume: 49
Issue: 1
Pages: 395-420
ISSN: 0066-4154 (ISSN-L)
1545-4509
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bi.49.070180.002143
OpenAlex: W2178164598
Cited by: 1,460
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 24
FWCI: 47.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Diet and metabolism studies
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Keywords: hepatic fatty acid oxidation, ketone synthesis, Hippo signaling pathway, hepatic metabolism, tissue growth regulation, organ size control, cell fate determination
MeSH terms: Acetyl Coenzyme A, Adipose Tissue, Animals, Carnitine, Carnitine Acyltransferases, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Glucagon, Glycogen, Insulin, Ketone Bodies, Liver, Malonyl Coenzyme A, Models, Biological, Triglycerides, Meglutol

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Regulation of Hepatic Fatty Acid Oxidation and Ketone Body Production

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