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Cited by 103Diet, Metabolism, and DiseaseFood composition and propertiesRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

High glycemic index starch promotes hypersecretion of insulin and higher body fat in rats without affecting insulin sensitivity

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Pawlak, Dorota B., Bryson, Janet M., Denyer, Gareth S., Brand-Miller, Janette C.·2001·The Journal of Nutrition
DOI 10.1093/jn/131.1.99
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Abstract

In rats, prolonged feeding of high glycemic index (GI) starch results in basal hyperinsulinemia and an elevated insulin response to an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT). The aim of this study was to assess hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance (IR) using euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps. Insulin sensitivity, epididymal fat deposition and fasting leptin concentrations were compared in rats fed isocalorically a low or high GI diet for 7 wk (45% carbohydrate, 35% fat and 20% protein as energy) or a high fat diet (20% carbohydrate, 59% fat and 21% protein as energy) for 4 wk so that final body weights were similar. At the end of the study, high GI rats had higher basal leptin concentration and epididymal fat mass than the low GI group, despite comparable body weights. High GI and high fat feeding both resulted in the higher insulin response during IVGTT, but impaired glucose tolerance was seen only in rats fed high fat. The GI of the diet did not affect basal and clamp glucose uptake or hepatic glucose output, but high fat feeding induced both peripheral and hepatic IR. The findings suggest that hypersecretion of insulin without IR may be one mechanism for increased fat deposition in rats fed high GI diets.

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  • In animals, high- compared with low-GI diets increase adiposity independently of energy intake, in association with lower physical activity level.

    “In animals, high- compared with low-GI diets increase adiposity independently of energy intake, in association with lower physical activity level (45, 93–96).”

    From The carbohydrate-insulin model: A physiological perspective on the obesity pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [95]

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Authors
Pawlak, D. B., Bryson, J. M., Denyer, G. S., & Brand-Miller, J. C.
Affiliations
The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author
Brand-Miller, Janette C.
ORCID
Denyer, Gareth S.
Venue
The Journal of Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2001-01
Volume
131
Issue
1
Pages
99-104
ISSN
0022-3166 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/jn/131.1.99
OpenAlex
W2131353654
Cited by
103
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
FWCI
3.45
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords
high glycemic index diet, starch, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, fat deposition, epididymal adipose tissue, leptin, hepatic glucose production, glucose uptake, high-fat diet, glucose tolerance, insulin secretion
MeSH terms
Insulin Secretion, Adipose Tissue, Animals, Blood, Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Epididymis, Food Deprivation, Glucose Tolerance Test, Insulin, Male, Starch, Glucose Clamp Technique, Rats, Wistar, Rats

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