Skeletal muscle fiber type-selective effects of acute exercise on insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in insulin-resistant, high-fat-fed rats
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Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU) by skeletal muscle is enhanced several hours after acute exercise in rats with normal or reduced insulin sensitivity. Skeletal muscle is composed of multiple fiber types, but exercise’s effect on fiber type-specific insulin-stimulated GU in insulin-resistant muscle was previously unknown. Male rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD; 2 wk) and were either sedentary (SED) or exercised (2-h exercise). Other, low-fat diet-fed (LFD) rats remained SED. Rats were studied immediately postexercise (IPEX) or 3 h postexercise (3hPEX). Epitrochlearis muscles from IPEX rats were incubated in 2-deoxy-[ 3 H]glucose (2-[ 3 H]DG) without insulin. Epitrochlearis muscles from 3hPEX rats were incubated with 2-[ 3 H]DG ± 100 µU/ml insulin. After single fiber isolation, GU and fiber type were determined. Glycogen and lipid droplets (LDs) were assessed histochemically. GLUT4 abundance was determined by immunoblotting. In HFD-SED vs. LFD-SED rats, insulin-stimulated GU was decreased in type IIB, IIX, IIAX, and IIBX fibers. Insulin-independent GU IPEX was increased and glycogen content was decreased in all fiber types (types I, IIA, IIB, IIX, IIAX, and IIBX). Exercise by HFD-fed rats enhanced insulin-stimulated GU in all fiber types except type I. Single fiber analyses enabled discovery of striking fiber type-specific differences in HFD and exercise effects on insulin-stimulated GU. The fiber type-specific differences in insulin-stimulated GU postexercise in insulin-resistant muscle were not attributable to a lack of fiber recruitment, as indirectly evidenced by insulin-independent GU and glycogen IPEX, differences in multiple LD indexes, or altered GLUT4 abundance, implicating fiber type-selective differences in the cellular processes responsible for postexercise enhancement of insulin-mediated GLUT4 translocation.
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Even a single bout of exercise can enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in whole muscle tissue and individual muscle fibers.
“In fact, even a single bout of exercise can enhance insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in whole muscle tissue 103-105 and individual muscle fibers.106, 107”
From Hormonal and Metabolic Changes of Aging and the Influence of Lifestyle Modifications (2021) · cites this paper as [107]
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Lovell, A. J. (2020) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp281036 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Genders, A. J., Kuang, J., Marin, E. C. S., Saner, N. J., Botella, J., Jacques, M., McConell, G. K., Andrade‐Souza, V. A., Chagolla, J., & Bishop, D. J. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.07.06.190702
- Authors
- Pataky, M. W., Yu, C. S., Nie, Y., Arias, E. B., Singh, M., Mendias, C. L., Ploutz-Snyder, R. J., & Cartee, G. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Hospital for Special Surgery (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cartee, Gregory D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2019-05-01
- Volume
- 316
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- E695-E706
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- PMC
- PMC6580167
- OpenAlex
- W2913884155
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 1.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) (DK071771)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- acute exercise, insulin resistance, skeletal muscle fiber types, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, high-fat diet, GLUT4 translocation, epitrochlearis muscle, single fiber analysis, glycogen, lipid droplets, insulin-independent glucose uptake
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Glucose, Glycogen, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Rats, Wistar, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch, Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch, Glucose Transporter Type 4, Rats, Sedentary Behavior, Diet, High-Fat, Lipid Droplets
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