Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy
Open accessAbstract
Achieving a spatial resolution that is not limited by the diffraction of light, recent developments of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy techniques allow the observation of many biological structures not resolvable in conventional fluorescence microscopy. New advances in these techniques now give them the ability to image three-dimensional (3D) structures, measure interactions by multicolor colocalization, and record dynamic processes in living cells at the nanometer scale. It is anticipated that super-resolution fluorescence microscopy will become a widely used tool for cell and tissue imaging to provide previously unobserved details of biological structures and processes.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
SMLM uses switchable fluorophores or special imaging conditions to ensure that only a small, random subset of fluorophores in the sample is emitting at any given time.
“Another set of powerful techniques to achieve resolutions beyond the diffraction barrier uses switchable fluorophores or special imaging conditions to ensure that only a small, random subset of fluorophores in the sample is emitting at any given time (Huang et al., 2009).”
From Barriers in the brain: resolving dendritic spine morphology and compartmentalization (2014) · cites this paper as Huang et al., 2009
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 88
- [1]Hell SW Wichmann J Breaking the diffraction resolution limit by stimulated-emission: stimulated emission- depletion fluorescence microscopy Opt. Lett 1994 19 780 782 19844443
- [2]Klar TA Hell SW Subdiffraction resolution in far-field fluorescence microscopy Opt. Lett 1999 24 954 956 18073907
- [3]Hell SW Far-field optical nanoscopy Science 2007 316 1153 1158 17525330
- [4]Gustafsson MGL Nonlinear structured-illumination microscopy: wide-field fluorescence imaging with theoretically unlimited resolution Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2005 102 13081 13086 16141335 PMC1201569
- [5]Rust MJ Bates M Zhuang X Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) Nat. Methods 2006 3 793 795 16896339 PMC2700296
- [6]Betzig E Patterson GH Sougrat R Lindwasser OW Olenych S Imaging intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution Science 2006 313 1642 1645 16902090
- [7]Hess ST Girirajan TPK Mason MD Ultra-high resolution imaging by fluorescence photoactivation localization microscopy Biophys. J 2006 91 4258 4272 16980368 PMC1635685
- [8]Thompson RE Larson DR Webb WW Precise nanometer localization analysis for individual fluorescent probes Biophys. J 2002 82 2775 2783 11964263 PMC1302065
- [10]Betzig E Trautman JK Harris TD Weiner JS Kostelak RL Breaking the diffraction barrier: optical microscopy on a nanometric scale Science 1991 251 1468 1470 17779440
- [11]Novotny L Hecht B Principles of Nano-Optics 2006 Cambridge Cambridge Univ. Press
- [12]Smolyaninov II Hung YJ Davis CC Magnifying superlens in the visible frequency range Science 2007 315 1699 1701 17379804
- [13]Liu ZW Lee H Xiong Y Sun C Zhang X Far-field optical hyperlens magnifying subdiffractionlimited objects Science 2007 315 1686 17379801
- [14]Pawley JB Handbook of Biological Confocal Microscopy 2006 New York Springer
- [15]Zipfel WR Williams RM Webb WW Nonlinear magic: multiphoton microscopy in the biosciences Nat. Biotechnol 2003 21 1368 1376 14595365
- [17]Gustafsson MGL Agard DA Sedat JW I5M: 3D widefield light microscopy with better than 100 nm axial resolution J. Microsc 1999 195 10 16 10444297
- [18]Bailey B Farkas DL Taylor DL Lanni F Enhancement of axial resolution in fluorescence microscopy by standing-wave excitation Nature 1993 366 44 48 8232536
- [19]Gustafsson MGL Surpassing the lateral resolution limit by a factor of two using structured illumination microscopy J. Microsc 2000 198 82 87 10810003
