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Hypothalamic oxytocin mediates adaptation mechanism against chronic stress in rats
Open accessAbstract
Accumulation of continuous life stress (chronic stress) often causes gastric symptoms. Although central oxytocin has antistress effects, the role of central oxytocin in stress-induced gastric dysmotility remains unknown. Solid gastric emptying was measured in rats receiving acute restraint stress, 5 consecutive days of repeated restraint stress (chronic homotypic stress), and 7 consecutive days of varying types of stress (chronic heterotypic stress). Oxytocin and oxytocin receptor antagonist were administered intracerebroventricularly (icv). Expression of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA and oxytocin mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. The changes of oxytocinergic neurons in the PVN were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Acute stress delayed gastric emptying, and the delayed gastric emptying was completely restored after 5 consecutive days of chronic homotypic stress. In contrast, delayed gastric emptying persisted following chronic heterotypic stress. The restored gastric emptying following chronic homotypic stress was antagonized by icv injection of an oxytocin antagonist. Icv injection of oxytocin restored delayed gastric emptying induced by chronic heterotypic stress. CRF mRNA expression, which was significantly increased in response to acute stress and chronic heterotypic stress, returned to the basal levels following chronic homotypic stress. In contrast, oxytocin mRNA expression was significantly increased following chronic homotypic stress. The number of oxytocin-immunoreactive cells was increased following chronic homotypic stress at the magnocellular part of the PVN. Icv injection of oxytocin reduced CRF mRNA expression induced by acute stress and chronic heterotypic stress. It is suggested that the adaptation mechanism to chronic stress may involve the upregulation of oxytocin expression in the hypothalamus, which in turn attenuates CRF expression.
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“Animal studies have demonstrated that oxytocin plays an important role in lowering the physiological stress and anxiety response by activating a negative feedback loop (Onaka et al., 2012;Zheng et al., 2010).”
From Meta-analytic review of the effects of a single dose of intranasal oxytocin on threat processing in humans (2018) · cites this paper as Zheng et al., 2010
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“Elevated oxytocin secretion from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus following a stressful event is believed to lead to increased availability of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which in turn is believed to inhibit the HPA axis and amygdala activation (Onaka et al., 2012;Zheng et al., 2010).”
From Meta-analytic review of the effects of a single dose of intranasal oxytocin on threat processing in humans (2018) · cites this paper as Zheng et al., 2010
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The orexigenic hormone ghrelin defends against depressive symptoms of chronic stress
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Belém-Filho, I. J. A., Frias, A. T., da Silva, G. V. L., Zangrossi-Junior¹, H., & Corrêa, F. M. D. A. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11174535/v1
Linnen, A. (2011) · Spectrum Research Repository (Concordia University)
Metadata
- Authors
- Zheng, J., Babygirija, R., Bülbül, M., Cerjak, D., Ludwig, K., & Takahashi, T.
- Affiliations
- Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
- Corresponding author
- Takahashi, Toku
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2010-10
- Volume
- 299
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- G946-G953
- ISSN
- 0193-1857 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1547
- PMC
- PMC2957337
- OpenAlex
- W2143119886
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 12.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01 DK 62768, R01DK062768)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Keywords
- chronic stress, stress adaptation, gastric emptying, corticotropin-releasing factor, paraventricular nucleus, hypothalamus, oxytocin receptor antagonist, magnocellular neurons, acute restraint stress
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Chronic Disease, Gene Expression Regulation, Hypothalamus, Immunohistochemistry, Injections, Intraventricular, Male, Oxytocics, Oxytocin, Restraint, Physical, RNA, Messenger, Stress, Physiological, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Oxytocin, Rats
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