Long-term effects of dietary glycemic index on adiposity, energy metabolism, and physical activity in mice
Open accessAbstract
A high-glycemic index (GI) diet has been shown to increase adiposity in rodents; however, the long-term metabolic effects of a low- and high-GI diet have not been examined. In this study, a total of 48 male 129SvPas mice were fed diets high in either rapidly absorbed carbohydrate (RAC; high GI) or slowly absorbed carbohydrate (SAC; low GI) for up to 40 wk. Diets were controlled for macronutrient and micronutrient content, differing only in starch type. Body composition and insulin sensitivity were measured longitudinally by DEXA scan and oral glucose tolerance test, respectively. Food intake, respiratory quotient, physical activity, and energy expenditure were assessed using metabolic cages. Despite having similar mean body weights, mice fed the RAC diet had 40% greater body fat by the end of the study and a mean 2.2-fold greater insulin resistance compared with mice fed the SAC diet. Respiratory quotient was higher in the RAC group, indicating comparatively less fat oxidation. Although no differences in energy expenditure were observed throughout the study, total physical activity was 45% higher for the SAC-fed mice after 38 wk of feeding. We conclude that, in this animal model, 1) the effect of GI on body composition is mediated by changes in substrate oxidation, not energy intake; 2) a high-GI diet causes insulin resistance; and 3) dietary composition can affect physical activity level.
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In animals, high- compared with low-GI diets increase adiposity independently of energy intake, in association with lower physical activity level.
“In animals, high- compared with low-GI diets increase adiposity independently of energy intake, in association with lower physical activity level (45, 93–96).”
From The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [45]
A similar sequence of metabolic events, independent of increased food intake, occurs during development of obesity with insulin administration and with a high-GI diet.
“A similar sequence of metabolic events, independent of increased food intake, occurs during development of obesity with insulin administration (65, 120) and with a high-GI diet (45, 93–96).”
From The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [45]
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Carvajal‐Aldaz, D. (2015) · doi:10.31390/gradschool_dissertations.916
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- Authors
- Scribner, K. B., Pawlak, D. B., Aubin, C. M., Majzoub, J. A., & Ludwig, D. S.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2008-11
- Volume
- 295
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- E1126-E1131
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- PMC
- PMC2584816
- OpenAlex
- W2120654669
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Charles H. Hood Foundation
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32-DK-07699, T32DK007699, P30DK040561)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- dietary glycemic index, high glycemic index diet, starch type, adiposity, fat mass, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, energy metabolism, respiratory quotient, fat oxidation, energy expenditure, physical activity, dietary intake
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Animals, Blood Glucose, Body Composition, Body Weight, Energy Intake, Diet, Energy Metabolism, Feces, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Mice, Inbred Strains, Motor Activity, Pulmonary Gas Exchange, Glycemic Index, Adiposity, Mice
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