The DOI matches its Crossref record; 132 of the 132 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Three-dimensional cell cultures: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications
Abstract
This article reviews actual advances in the development and application of three-dimensional (3-D) cell culture systems. Recent therapeutically oriented studies include characterization of multicellular-mediated drug resistance, novel ways of quantifying hypoxia, and new approaches to more efficient immunotherapy. Recent progress toward understanding the development of necrosis in tumor spheroids has been made using novel spheroid models. 3-D cultures have been used for studies on molecular mechanisms involved in invasion and metastasis, with a major focus on the role of E-cadherin. Similarly, tumor angiogenesis and the significance of vascular endothelial growth factor have been investigated in a variety of 3-D culture systems. There are many ongoing developments in tissue modeling or remodeling that promise significant progress toward the development of bioartificial liver support and artificial blood. Perhaps one of the most interesting areas of basic research with 3-D cultures is the characterization of embryoid bodies obtained from stable embryonic stem cells. These models have greatly increased the understanding of embryonic development, in particular through the notable exceptional advances in cardiogenesis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Identification of programmed cell death in situ via specific labeling of nuclear DNA fragmentation.
Gavrieli, Y., Sherman, Y., & Ben-Sasson, S. A. (1992) · The Journal of cell biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.119.3.493 · Cited by 9,444
Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos
Evans, M. J., & Kaufman, M. H. (1981) · Nature · doi:10.1038/292154a0 · Cited by 8,607
Martin, G. R. (1981) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.78.12.7634 · Cited by 5,746
Cell and environment interactions in tumor microregions: the multicell spheroid model.
Sutherland, R. M. (1988) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2451290 · Cited by 1,803
The comet assay: a comprehensive review
Fairbairn, D. W., Olive, P. L., & O'Neill, K. L. (1995) · Mutation Research/Reviews in Genetic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/0165-1110(94)00013-3 · Cited by 1,664
Embryonic Stem Cells Express Neuronal Properties in Vitro
Bain, G., Kitchens, D., Yao, M., Huettner, J. E., & Gottlieb, D. I. (1995) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1006/dbio.1995.1085 · Cited by 1,168
In vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells
Keller, G. M. (1995) · Current Opinion in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/0955-0674(95)80071-9 · Cited by 953
Generation of Lymphohematopoietic Cells from Embryonic Stem Cells in Culture
Nakano, T., Kodama, H., & Honjo, T. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8066449 · Cited by 871
Elfgang, C., Eckert, R., Lichtenberg-Fraté, H., Butterweck, A., Traub, O., Klein, R. A., Hülser, D. F., & Willecke, K. (1995) · The Journal of cell biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.129.3.805 · Cited by 813
Rotation-mediated histogenetic aggregation of dissociated cells
Moscona, A. (1961) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/0014-4827(61)90122-7 · Cited by 751
Cited by
The third dimension bridges the gap between cell culture and live tissue
Pampaloni, F., Reynaud, E. G., & Stelzer, E. H. K. (2007) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2236 · Cited by 2,817
Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy: Mechanisms, Monitoring, and Optimization
Celli, J. P., Spring, B. Q., Rizvi, I., Evans, C. L., Samkoe, K. S., Verma, S., Pogue, B. W., & Hasan, T. (2010) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr900300p · Cited by 2,324
Deconstructing the third dimension – how 3D culture microenvironments alter cellular cues
Baker, B. M., & Chen, C. S. (2012) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.079509 · Cited by 1,760
Modeling Tissue Morphogenesis and Cancer in 3D
Yamada, K. M., & Cukierman, E. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.08.006 · Cited by 1,751
Spheroid-based drug screen: Considerations and practical approach
Friedrich, J., Seidel, C., Ebner, R., & Kunz-Schughart, L. A. (2009) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2008.226 · Cited by 1,742
Metadata
- Authors
- Mueller-Klieser, W.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1997-10-01
- Volume
- 273
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- C1109-C1123
- ISSN
- 0363-6143 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1563
- OpenAlex
- W1908801241
- Cited by
- 537
- References
- 132
- FWCI
- 8.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Three-dimensional cell cultures: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1152/ajpcell.1997.273.4.c1109
- The paper
- Mueller-Klieser, W. (1997). Three-dimensional cell cultures: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1997.273.4.c1109
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
