Glucagon and plasma catecholamine responses to graded and prolonged exercise in man
Abstract
Eight men were studied during graded (47, 77, and 100% of maximal oxygen uptake) and prolonged (76%) exhaustive treadmill running. During graded exercise the glucagon concentration increased 35% from 81 plus or minus 7 pg/ml (mean and SE) at rest to 109 plus or minus 17 after the heaviest load. During prolonged exercise glucagon increased progressively to three times (226 plus or minus 40) the resting value. Norepinephrine increased from 0.40 plus or minus 0.06 ng/ml to 2.22 plus or minus 0.39, epinephrine from 0.07 plus or minus 0.01 to 0.42 plus or minus 0.13 during graded, and to 1.51 plus or minus 0.08 and 0.33 plus or minus 0.04, respectively, during prolonged exercise. Insulin concentrations were depressed during work except for the heaviest load. Fatty acids rose throughout prolonged exercise, whereas blood glucose significantly diminished 30 min afterward. Glucagon concentrations correlated significantly with norepinephrine and epinephrine concentrations during prolonged and with epinephrine during graded exercise. Although increments in catecholamines were similar, the glucagon secretion was larger during prolonged than during graded exercise. While increments in catecholamines might explain increased glucagon secretion during graded exercise, they cannot account completely for the rise of glucagon during prolonged exercise.
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Plasma epinephrine concentrations of >400 pg/ml occur during heavy exercise and absolute hypoglycemia, as well as during a variety of acute illnesses.
“As noted earlier, plasma epinephrine concentrations of this magnitude do occur during heavy exercise and absolute hypoglycemia, as well as during a variety of acute illnesses.”
From Epinephrine plasma metabolic clearance rates and physiologic thresholds for metabolic and hemodynamic actions in man. (1980) · cites this paper as [27]
Mean plasma epinephrine concentrations rise nearly 2-fold during quiet standing, ~3-fold during cigarette smoking, from 2-13-fold during mild to heavy exercise, and 50-fold during insulin-induced hypoglycemia.
“mean plasma epinephrine concentrations rise nearly 2-fold during quiet standing (6), ~3-fold during cigarette smoking (26), from 2–13-fold during mild to heavy exercise (27), and 50fold during insulin-induced hypoglycemia (28).”
From Epinephrine plasma metabolic clearance rates and physiologic thresholds for metabolic and hemodynamic actions in man. (1980) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Galbo, H., Holst, J. J., & Christensen, N. J.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1975-01-01
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 70-76
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W1910934302
- Cited by
- 406
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 24.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Keywords
- glucagon, catecholamines, norepinephrine, epinephrine, graded exercise, prolonged exercise, insulin, fatty acids, blood glucose, exercise metabolism, hormonal regulation of metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Epinephrine, Physical Exertion, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, Glucagon, Heart Rate, Hematocrit, Humans, Insulin, Lactates, Male, Norepinephrine, Oxygen Consumption, Time Factors
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