The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 103 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: role of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species
Abstract
The cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS), with its increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD), has become a growing worldwide health problem. Insulin resistance is a key factor for the development of the CMS and is strongly related to obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), CKD, and NAFLD. Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is particularly important since it is normally responsible for more than 75% of all insulin-mediated glucose disposal. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for skeletal muscle insulin resistance remain poorly defined. Accumulating evidence indicates that low-grade chronic inflammation and oxidative stress play fundamental roles in the development of insulin resistance, and inflammatory cytokines likely contribute to the link between inflammation, oxidative stress, and skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Understanding the mechanisms by which skeletal muscle tissue develops resistance to insulin will provide attractive targets for interventions, which may ultimately curb this serious problem. This review is focused on the effects of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress on insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and consequent development of insulin resistance.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN RETRACTED Exercise induces interleukin‐8 expression in human skeletal muscle
Akerstrom, T. C. A., Steensberg, A., Keller, P., Keller, C., Penkowa, M., & Pedersen, B. K. (2004) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2004.077610 · Cited by 131
RetractedPathogen Recognition and Innate Immunity
Akira, S., Uematsu, S., & Takeuchi, O. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.015 · Cited by 11,952
Adipose Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α: Direct Role in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance
Hotamisligil, G. S., Shargill, N. S., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7678183 · Cited by 7,518
Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome
Furukawa, S., Fujita, T., Shimabukuro, M., Iwaki, M., Yamada, Y., Nakajima, Y., Nakayama, O., Makishima, M., Matsuda, M., & Shimomura, I. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci21625 · Cited by 5,508
Inflammation and insulin resistance
Shoelson, S. E. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29069 · Cited by 4,769
Obesity induces a phenotypic switch in adipose tissue macrophage polarization
Lumeng, C. N., Bodzin, J. L., & Saltiel, A. R. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29881 · Cited by 4,664
Inflammation, stress, and diabetes
Wellen, K. E., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci25102 · Cited by 4,143
Hotamisligil, G. S., Arner, P., Caro, J. F., Atkinson, R. L., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1995) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci117936 · Cited by 3,543
A central role for JNK in obesity and insulin resistance
Hirosumi, J., Tuncman, G., Chang, L., Görgün, C. Z., Uysal, K. T., Maeda, K., Karin, M., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01137 · Cited by 3,359
Kanda, H. (2006) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci26498 · Cited by 2,682
Cited by
Inflammation in obesity, diabetes, and related disorders
Rohm, T. V., Meier, D. T., Olefsky, J. M., & Donath, M. Y. (2022) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.12.013 · Cited by 2,066
Skeletal muscle inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity
Wu, H., & Ballantyne, C. M. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci88880 · Cited by 695
Kell, D. B. (2009) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/1755-8794-2-2 · Cited by 554
Metabolic endotoxemia with obesity: Is it real and is it relevant?
Boutagy, N. E., McMillan, R. P., Frisard, M. I., & Hulver, M. W. (2016) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2015.06.020 · Cited by 413
Hilton, T. N., Tuttle, L. J., Bohnert, K. L., Mueller, M. J., & Sinacore, D. R. (2008) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20080079 · Cited by 373
Metadata
- Authors
- Wei, Y., Chen, K., Whaley-Connell, A. T., Stump, C. S., Ibdah, J. A., & Sowers, J. R.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 294
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- R673-R680
- ISSN
- 0363-6119 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1490
- OpenAlex
- W1968755349
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 103
- FWCI
- 10.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: role of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1152/ajpregu.00561.2007
- The paper
- Wei, Y., Chen, K., Whaley-Connell, A. T., Stump, C. S., Ibdah, J. A., & Sowers, J. R. (2008). Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: role of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00561.2007
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