- [20]Gustafsson MGL Shao L Carlton PM Wang CJR Golubovskaya IN Three-dimensional resolution doubling in wide-field fluorescence microscopy by structured illumination Biophys. J 2008 94 4957 4970 18326650 PMC2397368
- [21]Schermelleh L Carlton PM Haase S Shao L Winoto L Subdiffraction multicolor imaging of the nuclear periphery with 3D structured illumination microscopy Science 2008 320 1332 1336 18535242 PMC2916659
- [22]Shao L Isaac B Uzawa S Agard DA Sedat JW Gustafsson MGL I5S:Wide-field light microscopy with 100-nm-scale resolution in three dimensions Biophys. J 2008 94 4971 4983 18326649 PMC2397336
- [23]Heilemann M van de Linde S Sch¨uttpelz M Kasper R Seefeldt B Subdiffraction-resolution fluorescence imaging with conventional fluorescent probes Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl 2008 47 6172 6176 18646237
- [24]Westphal V Hell SW Nanoscale resolution in the focal plane of an optical microscope Phys. Rev. Lett 2005 94 143093 15904066
- [25]Dyba M Hell SW Focal spots of size lambda/23 open up far-field florescence microscopy at 33 nm axial resolution Phys. Rev. Lett 2002 88 163901 11955234
- [26]Donnert G Keller J Medda R Andrei MA Rizzoli SO Macromolecular-scale resolution in biological fluorescence microscopy Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006 103 11440 11445 16864773 PMC1518808
- [27]Willig KI Kellner RR Medda R Hein B Jakobs S Hell SW Nanoscale resolution in GFP-based microscopy Nat. Methods 2006 3 721 723 16896340
- [29]Bretschneider S Eggeling C Hell SW Breaking the diffraction barrier in fluorescence microscopy by optical shelving Phys. Rev. Lett 2007 98 218103 17677813
- [30]Hofmann M Eggeling C Jakobs S Hell SW Breaking the diffraction barrier in fluorescence microscopy at low light intensities by using reversibly photoswitchable proteins Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2005 102 17565 17569 16314572 PMC1308899
- [31]Gelles J Schnapp BJ Sheetz MP Tracking kinesin-driven movements with nanometre-scale precision Nature 1988 331 450 453 3123999
- [32]Ghosh RN Webb WW Automated detection and tracking of individual and clustered cell-surface low-density-lipoprotein receptor molecules Biophys. J 1994 66 1301 1318 8061186 PMC1275851
- [33]Abbondanzieri EA Greenleaf WJ Shaevitz JW Landick R Block SM Direct observation of basepair stepping by RNA polymerase Nature 2005 438 460 465 16284617 PMC1356566
- [34]Moerner WE Kador L Optical-detection and spectroscopy of single molecules in a solid Phys. Rev. Lett 1989 62 2535 2538 10040013
- [35]Orrit M Bernard J Single pentacene molecules detected by fluorescence excitation in a paraterphenyl crystal Phys. Rev. Lett 1990 65 2716 2719 10042674
- [36]Yildiz A Forkey JN McKinney SA Ha T Goldman YE Selvin PR MyosinVwalks hand-overhand: single fluorophore imaging with 1.5-nm localization Science 2003 300 2061 2065 12791999
- [38]Lacoste TD Michalet X Pinaud F Chemla DS Alivisatos AP Weiss S Ultrahigh-resolution multicolor colocalization of single fluorescent probes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2000 97 9461 9466 10931959 PMC16886
- [39]Churchman LS Okten Z Rock RS Dawson JF Spudich JA Single molecule high-resolution colocalization of Cy3 and Cy5 attached to macromolecules measures intramolecular distances through time Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2005 102 1419 1423 15668396 PMC545495
- [40]Gordon MP Ha T Selvin PR Single-molecule high-resolution imaging with photobleaching Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2004 101 6462 6465 15096603 PMC404067
- [41]Qu XH Wu D Mets L Scherer NF Nanometer-localized multiple single-molecule fluorescence microscopy Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2004 101 11298 11303 15277661 PMC509198
