Effects of selective slow-wave sleep deprivation on nocturnal blood pressure dipping and daytime blood pressure regulation
Abstract
Nocturnal blood pressure (BP) decline or “dipping” is an active, central, nervously governed process, which is important for BP regulation during daytime. It is, however, not known whether the sleep process itself or, more specifically, slow-wave sleep (SWS) is important for normal dipping. Therefore, in the present study, healthy subjects (6 females, 5 males) were selectively deprived of SWS by EEG-guided acoustic arousals. BP and heart rate (HR) were monitored during experimental nights and the following day. Additionally, nocturnal catecholamine excretion was determined, and morning baroreflex function was assessed by microneurographic measurements of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) and heart rate variability (HRV). Data were compared with a crossover condition of undisturbed sleep. SWS was successfully deprived leading to significantly attenuated mean arterial BP dipping during the first half ( P < 0.05), but not during the rapid-eye-movement-dominated second half of total sleep; however, dipping still evolved even in the absence of SWS. No differences were found for nighttime catecholamine excretion. Moreover, daytime resting and ambulatory BP and HR were not altered, and morning MSNA and HRV did not differ significantly, indicating that baroreflex-mediated sympathoneural BP regulation was not affected by the preceding SWS deprivation. We conclude that in healthy humans the magnitude of nocturnal BP dipping is significantly affected by sleep depth. Deprivation of SWS during one night does not modulate the morning threshold and sensitivity of the vascular and cardiac baroreflex and does not alter ambulatory BP during daytime.
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Sympathetic activity is increased in sleep deprivation, restless leg syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea.
“Sympathetic activity is also increased in sleep deprivation, restless leg syndrome, and OSA.252–254”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [252]
The mechanism of poor sleep quality contributing to elevated blood pressure and paroxysmal bouts of very high blood pressure relates to activation of both the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
“The mechanism of poor sleep quality contributing to elevated BP and paroxysmal bouts of very high BP relates to activation of both the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.252–255”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [252]
Patients without obstructive sleep apnea who suffer from sleep deprivation, defined as less than a minimum of 6 hours of uninterrupted sleep, also have increased sympathetic activity.
“Patients without OSA who suffer from sleep deprivation, defined as less than a minimum of 6 hours of uninterrupted sleep, also have increased sympathetic activity.”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [252]
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- Authors
- Sayk, F., Teckentrup, C., Becker, C., Heutling, D., Wellhöner, P., Lehnert, H., & Dodt, C.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (DE)
- University of Warwick (GB)
- München Klinik Bogenhausen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Sayk, Friedhelm
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2010-01
- Volume
- 298
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- R191-R197
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W2137249854
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- slow-wave sleep, sleep deprivation, nocturnal blood pressure dipping, blood pressure regulation, baroreflex, muscle sympathetic nerve activity, heart rate variability, catecholamine excretion, sleep depth, ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Pressure, Circadian Rhythm, Electrocardiography, Electroencephalography, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Sleep Deprivation, Sleep, REM, Sympathetic Nervous System, Baroreflex
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