Global Marine Biodiversity Trends

Diversity in Tropical Rain Forests and Coral Reefs

Connell, J. H. (1978) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.199.4335.1302 · Cited by 9,360

Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth

Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., D'amico, J. A., Itoua, I., Strand, H. E., Morrison, J. C., et al. (2001) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:teotwa]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 8,488

Catastrophic shifts in ecosystems

Scheffer, M., Carpenter, S., Foley, J. A., Folke, C., & Walker, B. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35098000 · Cited by 7,510

Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems

Jackson, J. B. C., Kirby, M. X., Berger, W. H., Bjorndal, K. A., Botsford, L. W., Bourque, B. J., Bradbury, R. H., Cooke, R., Erlandson, J., Estes, J. A., et al. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1059199 · Cited by 6,652

Measuring biological diversity

Magurran, A. E. (2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.42-1547 · Cited by 6,617

The Strategy of Ecosystem Development

Odum, E. P. (1969) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.164.3877.262 · Cited by 5,546

Food Web Complexity and Species Diversity

Paine, R. T. (1966) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/282400 · Cited by 5,361

Fishing Down Marine Food Webs

Pauly, D., Christensen, V., Dalsgaard, J., Froese, R., & Torres, F. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5352.860 · Cited by 4,743

Anthropogenic ocean acidification over the twenty-first century and its impact on calcifying organisms

Orr, J. C., Fabry, V. J., Aumont, O., Bopp, L., Doney, S. C., Feely, R. A., Gnanadesikan, A., Gruber, N., Ishida, A., Joos, F., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04095 · Cited by 4,590

Environmental genome shotgun sequencing of the sargasso sea

Venter, J. C., Remington, K., Heidelberg, J. F., Halpern, A. L., Rusch, D., Eisen, J. A., Wu, D., Paulsen, I., Nelson, K. E., Nelson, W., et al. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1093857 · Cited by 4,376

Mechanisms of Succession in Natural Communities and Their Role in Community Stability and Organization

Connell, J. H., & Slatyer, R. O. (1977) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/283241 · Cited by 4,351

The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants

Elton, C. (1958) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7214-9 · Cited by 4,331

Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world's coral reefs

Hoegh-Guldberg, O. (1999) · Marine and Freshwater Research · doi:10.1071/mf99078 · Cited by 4,018

The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants.

Richards, P. W., & Elton, C. (1959) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.2307/2257385 · Cited by 3,907

Rapid worldwide depletion of predatory fish communities

Myers, R. A., & Worm, B. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01610 · Cited by 2,969

Habitat destruction and the extinction debt

Tilman, D., May, R. M., Lehman, C. L., & Nowak, M. A. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/371065a0 · Cited by 2,844

Climate Warming and Disease Risks for Terrestrial and Marine Biota

Harvell, C. D., Mitchell, C. E., Ward, J. R., Altizer, S., Dobson, A. P., Ostfeld, R. S., & Samuel, M. D. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1063699 · Cited by 2,799

The Ecology of Invasions by Animals and Plants

Elton, C. C. (1977) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5851-7 · Cited by 2,468

Marine Benthic Diversity: A Comparative Study

Sanders, H. L. (1968) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/282541 · Cited by 2,456

Ecological Geography of the Sea

Longhurst, A. (1998) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-455521-1.x5000-1 · Cited by 2,415

Community ecology theory as a framework for biological invasions

Shea, K. (2002) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(02)02495-3 · Cited by 2,235

Virioplankton: Viruses in Aquatic Ecosystems

Wommack, K. E., & Colwell, R. R. (2000) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.64.1.69-114.2000 · Cited by 2,153

10.1016/s0967-0653(97)84825-9

(2000) · Time to knit · doi:10.1016/s0967-0653(97)84825-9 · Cited by 2,015

Global Trajectories of the Long-Term Decline of Coral Reef Ecosystems

Pandolfi, J. M., Bradbury, R., Sala, E., Hughes, T. P., Bjorndal, K. A., Cooke, R. G., McArdle, D. A., McClenachan, L., Newman, M. J. H., Paredes, G. A., et al. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1085706 · Cited by 2,001

Food Webs: Linkage, Interaction Strength and Community Infrastructure

Paine, R. T. (1980) · The Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/4220 · Cited by 1,824