- [42]Lidke KA Rieger B Jovin TM Heintzmann R Superresolution by localization of quantum dots using blinking statistics Opt. Express 2005 13 7052 7062 19498727
- [43]Lagerholm BC Averett L Weinreb GE Jacobson K Thompson NL Analysis method for measuring submicroscopic distances with blinking quantum dots Biophys. J 2006 91 3050 3060 16861265 PMC1578492
- [44]Egner A Geisler C von Middendorff C Bock H Wenzel D Fluorescence nanoscopy in whole cells by asynchronous localization of photoswitching emitters Biophys. J 2007 93 3285 3290 17660318 PMC2025649
- [45]Sharonov A Hochstrasser RM Wide-field subdiffraction imaging by accumulated binding of diffusing probes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2006 103 18911 18916 17142314 PMC1748151
- [46]Bates M Huang B Dempsey GT Zhuang X Multicolor super-resolution imaging with photoswitchable fluorescent probes Science 2007 317 1749 1753 17702910 PMC2633025
- [47]Kao HP Verkman AS Tracking of single fluorescent particles in 3 dimensions: use of cylindrical optics to encode particle position Biophys. J 1994 67 1291 1300 7811944 PMC1225486
- [50]Toprak E Balci H Blehm BH Selvin PR Three-dimensional particle tracking via bifocal imaging Nano Lett 2007 7 2043 2045 17583964
- [51]Watanabe TM Sato T Gonda K Higuchi H Three-dimensional nanometry of vesicle transport in living cells using dual-focus imaging optics Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 2007 359 1 7 17512495
- [52]Huang B Wang W Bates M Zhuang X Three-dimensional super-resolution imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy Science 2008 319 810 813 18174397 PMC2633023
- [53]Huang B Jones SA Brandenburg B Zhuang X Whole-cell 3D STORM reveals interactions between cellular structures with nanometer-scale resolution Nat. Methods 2008 5 1047 1052 19029906 PMC2596623
- [54]Juette MF Gould TJ Lessard MD Mlodzianoski MJ Nagpure BS Three-dimensional sub-100 nm resolution fluorescence microscopy of thick samples Nat. Methods 2008 5 527 529 18469823
- [55]Harke B Ullal CK Keller J Hell SW Three-dimensional nanoscopy of colloidal crystals Nano Lett 2008 8 1309 1313 18166070
- [56]Schmidt R Wurm CA Jakobs S Engelhardt J Egner A Hell SW Spherical nanosized focal spot unravels the interior of cells Nat. Methods 2008 5 539 544 18488034
- [57]Donnert G Keller J Wurm CA Rizzoli SO Westphal V Two-color far-field fluorescence nanoscopy Biophys. J 2007 92 L67 L69 17307826 PMC1831704
- [58]Bates M Blosser TR Zhuang XW Short-range spectroscopic ruler based on a single-molecule optical switch Phys. Rev. Lett 2005 94 108101 15783528 PMC2652517
- [59]Bossi M F¨olling J Belov VN Boyarskiy VP Medda R Multicolor far-field fluorescence nanoscopy through isolated detection of distinct molecular species Nano Lett 2008 8 2463 2468 18642961
- [60]Shroff H Galbraith CG Galbraith JA White H Gillette J Dual-color superresolution imaging of genetically expressed probes within individual adhesion complexes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2007 104 20308 20313 18077327 PMC2154427
- [61]Andresen M Stiel AC Fölling J Wenzel D Schönle A Photoswitchable fluorescent proteins enable monochromatic multilabel imaging and dual color fluorescence nanoscopy Nat. Biotechnol 2008 26 1035 1040 18724362
- [62]Subach FV Patterson GH Manley S Gillette JM Lippincott-Schwartz J Verkhusha VV Photoactivatable mCherry for high-resolution two-color fluorescence microscopy Nat. Methods 2009 6 153 159 19169259 PMC2901231
- [64]Westphal V Rizzoli SO Lauterbach MA Kamin D Jahn R Hell SW Video-rate far-field optical nanoscopy dissects synaptic vesicle movement Science 2008 320 246 249 18292304
- [65]Shroff H Galbraith CG Galbraith JA Betzig E Live-cell photoactivated localization microscopy of nanoscale adhesion dynamics Nat. Methods 2008 5 417 423 18408726 PMC5225950
