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Sex Segregation in the Workplace
Abstract
This chapter reviews research on the segregation of women and men in the workplace. After examining ways to measure segregation, I summarize trends in sex segregation in the United States and cross-nationally. Occupational segregation has declined since 1970, but most workers remain in sex segregated jobs. I then evaluate the empirical support for explanations for segregation. Demand-side explanations include employers' preferences, the demand for workers, economic pressures, discrimination, and personnel practices. Supply-side explanations include the size of the labor supply, the neoclassical human-capital explanation, gender-role socialization, workers' values, and the opportunity structure. I conclude that a variety of social and economic forces operate both to perpetuate and to reduce segregation. However, workplace segregation is an important mechanism in sex stratification, and a stratification perspective stresses the importance of demand-side factors. I call for research on sex segregation that examines the behavior of all labor market actors.
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Citations
Cited by
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Correll, S. J. (2001) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/321299 · Cited by 1,320
The Gender System and Interaction
Ridgeway, C. L., & Smith-Lovin, L. (1999) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.191 · Cited by 796
Gender, Race, and Meritocracy in Organizational Careers
Castilla, E. J. (2008) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/588738 · Cited by 717
Why Not Ascription? Organizations' Employment of Male and Female Managers
Reskin, B. F., & McBrier, D. B. (2000) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2657438 · Cited by 501
Self-citationEqual but Separate? A Cross-National Study of Sex Segregation in Higher Education
Charles, M., & Bradley, K. (2002) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/3088946 · Cited by 491
Tay, B., Jung, Y., & Park, T. (2014) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2014.05.014 · Cited by 490
Chattopadhyay, P., Tluchowska, M., & George, E. (2004) · The Academy of Management Review · doi:10.2307/20159028 · Cited by 362
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Metadata
- Authors
- Reskin, B.
- Venue
- Annual Review of Sociology
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 1993-08
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 241-270
- ISSN
- 0360-0572 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-2115
- OpenAlex
- W4292081210
- Cited by
- 781
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 26.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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