Marine biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities for tropical reefs

Roberts, C. M., McClean, C. J., Veron, J. E. N., Hawkins, J. P., Allen, G. R., McAllister, D. E., Mittermeier, C. G., Schueler, F. W., Spalding, M., Wells, F., et al. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1067728 · Cited by 1,691

From Anchovies to Sardines and Back: Multidecadal Change in the Pacific Ocean

Chavez, F. P., Ryan, J., Lluch-Cota, S. E., & Ñiquen C., M. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1075880 · Cited by 1,641

Ecological Roulette: The Global Transport of Nonindigenous Marine Organisms

Cariton, J. T., & Geller, J. B. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.261.5117.78 · Cited by 1,631

Marine community ecology

Bertness, M. D., Gaines, S. D., & Hay, M. E. (2001) · Cited by 1,507

Extinction by numbers

Pimm, S. L., & Raven, P. H. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35002708 · Cited by 1,468

Abrupt deep-sea warming, palaeoceanographic changes and benthic extinctions at the end of the Palaeocene

Kennett, J. P., & Stott, L. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/353225a0 · Cited by 1,362

Diversity and distribution of coral-associated bacteria

Rohwer, F., Seguritan, V, Azam, F., & Knowlton, N. (2002) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps243001 · Cited by 1,337

Gulf of Mexico hypoxia, A.K.A. “The Dead Zone.”

Rabalais, N. N., Turner, R. E., & Wiseman, W. J. (2002) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.33.010802.150513 · Cited by 1,330

Long-term decline in krill stock and increase in salps within the Southern Ocean

Atkinson, A., Siegel, V., Pakhomov, E., & Rothery, P. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02996 · Cited by 1,292

Humans as the World's Greatest Evolutionary Force

Palumbi, S. R. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.293.5536.1786 · Cited by 1,290

Sibling Species in the Sea

Knowlton­, N. (1993) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.es.24.110193.001201 · Cited by 1,257

Accelerating Invasion Rate in a Highly Invaded Estuary

Cohen, A. N., & Carlton, J. T. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5350.555 · Cited by 1,172

Intertidal Landscapes: Disturbance and the Dynamics of Pattern

Paine, R. T., & Levin, S. A. (1981) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/2937261 · Cited by 1,156

Extinction vulnerability in marine populations

Dulvy, N. K., Sadovy, Y. J., & Reynolds, J. D. (2003) · Fish and Fisheries · doi:10.1046/j.1467-2979.2003.00105.x · Cited by 1,065

The Mesozoic marine revolution: evidence from snails, predators and grazers

Vermeij, G. J. (1977) · Paleobiology · doi:10.1017/s0094837300005352 · Cited by 1,043

Sustaining Fisheries Yields Over Evolutionary Time Scales

Conover, D. O., & Munch, S. B. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1074085 · Cited by 1,010

Genomic analysis of uncultured marine viral communities

Breitbart, M., Salamon, P., Andresen, B., Mahaffy, J. M., Segall, A. M., Mead, D. A., Azam, F., & Rohwer, F. L. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.202488399 · Cited by 992

Coral decline threatens fish biodiversity in marine reserves

Jones, G. P., McCormick, M. I., Srinivasan, M., & Eagle, J. V. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0401277101 · Cited by 971

TROPICAL FORESTS: THEIR RICHNESS IN COLEOPTERA AND OTHER ARTHROPOD SPECIES

Erwin, T. L. (1982) · Smithsonian Digital Repository (Smithsonian Institution) · Cited by 966

The Asian Tsunami: A Protective Role for Coastal Vegetation

Danielsen, F., Sørensen, M. K., Olwig, M. F., Selvam, V., Parish, F., Burgess, N. D., Hiraishi, T., Karunagaran, V. M., Rasmussen, M. S., Hansen, L. B., et al. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1118387 · Cited by 889

Linking climate change and biological invasions: Ocean warming facilitates nonindigenous species invasions

Stachowicz, J. J., Terwin, J. R., Whitlatch, R. B., & Osman, R. W. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.242437499 · Cited by 863

Genetic diversity enhances the resistance of a seagrass ecosystem to disturbance

Hughes, A. R., & Stachowicz, J. J. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0402642101 · Cited by 842