- [66]Biteen JS Thompson MA Tselentis NK Bowman GR Shapiro L Moerner WE Super-resolution imaging in live Caulobacter crescentus cells using photoswitchable EYFP Nat. Methods 2008 5 947 949 18794860 PMC2655310
- [67]Hess ST Gould TJ Gudheti MV Maas SA Mills KD Zimmerberg J Dynamic clustered distribution of hemagglutinin resolved at 40 nm in living cell membranes discriminates between raft theories Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2007 104 17370 17375 17959773 PMC2077263
- [68]Manley S Gillette JM Patterson GH Shroff H Hess HF High-density mapping of singlemolecule trajectories with photoactivated localization microscopy Nat. Methods 2008 5 155 157 18193054
- [69]Enderlein J Toprak E Selvin PR Polarization effect on position accuracy of fluorophore localization Opt. Express 2006 14 8111 8120 19529183
- [70]Shannon CE Communication in the presence of noise Proc. Inst. Radio Eng 1949 37 10 21
- [71]Weber K Rathke PC Osborn M Cytoplasmic microtubular images in glutaraldehyde-fixed tissueculture cells by electron-microscopy and by immunofluorescence microscopy Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1978 75 1820 1824 417343 PMC392432
- [72]Chen I Ting AY Site-specific labeling of proteins with small molecules in live cells Curr. Opin. Biotechnol 2005 16 35 40 15722013
- [73]Lin MZ Wang L Selective labeling of proteins with chemical probes in living cells Physiology 2008 23 131 141 18556466
- [74]Griffin BA Adams SR Tsien RY Specific covalent labeling of recombinant protein molecules inside live cells Science 1998 281 269 272 9657724
- [75]Guignet EG Hovius R Vogel H Reversible site-selective labeling of membrane proteins in live cells Nat. Biotechnol 2004 22 440 444 15034592
- [76]Chen I Howarth M Lin WY Ting AY Site-specific labeling of cell surface proteins with biophysical probes using biotin ligase Nat. Methods 2005 2 99 104 15782206
- [77]Fernandez-Suarez M Baruah H Martinez-Hernandez L Xie KT Baskin JM Redirecting lipoic acid ligase for cell surface protein labeling with small-molecule probes Nat. Biotechnol 2007 25 1483 1487 18059260 PMC2654346
- [78]Popp MW Antos JM Grotenbreg GM Spooner E Ploegh HL Sortagging: a versatile method for protein labeling Nat. Chem. Biol 2007 3 707 708 17891153
- [79]Saxon E Bertozzi CR Cell surface engineering by a modified Staudinger reaction Science 2000 287 2007 2010 10720325
- [80]McIntosh JR Cellular Electron Microscopy 2007 Vol.79 New York Academic
- [81]Schwentker MA Bock H Hofmann M Jakobs S Bewersdorf J Wide-field subdiffraction RESOLFT microscopy using fluorescent protein photoswitching Microsc. Res. Tech 2007 70 269 280 17262791
- [83]Willig KI Harke B Medda R Hell SW STED microscopy with continuous wave beams Nat. Methods 2007 4 915 918 17952088
- [84]Willig KI Rizzoli SO Westphal V Jahn R Hell SW STED microscopy reveals that synaptotagmin remains clustered after synaptic vesicle exocytosis Nature 2006 440 935 939 16612384
- [85]Kittel RJ Wichmann C Rasse TM Fouquet W Schmidt M Bruchpilot promotes active zone assembly, Ca2+ channel clustering, and vesicle release Science 2006 312 1051 1054 16614170
- [86]Sieber JJ Willig KI Heintzmann R Hell SW Lang T The SNARE motif is essential for the formation of syntaxin clusters in the plasma membrane Biophys. J 2006 90 2843 2851 16443657 PMC1414554
- [87]Sieber JJ Willig KI Kutzner C Gerding-Reimers C Harke B Anatomy and dynamics of a supramolecular membrane protein cluster Science 2007 317 1072 1076 17717182
- [88]Patterson GH Lippincott-Schwartz J A photoactivatable GFP for selective photolabeling of proteins and cells Science 2002 297 1873 1877 12228718
- [89]Chudakov DM Verkhusha VV Staroverov DB Souslova EA Lukyanov S Lukyanov KA Photoswitchable cyan fluorescent protein for protein tracking Nat. Biotechnol 2004 22 1435 1439 15502815
- [90]Ando R Hama H Yamamoto-Hino M Mizuno H Miyawaki A An optical marker based on the UV-induced green-to-red photoconversion of a fluorescent protein Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2002 99 12651 12656 12271129 PMC130515
