Long-term exposure to a high-fat diet results in the development of glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in interleukin-1 receptor I-deficient mice
Open accessAbstract
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that saturated fatty acids prime pro-IL-1β production and inflammasome-mediated IL-1β activation is critical in obesity-associated insulin resistance (IR). Nonetheless, IL-1 receptor I-deficient (IL-1RI−/−) mice develop mature-onset obesity despite consuming a low-fat diet (LFD). With this apparent contradiction, the present study evaluated whether IL-1RI−/− mice were protected against long-term (6 mo) high-fat diet (HFD)-induced IR. Male wild-type and IL-1RI−/− mice were fed LFD or HFD for 3 or 6 mo, and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. Adipose insulin sensitivity, cytokine profiles, and adipocyte morphology were assessed. The adipogenic potential of stromal vascular fraction was determined. Hepatic lipid accumulation and insulin sensitivity were characterized. IL-1RI−/− mice developed glucose intolerance and IR after 6 mo HFD compared with 3 mo HFD, coincident with enhanced weight gain, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia. The aggravated IR phenotype was associated with loss of adipose functionality, switch from adipocyte hyperplasia to hypertrophy and hepatosteatosis. Induction of adipogenic genes was reduced in IL-1RI−/− preadipocytes after 6 mo HFD compared with 3 mo HFD. Obese LFD-IL-1RI−/− mice exhibited preserved metabolic health. IL-1RI−/− mice develop glucose intolerance and IR after 6 mo HFD intervention. While mature-onset obesity is evident in LFD-IL-1RI−/− mice, the additional metabolic insult of HFD was required to drive adipose inflammation and systemic IR. These findings indicate an important interaction between dietary fat and IL-1, relevant to optimal metabolic health.
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Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β inhibit adipogenesis, or the ability of pre-adipocytes to mature into functional lipid-enriched adipocytes.
“Pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐1β inhibit adipogenesis, or the ability of pre‐adipocytes to mature into functional lipid‐enriched adipocytes.[ 33 ]”
From Pathogenesis of sarcopenia and the relationship with fat mass: descriptive review (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
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- Authors
- McGillicuddy, F. C., Reynolds, C. M., Finucane, O., Coleman, E., Harford, K. A., Grant, C., Sergi, D., Williams, L. M., Mills, K. H. G., & Roche, H. M.
- Affiliations
- University College Dublin (IE)
- University of Aberdeen (GB)
- Trinity College Dublin (IE)
- Corresponding author
- Roche, Helen M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2013-10-01
- Volume
- 305
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- E834-E844
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- PMC
- PMC3798700
- OpenAlex
- W2026796986
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (097311/Z/11/Z)
- Science Foundation Ireland
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- high-fat diet, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, obesity, adipose tissue inflammation, adipocyte hypertrophy, adipocyte hyperplasia, hepatic steatosis, hepatic lipid accumulation, adipogenesis, pro-IL-1β, inflammasome, leptin, hyperinsulinemia, dietary fat
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Dietary Fats, Fatty Liver, Glucose Tolerance Test, Inflammation, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Glucose Intolerance, Mice, Knockout, Leptin, Adiposity, Mice, Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I, Diet, High-Fat
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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