Extinction and Ecosystem Function in the Marine Benthos

Solan, M., Cardinale, B. J., Downing, A. L., Engelhardt, K. A. M., Ruesink, J. L., & Srivastava, D. S. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1103960 · Cited by 821

On Certain Unifying Principles in Ecology

Margalef, R. (1963) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/282286 · Cited by 807

Climatic Warming and the Decline of Zooplankton in the California Current

Roemmich, D., & McGowan, J. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.267.5202.1324 · Cited by 798

Sea Otters and Kelp Forests in Alaska: Generality and Variation in a Community Ecological Paradigm

Estes, J. A., & Duggins, D. O. (1995) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/2937159 · Cited by 798

Marine Fish Population Collapses: Consequences for Recovery and Extinction Risk

Hutchings, J. A., & Reynolds, J. D. (2004) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0297:mfpccf]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 792

Disturbance to Marine Benthic Habitats by Trawling and Dredging: Implications for Marine Biodiversity

Thrush, S. F., & Dayton, P. K. (2002) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.33.010802.150515 · Cited by 780

Experimental Investigations of Disturbance and Ecological Succession in a Rocky Intertidal Algal Community

Sousa, W. P. (1979) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/1942484 · Cited by 757

Deep-Sea Species Richness: Regional and Local Diversity Estimates from Quantitative Bottom Samples

Grassle, J. F., & Maciolek, N. J. (1992) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/285329 · Cited by 753

Climate Change and Latitudinal Patterns of Intertidal Thermal Stress

Helmuth, B. S. T., Harley, C. D. G., Halpin, P. M., O’Donnell, M. J., Hofmann, G. E., & Blanchette, C. A. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1076814 · Cited by 740

Invasions by marine life on plastic debris

Barnes, D. K. A. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/416808a · Cited by 740

Food-web analysis through field measurement of per capita interaction strength

Paine, R. T. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/355073a0 · Cited by 735

Marine biodiversity: patterns, threats and conservation needs

Gray, J. S. (1997) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1023/a:1018335901847 · Cited by 721

OXYGEN MINIMUM ZONE BENTHOS: ADAPTATION AND COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO HYPOXIA

Levin, L. A. (2003) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9780203180570-3 · Cited by 720

Species Diversity and Invasion Resistance in a Marine Ecosystem

Stachowicz, J. J., Whitlatch, R. B., & Osman, R. W. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.286.5444.1577 · Cited by 702

Biodiversity and ecosystem function: the consumer connection

Duffy, J. E. (2002) · Oikos · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.990201.x · Cited by 653 · cited 1×

Systematic distortions in world fisheries catch trends

Watson, R., & Pauly, D. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35107050 · Cited by 646

The future of coral reefs

Knowlton­, N. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.091092998 · Cited by 615

Nutrient enrichment can increase the severity of coral diseases

Bruno, J. F., Petes, L. E., Harvell, C. D., & Hettinger, A. (2003) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00544.x · Cited by 607

The Ecology of Jamaican Coral Reefs I. Species Composition and Zonation

Goreau, T. F. (1959) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1929924 · Cited by 604

Global spread of microorganisms by ships

Ruiz, G. M., Rawlings, T. K., Dobbs, F. C., Drake, L. A., Mullady, T., Huq, A., & Colwell, R. R. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35040695 · Cited by 593

Reefs since Columbus

Jackson, J. B. C. (1997) · Coral Reefs · doi:10.1007/s003380050238 · Cited by 593

BIODIVERSITY, INVASION RESISTANCE, AND MARINE ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION: RECONCILING PATTERN AND PROCESS

Stachowicz, J., Fried, H., Osman, R., & Whitlatch, R. (2002) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2575:birame]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 589

Biodiversity II: understanding and protecting our biological resources

(1997) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.34-3290 · Cited by 586

MASS MORTALITY OF DIADEMA ANTILLARUM IN THE CARIBBEAN: What Have We Learned?