- [91]Wiedenmann J Ivanchenko S Oswald F Schmitt F Rocker C EosFP, a fluorescent marker protein with UV-inducible green-to-red fluorescence conversion Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2004 101 15905 15910 15505211 PMC528746
- [92]Gurskaya NG Verkhusha VV Shcheglov AS Staroverov DB Chepurnykh TV Engineering of a monomeric green-to-red photoactivatable fluorescent protein induced by blue light Nat. Biotechnol 2006 24 461 465 16550175
- [93]Ando R Mizuno H Miyawaki A Regulated fast nucleocytoplasmic shuttling observed by reversible protein highlighting Science 2004 306 1370 1373 15550670
- [94]Flors C Hotta J-I Hiroshi U-I Dedecker P Ando R A stroboscopic approach for fast photoactivation-localization microscopy with Dronpa mutants J. Am. Chem. Soc 2007 129 13970 13977 17956094
- [95]Stiel AC Trowitzsch S Weber G Andresen M Eggeling C 1.8 angstrom bright-state structure of the reversibly switchable fluorescent protein Dronpa guides the generation of fast switching variants Biochem. J 2007 402 35 42 17117927 PMC1783997
- [96]F¨olling J Belov V Kunetsky R Medda R Schönle A Photochromic rhodamines provide nanoscopy with optical sectioning Angew. Chem. Int. Ed 2007 46 6266 6270 17640007
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
Klionsky, D. J., Abdalla, F. C., Abeliovich, H., Abraham, R. T., Acevedo-Arozena, A., Adeli, K., Agholme, L., Agnello, M., Agostinis, P., Aguirre-Ghiso, J. A., et al. (2012) · Autophagy · doi:10.4161/auto.19496 · Cited by 3,996 · see citing works
Artificial intelligence in digital pathology — new tools for diagnosis and precision oncology
Bera, K., Schalper, K. A., Rimm, D. L., Velcheti, V., & Madabhushi, A. (2019) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0252-y · Cited by 1,698 · see citing works
Super-resolution microscopy with DNA-PAINT
Schnitzbauer, J., Strauss, M. T., Schlichthaerle, T., Schueder, F., & Jungmann, R. (2017) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2017.024 · Cited by 1,047 · see citing works
Using Gene Expression Noise to Understand Gene Regulation
Munsky, B., Neuert, G., & van Oudenaarden, A. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1216379 · Cited by 745 · see citing works
Principles and Applications of Nucleic Acid Strand Displacement Reactions
Simmel, F. C., Yurke, B., & Singh, H. R. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00580 · Cited by 792 · see citing works
Y-family DNA polymerases and their role in tolerance of cellular DNA damage
Sale, J. E., Lehmann, A. R., & Woodgate, R. (2012) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm3289 · Cited by 665 · see citing works
The Mitochondrial Proteome and Human Disease
Calvo, S. E., & Mootha, V. K. (2010) · Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genom-082509-141720 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
Image super-resolution: the techniques, applications, and future
Yue, L., Shen, H., Li, J., Yuan, Q., Zhang, H., & Zhang, L. (2016) · Signal Processing · doi:10.1016/j.sigpro.2016.05.002 · Cited by 554 · see citing works
Chromatin Higher-order Structure and Dynamics
Woodcock, C. L., & Ghosh, R. P. (2010) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000596 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Deep learning in bioinformatics: Introduction, application, and perspective in the big data era
Li, Y., Huang, C., Ding, L., Li, Z., Pan, Y., & Gao, X. (2019) · Methods · doi:10.1016/j.ymeth.2019.04.008 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Liu, H.-Y., Wu, P.-J., Kuo, S.-Y., Chen, C.-P., Chang, E.-H., Wu, C.-Y., & Chan, Y.-H. (2015) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.5b06710 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Dense neuronal reconstruction through X-ray holographic nano-tomography
