Cell and environment interactions in tumor microregions: the multicell spheroid model.
Abstract
Abnormal vascularization of malignant tumors is associated with the development of microregions of heterogeneous cells and environments. Experimental models such as multicell spheroids and a variety of new techniques are being used to determine the characteristics of these microregions and to study the interactions of the cells and microenvironments. The special cellular microecology of tumors influences responsiveness to therapeutic agents and has implications for future directions in cancer research.
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“The multicellular spheroid model [15] is at present considered an excellent in vitro model to study complex aspects of tumor physiology, especially those related to therapeutic strategies that cannot be adequately treated by other simpler models [16,17].”
BackgroundProgress in melanoma modelling in vitro
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- Authors
- Sutherland, R. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Rochester Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sutherland, Robert M.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1988-04-08
- Volume
- 240
- Issue
- 4849
- Pages
- 177-184
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2041585886
- Cited by
- 1,803
- References
- 130
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 70 · 2012: 49
- FWCI
- 24.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (CA1 1198, CA 11051, CA20329)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Modeling and Simulation › Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Keywords
- multicell spheroids, tumor microenvironment, tumor heterogeneity, tumor vascularization, cell-microenvironment interactions, cancer therapy response
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Cell Adhesion, Cell Differentiation, Cell Division, Humans, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Immunity, Neoplasms, Experimental, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Radiotherapy Dosage, Culture Techniques
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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