The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Multidrug Resistance in Bacteria
Open accessAbstract
Large amounts of antibiotics used for human therapy, as well as for farm animals and even for fish in aquaculture, resulted in the selection of pathogenic bacteria resistant to multiple drugs. Multidrug resistance in bacteria may be generated by one of two mechanisms. First, these bacteria may accumulate multiple genes, each coding for resistance to a single drug, within a single cell. This accumulation occurs typically on resistance (R) plasmids. Second, multidrug resistance may also occur by the increased expression of genes that code for multidrug efflux pumps, extruding a wide range of drugs. This review discusses our current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in both types of resistance.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Lateral gene transfer and the nature of bacterial innovation
Ochman, H., Lawrence, J. G., & Groisman, E. A. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35012500 · Cited by 3,816
Sampling the Antibiotic Resistome
D'Costa, V. M., McGrann, K. M., Hughes, D. W., & Wright, G. D. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1120800 · Cited by 1,594
Efflux-mediated antimicrobial resistance
Poole, K. (2005) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dki171 · Cited by 1,082
Trimethoprim and sulfonamide resistance.
Huovinen, P., Sundström, L., Swedberg, G., & Sköld, O. (1995) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.39.2.279 · Cited by 523
Ribosomal Protection Proteins and Their Mechanism ofTetracyclineResistance
Connell, S. R., Tracz, D. M., Nierhaus, K. H., & Taylor, D. E. (2003) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.47.12.3675-3681.2003 · Cited by 449
Nikaido, H., Basina, M., Nguyen, V., & Rosenberg, E. Y. (1998) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.180.17.4686-4692.1998 · Cited by 224
Self-citation
Cited by
Molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
Blair, J. M. A., Webber, M. A., Baylay, A. J., Ogbolu, D. O., & Piddock, L. J. V. (2015) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro3380 · Cited by 4,092
Natural Products as Platforms To Overcome Antibiotic Resistance
Rossiter, S. E., Fletcher, M. H., & Wuest, W. M. (2017) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00283 · Cited by 622
Permeability Barrier of Gram-Negative Cell Envelopes and Approaches To Bypass It
Zgurskaya, H. I., López, C. A., & Gnanakaran, S. (2015) · ACS Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.5b00097 · Cited by 580
Phenotypic Resistance to Antibiotics
Corona, F., & Martinez, J. (2013) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics2020237 · Cited by 205
Takatsuka, Y., Chen, C., & Nikaido, H. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1001460107 · Cited by 196
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Nikaido, H.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2009-06-01
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 119-146
- ISSN
- 0066-4154 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4509
- OpenAlex
- W2136723682
- Cited by
- 1,682
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 2.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Multidrug Resistance in Bacteria. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1146/annurev.biochem.78.082907.145923
- The paper
- Nikaido, H. (2009). Multidrug Resistance in Bacteria. Annual Review of Biochemistry. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biochem.78.082907.145923
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