Lessios, H. A. (1988) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.es.19.110188.002103 · Cited by 553

Patch Dynamics and Stability of Some California Kelp Communities

Dayton, P. K., Currie, V., Gerrodette, T., Keller, B. D., Rosenthal, R., & Tresca, D. V. (1984) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/1942498 · Cited by 547

Disturbance and recovery of coral assemblages

Connell, J. H. (1997) · Coral Reefs · doi:10.1007/s003380050246 · Cited by 543

Molecular genetic analyses of species boundaries in the sea

Knowlton­, N. (2000) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-2184-4_8 · Cited by 542

Climate-Related, Long-Term Faunal Changes in a California Rocky Intertidal Community

Barry, J. P., Baxter, C. H., Sagarin, R. D., & Gilman, S. E. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.267.5198.672 · Cited by 541

SLIDING BASELINES, GHOSTS, AND REDUCED EXPECTATIONS IN KELP FOREST COMMUNITIES

Dayton, P. K., Tegner, M. J., Edwards, P. B., & Riser, K. L. (1998) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/1051-0761(1998)008[0309:sbgare]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 537

Trophic cascades in benthic marine ecosystems: lessons for fisheries and protected-area management

Pinnegar, J. K., Polunin, N. V. C., Francour, P., Badalamenti, F., Chemello, R., Harmelin‐Vivien, M., Hereu, B., Milazzo, M., Zabala, M., D’Anna, G., et al. (2000) · Environmental Conservation · doi:10.1017/s0376892900000205 · Cited by 526

Ecosystem maturity — towards quantification

Christensen, V. (1995) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/0304-3800(93)e0073-c · Cited by 523

Biodiversity loss, trophic skew and ecosystem functioning

Duffy, J. E. (2003) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00494.x · Cited by 516

Sequential megafaunal collapse in the North Pacific Ocean: An ongoing legacy of industrial whaling?

Springer, A. M., Estes, J. A., van Vliet, G. B., Williams, T. M., Doak, D. F., Danner, E. M., Forney, K. A., & Pfister, B. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1635156100 · Cited by 516

How to kill (almost) all life: the end-Permian extinction event

Benton, M. J., & Twitchett, R. J. (2003) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(03)00093-4 · Cited by 502

Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes

Myers, R. A., & Worm, B. (2005) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1573 · Cited by 489

Molecular genetic analyses of species boundaries in the sea

Knowlton­, N. (2000) · Hydrobiologia · doi:10.1023/a:1003933603879 · Cited by 488

Strong effects of weak interactions in ecological communities

Berlow, E. L. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/18672 · Cited by 486

Marine reserves demonstrate top-down control of community structure on temperate reefs

Shears, N. T., & Babcock, R. C. (2002) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-002-0920-x · Cited by 483

Biological pollution in the Mediterranean Sea: invasive versus introduced macrophytes

Boudouresque, C. F., & Verlaque, M. (2002) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/s0025-326x(01)00150-3 · Cited by 483

Fishing, Trophic Cascades, and the Structure of Algal Assemblages: Evaluation of an Old but Untested Paradigm

Sala, E., Boudouresque, C. F., & Harmelin-Vivien, M. (1998) · Oikos · doi:10.2307/3546364 · Cited by 481

Overexploiting marine ecosystem engineers: potential consequences for biodiversity

Coleman, F. C., & Williams, S. L. (2002) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(01)02330-8 · Cited by 448

Assessing the magnitude of species richness in tropical marine environments: exceptionally high numbers of molluscs at a New Caledonia site

Bouchet, P., Lozouet, P., Maestrati, P., & Héros, V. (2002) · Biological Journal of the Linnean Society · doi:10.1046/j.1095-8312.2002.00052.x · Cited by 446

Life on a young planet: the first three billion years of evolution on Earth

(2003) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-2190 · Cited by 442

Temporal and Spatial Patterns of Disturbance and Recovery in a Kelp Forest Community

Dayton, P. K., Tegner, M. J., Parnell, P. E., & Edwards, P. B. (1992) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/2937118 · Cited by 434

The global biodiversity of coral reefs: a comparison with rain forests.

Reaka-Kudla, M. L., Wilson, D., & Wilson, E. O. (1997) · Cited by 428

Changes in community structure in temperate marine reserves

Babcock, R. C., Kelly, S., Shears, N., Walker, J., & Willis, T. (1999) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps189125 · Cited by 423

Global-scale latitudinal patterns of species diversity in the deep-sea benthos

Rex, M. A., Stuart, C. T., Hessler, R. R., Allen, J. A., Sanders, H. L., & Wilson, G. D. F. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/365636a0 · Cited by 421

Global Patterns of Predator Diversity in the Open Oceans

Worm, B., Sandow, M., Oschlies, A., Lotze, H. K., & Myers, R. A. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1113399 · Cited by 419

Recovery of Diadema antillarum reduces macroalgal cover and increases abundance of juvenile corals on a Caribbean reef

Edmunds, P. J., & Carpenter, R. C. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.071524598 · Cited by 412

The Elusive Baseline of Marine Disease: Are Diseases in Ocean Ecosystems Increasing?

