Inflammation and metabolism: the role of adiposity in sarcopenic obesity

Lynch, G. M.; Murphy, C. H.; Castro, E. de Marco; Roche, H. M.

doi:10.1017/s0029665120007119

Cited by 41Nutrition and Health in AgingAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesAdipose Tissue and Metabolism

Inflammation and metabolism: the role of adiposity in sarcopenic obesity

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Lynch, G. M., Murphy, C. H., Castro, E. de Marco, Roche, H. M.·2020·Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

DOI 10.1017/s0029665120007119

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Abstract

Sarcopenic obesity is characterised by the double burden of diminished skeletal muscle mass and the presence of excess adiposity. From a mechanistic perspective, both obesity and sarcopenia are associated with sub-acute, chronic pro-inflammatory states that impede metabolic processes, disrupting adipose and skeletal functionality, which may potentiate disease. Recent evidence suggests that there is an important cross-talk between metabolism and inflammation, which has shifted focus upon metabolic-inflammation as a key emerging biological interaction. Dietary intake, physical activity and nutritional status are important environmental factors that may modulate metabolic-inflammation. This paradigm will be discussed within the context of sarcopenic obesity risk. There is a paucity of data in relation to the nature and the extent to which nutritional status affects metabolic-inflammation in sarcopenic obesity. Research suggests that there may be scope for the modulation of sarcopenic obesity with alterations in diet. The potential impact of increasing protein consumption and reconfiguration of dietary fat composition in human dietary interventions are evaluated. This review will explore emerging data with respect to if and how different dietary components may modulate metabolic-inflammation, particularly with respect to adiposity, within the context of sarcopenic obesity.

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Secretion of cytokines by fat mass affects muscle tissue and other organs such as liver and white adipose tissue, thereby impairing insulin signaling and leading to insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and ultimately increased risk of mortality.
“the secretion of cytokines by fat mass not only affects muscle tissue but also other organs, such as the liver and white adipose tissue, thereby impairing insulin signaling and leading to insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and ultimately an increased risk of mortality (37, 38).”
From Sarcopenic obesity: epidemiology, pathophysiology, cardiovascular disease, mortality, and management (2023) · cites this paper as [38]

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Authors: Lynch, G. M., Murphy, C. H., Castro, E. D. M., & Roche, H. M.
Affiliations: University College Dublin (IE)
Corresponding author: Roche, H. M.
ORCID: Murphy, C. H.
Castro, E. de Marco
Roche, H. M.
Venue: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society
Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published: 2020-08-20
Volume: 79
Issue: 4
Pages: 435-447
ISSN: 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
1475-2719
DOI: 10.1017/s0029665120007119
OpenAlex: W3042664841
Cited by: 41
References: 194
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1
FWCI: 2.55
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations: Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Food Institutional Research Measure
European Commission (HORIZON2020, 666010)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
Keywords: sarcopenic obesity, inflammation, metabolism, adiposity, sarcopenia, skeletal muscle mass, metabolic inflammation, nutritional status, dietary protein, dietary fat composition, physical activity, dietary intervention

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Inflammation and metabolism: the role of adiposity in sarcopenic obesity

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