Immunohistochemical identification of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that project to the medulla or to the spinal cord in the rat

Sawchenko, P. E.; Swanson, L. W.

doi:10.1002/cne.902050306

Cited by 1,150Neuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyNeuroendocrine regulation and behaviorRegulation of Appetite and Obesity

Immunohistochemical identification of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that project to the medulla or to the spinal cord in the rat

Sawchenko, P. E., Swanson, L. W.·1982·Journal of Comparative Neurology

DOI 10.1002/cne.902050306

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Abstract

A method that allows the concurrent localization of an antigen and a retrogradely transported fluorescent dye (true blue) was used to identify, immunohistochemically, cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) that project to autonomic centers in the brainstem or in the spinal cord of the adult albino rat. After placing injections of true blue in the dorsal vagal complex or in upper thoracic segments of the spinal cord, series of evenly spaced sections through the PVH were stained with antisera directed against oxytocin, vasopressin, somatostatin, methionine‐enkephalin, or leucine‐encephalin. The results indicate that both oxytocin‐ and vasopressin‐stained cells in the PVH project to the spinal cord and (or) to the dorsal vagal complex, although about three times as many oxytocinstained cells were doubly labeled after injections centered in either terminal field. The oxytocin‐ and vasopressin‐stained cells that give rise to these long descending projections were found primarily in caudal parts of the parvo cellular division of the PVH, where immunoreactive cells were shown to be significantly smaller than oxytocin‐ and vasopressin‐stained cells in parts of the nucleus that project to the posterior pituitary. Small populations of cells in the PVH that cross‐react with antisera against somatostatin, leucine‐enkephalin, or methionine‐enkephalin were also shown to project directly to the region of the dorsal vagal complex and to the spinal cord, and to have a unique distribution within the PVH. Collectively, the total number of doubly labeled cells that were identified in these experiments accounts for only about one‐fourth of the total number of PVH neurons with long descending projections, thus suggesting that additional neuroactive substances are contained within these pathways.

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The disappearance of vasopressin and oxytocin fibers from the nucleus of the solitary tract following lesioning of the area of the paraventricular nucleus confirms the results of retrograde tracing studies.
“The disappearance of VP and oxytocin fibers from the nucleus of the solitary tract following lesioning of the area of the PVN confirms the results of the retrograde tracing studies mentioned before19,21.”
From The origin of the vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic innervation of the rat brain with special reference to the lateral septum (1983) · cites this paper as Sawchenko and Swanson, 1982
Combined retrograde tracing and immunocytochemistry showed that part of the projection from the paraventricular nucleus to the nucleus of the solitary tract contains vasopressin and oxytocin.
“When this technique was combined with immunocytochemistry, part of this projection from the PVN was indeed found to contain VP and oxytocin19,21.”
From The origin of the vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic innervation of the rat brain with special reference to the lateral septum (1983) · cites this paper as Sawchenko and Swanson, 1982

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Authors: Sawchenko, P. E., & Swanson, L. W.
Affiliations: Salk Institute for Biological Studies (US)
ORCID: Sawchenko, P. E.
Swanson, L. W.
Venue: Journal of Comparative Neurology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1982-03
Volume: 205
Issue: 3
Pages: 260-272
ISSN: 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
1096-9861
DOI: 10.1002/cne.902050306
OpenAlex: W2003590296
Cited by: 1,150
References: 5
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 36
FWCI: 13.62
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 8258 d)
Locations: The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
Keywords: paraventricular nucleus, descending projections, dorsal vagal complex, spinal cord, oxytocin, vasopressin, somatostatin, met-enkephalin, leu-enkephalin, retrograde tracing, autonomic regulation, rats
MeSH terms: Animals, Brain Mapping, Efferent Pathways, Enkephalins, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Histocytochemistry, Hypothalamus, Male, Medulla Oblongata, Oxytocin, Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus, Rats, Inbred Strains, Somatostatin, Spinal Cord, Vasopressins, Rats

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Immunohistochemical identification of neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus that project to the medulla or to the spinal cord in the rat

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