Ward, J. R., & Lafferty, K. D. (2004) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020120 · Cited by 411

THE IMPACTS OF A NONINDIGENOUS MARINE PREDATOR IN A CALIFORNIA BAY

Grosholz, E. D., Ruiz, G. M., Dean, C. A., Shirley, K. A., Maron, J. L., & Connors, P. G. (2000) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[1206:tioanm]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 406

Overfishing drives a trophic cascade in the Black Sea

Daskalov, G. (2002) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps225053 · Cited by 404

Biodiversity, productivity and stability in real food webs

Worm, B., & Duffy, J. E. (2003) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2003.09.003 · Cited by 404

Distinguishing random environmental fluctuations from ecological catastrophes for the North Pacific Ocean

Hsieh, C., Glaser, S. M., Lucas, A. J., & Sugihara, G. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03553 · Cited by 394

Ten years in the library: new data confirm paleontological patterns

Sepkoski, J. J. (1993) · Paleobiology · doi:10.1017/s0094837300012306 · Cited by 380

Global Phage Diversity

Rohwer, F. L. (2003) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00276-9 · Cited by 372

Causes and consequences of sea urchin abundance and diversity in Kenyan coral reef lagoons

McClanahan, T. R., & Shafir, S. H. (1990) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/bf00317561 · Cited by 368

Conventional taxonomy obscures deep divergence between Pacific and Atlantic corals

Fukami, H., Budd, A. F., Paulay, G., Solé-Cava, A. M., Chen, C. A., Iwao, K., & Knowlton­, N. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02339 · Cited by 355

Whales Before Whaling in the North Atlantic

Roman, J., & Palumbi, S. R. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1084524 · Cited by 351

Long-term decline of the populations of Fucales (Cystoseira spp. and Sargassum spp.) in the Albères coast (France, North-western Mediterranean)

Thibaut, T., Pinedo, S., Torras, X., & Ballesteros, E. (2005) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.06.014 · Cited by 350

Consistent patterns and the idiosyncratic effects of biodiversity in marine ecosystems

Emmerson, M., Solan, M., Emes, C., Paterson, D. M., & Raffaelli, D. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35075055 · Cited by 326

Deep impact: the rising toll of fishing in the deep sea

Roberts, C. M. (2002) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(02)02492-8 · Cited by 324

The biodiversity of macrofaunal organisms in marine sediments

Snelgrove, P. V. R. (1998) · Biodiversity and Conservation · doi:10.1023/a:1008867313340 · Cited by 319

KILLER APPETITES: ASSESSING THE ROLE OF PREDATORS IN ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES

Williams, T. M., Estes, J. A., Doak, D. F., & Springer, A. M. (2004) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/03-0696 · Cited by 318

Diversity and Age Patterns in Hermatypic Corals

Stehli, F. G., & Wells, J. W. (1971) · Systematic Zoology · doi:10.2307/2412052 · Cited by 306

The biotic crisis and the future of evolution

Myers, N., & Knoll, A. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.091092498 · Cited by 300

Ecosystem consequences of diversity depend on food chain length in estuarine vegetation

Duffy, J. E., Richardson, J. P., & France, K. E. (2005) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00725.x · Cited by 294

Taxonomy of taxonomists

Gaston, K., & May, R. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/356281a0 · Cited by 275

Biological diversity: differences between land and sea

May, R. M. (1994) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1994.0014 · Cited by 259

Environmental response of upper trophic-level predators reveals a system change in an Antarctic marine ecosystem

Reid, K., & Croxall, J. P. (2001) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2000.1371 · Cited by 244

Measuring Past Biodiversity

Jackson, J. B. C., & Johnson, K. G. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1063789 · Cited by 239

Substrate use and temporal pattern of recruitment in juvenile fishes of the Mediterranean littoral

Garc�a-Rubies, A., & Macpherson, E. (1995) · Marine Biology · doi:10.1007/bf00349144 · Cited by 235