Kuan, A. T., Phelps, J. S., Thomas, L. A., Nguyen, T. M., Han, J., Chen, C.-L., Azevedo, A. W., Tuthill, J. C., Funke, J., Cloetens, P., et al. (2020) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-020-0704-9 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Cholesterol selectively activates canonical Wnt signalling over non-canonical Wnt signalling
Sheng, R., Kim, H., Lee, H., Xin, Y., Chen, Y., Tian, W., Cui, Y., Choi, J.-C., Doh, J., Han, J.-K., et al. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms5393 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Incorporation of a nucleoside analog maps genome repair sites in postmitotic human neurons
Reid, D. A., Reed, P. J., Schlachetzki, J. C. M., Nitulescu, I. I., Chou, G., Tsui, E. C., Jones, J. R., Chandran, S., Lu, A. T., McClain, C. A., et al. (2021) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb9032 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
A general approach to the design of high-performance near-infrared (NIR) D-π-A type fluorescent dyes
Luo, X., Li, J., Zhao, J., Gu, L., Qian, X., & Yang, Y. (2019) · Chinese Chemical Letters · doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2019.03.012 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Molecular machines or pleiomorphic ensembles: signaling complexes revisited
Mayer, B. J., Blinov, M. L., & Loew, L. M. (2009) · Journal of Biology · doi:10.1186/jbiol185 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Molecular genetics and imaging technologies for circuit-based neuroanatomy
Arenkiel, B. R., & Ehlers, M. D. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08536 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Origin of the Red-Shifted Optical Spectra Recorded for Aza-BODIPY Dyes
Karlsson, J. K. G., & Harriman, A. (2016) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry A · doi:10.1021/acs.jpca.6b01278 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Present Application and Perspectives of Organoid Imaging Technology
Fei, K., Zhang, J., Yuan, J., & Xiao, P. (2022) · Bioengineering · doi:10.3390/bioengineering9030121 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Barriers in the brain: resolving dendritic spine morphology and compartmentalization
Adrian, M., Kusters, R., Wierenga, C. J., Storm, C., Hoogenraad, C. C., & Kapitein, L. C. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroanatomy · doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00142 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Fluorescence imaging of synapse formation and remodeling
Okabe, S. (2013) · Microscopy · doi:10.1093/jmicro/dfs083 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
- Authors
- Huang, B., Bates, M., & Zhuang, X.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2009-06-01
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 993-1016
- ISSN
- 0066-4154 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4509
- PMC
- PMC2835776
- OpenAlex
- W2168816122
- Cited by
- 1,657
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 81 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 116 · 2020: 105 · 2019: 115 · 2018: 127 · 2017: 125 · 2016: 123 · 2015: 104 · 2014: 112 · 2013: 108 · 2012: 110
- FWCI
- 10.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Annual Review of Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM068518)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- super-resolution microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, diffraction limit, 3D imaging, live-cell imaging, nanoscale imaging, cell imaging, tissue imaging, biological structures
- MeSH terms
- Cytological Techniques, Humans, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Imaging, Three-Dimensional
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review