Mortalité massive d’invertébrés marins : un événement sans précédent en Méditerranée nord-occidentale

Pérez, T., Garrabou, J., Sartoretto, S., Harmelin, J., Francour, P., & Vacelet, J. (2000) · Comptes Rendus de l Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie · doi:10.1016/s0764-4469(00)01237-3 · Cited by 234

Trophic Control of Production in a Rocky Intertidal Community

Paine, R. T. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1069811 · Cited by 227

Habitat alteration and community-level effects of an exotic mussel, Musculista senhousia

Crooks, J. (1998) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps162137 · Cited by 221

Deep-sea fishes qualify as endangered

Devine, J. A., Baker, K. D., & Haedrich, R. L. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/439029a · Cited by 217

Historical Extinctions in the Sea

Carlton, J. T., Geller, J. B., Reaka-Kudla, M. L., & Norse, E. A. (1999) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.30.1.515 · Cited by 211

Microhabitat requirements for settlement of juvenile sparid fishes on Mediterranean rocky shores

Harmelin‐Vivien, M., Harmelin, J., & Leboulleux, V. (1995) · Hydrobiologia · doi:10.1007/bf00024471 · Cited by 210

Recolonization of Hermatypic Corals on Submerged Lava Flows in Hawaii

Grigg, R. W., & Maragos, J. E. (1974) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1935226 · Cited by 209

Marine diversity: the paradigms in patterns of species richness examined

Gray, J. S. (2001) · Scientia Marina · doi:10.3989/scimar.2001.65s241 · Cited by 209

Multiple “stable” states and the conservation of marine ecosystems

Knowlton, N. (2004) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2004.02.011 · Cited by 209

Marine biodiversity: patterns and processes

(1998) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.35-5641 · Cited by 205

Marine species richness

Poore, G. C. B., & Wilson, G. D. F. (1993) · Nature · doi:10.1038/361597a0 · Cited by 191

Community-wide distribution of predator–prey interaction strength in kelp forests

Sala, E., & Graham, M. H. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.052028499 · Cited by 179

Microhabitat requirements for settlement of juvenile sparid fishes on Mediterranean rocky shores

Harmelin‐Vivien, M., Harmelin, J., & Leboulleux, V. (1995) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-0293-3_28 · Cited by 174

Pathologies and mortality rates caused by organic carbon and nutrient stressors in three Caribbean coral species

Kuntz, N., Kline, D. I., Sandin, S. A., & Rohwer, F. L. (2005) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps294173 · Cited by 173

Vaquita Bycatch in Mexico's Artisanal Gillnet Fisheries: Driving a Small Population to Extinction

D'Agrosa, C., Lennert‐Cody, C. E., & Vidal, O. (2000) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.98191.x · Cited by 170

THE EFFECTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY IN PUP PRODUCTION OF ANTARCTIC FUR SEALS

Forcada, J., Trathan, P. N., Reid, K., & Murphy, E. J. (2005) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/04-1153 · Cited by 167

The Importance of the Natural Sciences to Conservation

Dayton, P. K. (2003) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/376572 · Cited by 167

Coral communities are regionally enriched along an oceanic biodiversity gradient

Karlson, R. H., Cornell, H. V., & Hughes, T. P. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02685 · Cited by 161

Community structure, succession and development of coral reefs in Hawaii

Grigg, R. (1983) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps011001 · Cited by 156

How extinction patterns affect ecosystems

Raffaelli, D. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1106365 · Cited by 154

Distribution shifts and overfishing the northern cod (Gadus morhua): a view from the ocean

Rose, G. A., deYoung, B., Kulka, D. W., Goddard, S. V., & Fletcher, G. L. (2000) · Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.1139/f00-004 · Cited by 154

THE MARINE ICHTHYOFAUNA OF THE EASTERN LEVANT—HISTORY, INVENTORY, AND CHARACTERIZATION

Golani, D. (2013) · Israel Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1080/00212210.1996.10688830 · Cited by 151

Human influences on coastal ecosystems: does overfishing create trophic cascades?

Steneck, R. (1998) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(98)01494-3 · Cited by 150

Coral community dynamics at multiple scales

Pandolfi, J. M. (2002) · Coral Reefs · doi:10.1007/s00338-001-0204-7 · Cited by 149

Biodiversity on land and in the sea

Benton, M. J. (2001) · Geological Journal · doi:10.1002/gj.877 · Cited by 144

Coastal and deep-sea benthic diversities compared

Gray, J. S., Poore, G., Ugland, K., Wilson, R. S., Olsgard, F., & Johannessen, O. H. (1997) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps159097 · Cited by 139

The Caulerpa racemosa Complex (Caulerpales, Ulvophyceae) in the Mediterranean Sea

Verlaque, M., Boudouresque, C., Meinesz, A., & Gravez, V. (2000) · Botanica Marina · doi:10.1515/bot.2000.005 · Cited by 135

Algal succession in a Macrocystis pyrifera forest

Foster, M. S. (1975) · Marine Biology · doi:10.1007/bf00388989 · Cited by 134

Effects of gelatinous plankton on Black Sea and Sea of Azov fish and their food resources

Shiganova, T. A. (2000) · ICES Journal of Marine Science · doi:10.1006/jmsc.2000.0736 · Cited by 129

The evolution explosion: how humans cause rapid evolutionary change

(2001) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.39-1550 · Cited by 128

The First Historical Extinction of a Marine Invertebrate in an Ocean Basin: The Demise of the Eelgrass Limpet Lottia alveus

Carlton, J. T., Vermeij, G. J., Lindberg, D. R., Carlton, D. A., & Dubley, E. C. (1991) · Biological Bulletin · doi:10.2307/1542430 · Cited by 127

Simultaneous 'hotspots' and 'coldspots' of marine biodiversity and implications for global conservation

Price, A. (2002) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps241023 · Cited by 115

HABITAT–FISHERY LINKAGES AND MANGROVE LOSS IN THAILAND

Barbier, E. B. (2002) · Contemporary Economic Policy · doi:10.1093/cep/21.1.59 · Cited by 113

Els vegetals i la zonació litoral: espècies, comunitats i factors que influeixen en la seva distribució

Ballesteros, E. (1992) · DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) · Cited by 111

Spread of the green alga Caulerpa taxifolia (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) in the Mediterranean: possible consequences of a major ecological event

Boudouresque, C., Meinesz, A., Siguán, M. A. R., & Ballesteros, E. (1995) · DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) · Cited by 105

Human alterations of marine communities: students beware!

Steneck, R. S., & Carlton, J. (2001) · Cited by 87

Extinction on the high seas

Malakoff, D. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.277.5325.486 · Cited by 86

Are current estimates of coral reef biodiversity too low? The view through the window of a microcosm

Small, A., Adey, W. H., & Spoon, D. M. (1998) · Atoll research bulletin · doi:10.5479/si.00775630.458.1 · Cited by 85

An inverse relationship between stability and maturity in models of aquatic ecosystems

Pérez‐España, H., & Arreguı́n-Sánchez, F. (2001) · Ecological Modelling · doi:10.1016/s0304-3800(01)00390-8 · Cited by 81

Changes in the Euro‐Atlantic fish species composition resulting from fishing and ocean warming

Quéro, J.-C. (1998) · The European Zoological Journal · doi:10.1080/11250009809386873 · Cited by 80

Near extinction of an exploited marine invertebrate

Tegner, M. J., Basch, L. V., & Dayton, P. K. (1996) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/0169-5347(96)30029-3 · Cited by 77

Kelp Communities and Sea Otters: Keystone Species or Just Another Brick in the Wall?

Foster, M. S., & Schiel, D. R. (1988) · Ecological studies · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-72845-7_5 · Cited by 73

Species Diversity: Land and Sea Compared

Briggs, J. C. (1994) · Systematic Biology · doi:10.1093/sysbio/43.1.130 · Cited by 73

Understanding marine biodiversity: A research agenda for the Nation

Fisk, G. W. (1996) · Ocean & Coastal Management · doi:10.1016/0964-5691(96)00023-3 · Cited by 67

Sliding Baselines, Ghosts, and Reduced Expectations in Kelp Forest Communities

Dayton, P. K., Tegner, M. J., Edwards, P. B., et al. (1998) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.2307/2641070 · Cited by 55

Killer Algae, The True Tale of Biological Invasion

Patchett, J. (2000) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(00)00054-9 · Cited by 51

The Impacts of a Nonindigenous Marine Predator in a California Bay

Grosholz, E. D., Ruiz, G. M., Dean, C. A., Shirley, K. A., Maron, J. L., & Connors, P. G. (2000) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/177202 · Cited by 42

THE CARIBBEAN MONK SEAL IS EXTINCT

LeBoeuf, B. J., Kenyon, K. W., & Villa-Ramírez, B. (1986) · Marine Mammal Science · doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1986.tb00028.x · Cited by 41

History of marine biodiversity

Sheehan, P. M. (2001) · Geological Journal · doi:10.1002/gj.890 · Cited by 40

GEO Year Book 2004/5: An Overview of Our Changing Environment

Harrison, P. (2005) · Cited by 38

The Census of Marine Life: goals, scope and strategy

Yarincik, K., & O'Dor, R. K. (2005) · Scientia Marina · doi:10.3989/scimar.2005.69s1201 · Cited by 35

Marine Biodiversity

Tickell, C. (1997) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511752360 · Cited by 26

Effects of Desertification Caused by Lithophaga lithophaga (Mollusca) Fishery on Littoral Fish Assemblages along Rocky Coasts of Southeastern Italy

Guidetti, P., Fraschetti, S., Terlizzi, A., & Boero, F. (2004) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00343.x · Cited by 25

A new picture of life's history on Earth

Newman, M. E. J. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.121190498 · Cited by 22

Food-web theory provides guidelines for marine conservation

Sala, E., & Sugihara, G. (2005) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564836.003.0014 · Cited by 21

Marine Biodiversity: Subject index

Ormond, R., Gage, J., Angel, M., & Tickell, C. (1997) · Cited by 18

Marine Biodiversity: Author index

Ormond, R., Gage, J., Angel, M., & Tickell, C. (1997) · Cited by 18

How to Census Marine Life: ocean realm field projects

O'Dor, R. K., & Gallardo, V. A. (2005) · Scientia Marina · doi:10.3989/scimar.2005.69s1181 · Cited by 14

Polar Bears at Risk

Norris, S., & Eid, P. M. (2002) · Cited by 2

Middle Archean continent formation by crustal delamination

Zegers, T. E., & van Keken, P. E. (2001) · Geology · doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029

Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity

(2004) · doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030

Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change

Díaz, S., Settele, J., Brondízio, E. S., Ngo, H. T., Agard, J., Arneth, A., Balvanera, P., Brauman, K. A., Butchart, S. H. M., Chan, K. M. A., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aax3100 · Cited by 2,926

Global Biodiversity Conservation: The Critical Role of Hotspots

Mittermeier, R. A., Turner, W. R., Larsen, F. W., Brooks, T. M., & Gascon, C. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20992-5_1 · Cited by 1,938

The New Field of Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Studying Entrepreneurial Action Linking “What is to be Sustained” with “What is to be Developed”

Shepherd, D. A., & Patzelt, H. (2011) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2010.00426.x · Cited by 1,521

Quantifying the evidence for ecological synergies

Darling, E. S., & Côté, I. M. (2008) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01243.x · Cited by 723

Guiding ecological principles for marine spatial planning

Foley, M. M., Halpern, B. S., Micheli, F., Armsby, M. H., Caldwell, M. R., Crain, C. M., Prahler, E. E., Rohr, N., Sivas, D., Beck, M. W., et al. (2010) · Marine Policy · doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2010.02.001 · Cited by 611

Rapid reorganization of global biodiversity

Eriksson, B. K., & Hillebrand, H. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaz4520 · Cited by 43

Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services

Worm, B., Barbier, E. B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J. E., Folke, C., Halpern, B. S., Jackson, J. B. C., Lotze, H. K., Micheli, F., Palumbi, S. R., et al. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1132294 · Cited by 4,544

Biodiversity Loss in the Ocean: How Bad Is It?

Murawski, S. A., Methot, R. M., & Tromble, G. R. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.316.5829.1281b · Cited by 62

Marine Biodiversity

Snelgrove, P. V. R., & Danovaro, R. (2023) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/obo/9780199830060-0245 · Cited by 3

RESEARCH ARTICLE Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services

Worm, B., Barbier, E. B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J. E., Folke, C., Halpern, B. S., Jackson, J. B. C., Lotze, H. K., Micheli, F., & Stachowicz, J. J. (2013)