Effect of moderate exercise on bowel habit.
Open accessAbstract
Ten healthy volunteers (six men and four women, aged 22-41 years) were studied in a crossover trial. The study was divided into three one week periods. During each period the subjects either ran on a treadmill, cycled on a bicycle ergometer, or rested in a chair for 1 hour every day. The exercise was performed at two thirds predicted maximum heart rate (equivalent to 50% VO2 max). The sequences were rotated; no studies were performed in the perimenstrual period. Transit was measured by the method of measuring the excretion of a single dose of radio-opaque markers; all stools were collected, weighed, and x rayed after the ingestion of radio-opaque markers. Dietary fibre and fluid intake were measured on the fourth day of each test period by 24 hour record. Lifestyle was otherwise unchanged. Transit time was dramatically accelerated by moderate exercise (both jogging and cycling); however, stool weight, defecation frequency, dietary fibre intake, and fluid intake did not change significantly. Whole gut transit changed from 51.2 hours (95% confidence intervals 41.9 to 60.5) at rest to 36.6 hours (31.6 to 39.2) when riding and 34.0 hours (28.8 to 39.2) when jogging. Riding and running both differed significantly from resting (p less than 0.01); the difference between riding and running was not significant.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Repeated bouts of aerobic exercise can increase GI transit time in healthy individuals and middle-aged patients with chronic constipation.
“Repeated bouts of aerobic exercise can increase GI transit time in healthy individuals and middle-aged patients with chronic constipation [118–120].”
From The athletic gut microbiota (2020) · cites this paper as [120]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Effect of physical training on cardiovascular adjustments to exercise in man.
Clausen, J. P. (1977) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.1977.57.4.779 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Adaptations to Physical Training
Scheuer, J., & Tipton, C. M. (1977) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ph.39.030177.001253 · Cited by 478 · see citing works
Multiple hormonal responses to graded exercise in relation to physical training.
Hartley, L. H., Mason, J. W., Hogan, R. P., Jones, L. G., Kotchen, T. A., Mougey, E. H., Wherry, F. E., Pennington, L. L., & Ricketts, P. T. (1972) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.33.5.602 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Alcohol, physical activity and other risk factors for colorectal cancer: A prospective study
Wu, A. H., Paganini‐Hill, A., Ross, R. K., & Henderson, B. E. (1987) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1987.140 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Glucagon and plasma catecholamine responses to graded and prolonged exercise in man
Galbo, H., Holst, J. J., & Christensen, N. J. (1975) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1975.38.1.70 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Rowell, L. B., Blackmon, J. R., & Bruce, R. A. (1964) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci105043 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Carr, D. B., Bullen, B. A., Skrinar, G. S., Arnold, M. A., Rosenblatt, M., Beitins, I. Z., Martin, J. B., & McArthur, J. W. (1981) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198109033051006 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Factors limiting gastric emptying during rest and exercise.
COSTILL, D. L., & Saltin, B. (1974) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1974.37.5.679 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Measurement of the mean transit time of dietary residue through the human gut.
Cummings, J. H., Jenkins, D. J. A., & Wiggins, H. S. (1976) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.17.3.210 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
JOB ACTIVITY AND COLON CANCER RISK
Garabrant, D. H., Peters, J. M., Mack, T. M., & Bernstein, L. (1984) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113805 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Bloom, S., Johnson, R., Park, D., Rennie, M., & Sulaiman, W. (1976) · Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1976.sp011403 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Bowel function measurements of individuals with different eating patterns.
Davies, G. J., Crowder, M., Reid, B., & Dickerson, J. W. (1986) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.27.2.164 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
LIFETIME OCCUPATIONAL EXERCISE AND COLON CANCER
Vena, J. E., Graham, S., Zielezny, M. A., Swanson, M. K., BARNES, R. E., & Nolan, J. P. (1985) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114116 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
SEDENTARY JOBS AND COLON CANCER
Gerhardsson, M., Norell, S. E., Kiviranta, H., Pedersen, N. L., & Ahlbom, A. (1986) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114306 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal Blood Loss and Anemia in Runners
STEWART, J. G., AHLQUIST, D. A., McGILL, D. B., ILSTRUP, D. M., SCHWARTZ, S., & OWEN, R. A. (1984) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-6-843 · Cited by 180 · see citing works
The effect of exercise on the splanchnic blood flow and splanchnic blood volume in normal man.
Bradley, S. E., CHILDS, A. W., COMBES, B., Cournand, A., WADE, O. L., & WHEELER, H. O. (1956) · PubMed · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Variability of colonic function in healthy subjects.
Wyman, J. B., Heaton, K. W., Manning, A. P., & Wicks, A. C. B. (1978) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.19.2.146 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Multiple hormonal responses to prolonged exercise in relation to physical training.
Hartley, L. H., Mason, J. W., Hogan, R. P., Jones, L. G., Kotchen, T. A., Mougey, E. H., Wherry, F. E., Pennington, L. L., & Ricketts, P. T. (1972) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.33.5.607 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Effect of exercise and physical fitness on large intestinal function
Bingham, S. A., & Cummings, J. H. (1989) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(89)90381-8 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Effect of prolonged exercise on the passage of a solid meal through the stomach and small intestine.
Cammack, J., Read, N. W., Cann, P., Greenwood, B., & Holgate, A. (1982) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.23.11.957 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Does gender or the menstrual cycle affect colonic transit?
Hinds, J. P., Stoney, B., & Wald, A. (1989) · PubMed · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Frisch, R. E., Wyshak, G., Albright, N. L., et al. (1987) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/45.1.328 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Blood levels of adrenergic amines during exercise.
Banister, E. W., & Griffiths, J. G. (1972) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1972.33.5.674 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
'Runner's trots'. Gastrointestinal disturbances in runners
Fogoros, R. N. (1980) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.243.17.1743 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Occult Gastrointestinal Blood Loss in Marathon Runners
McMahon, L. F., RYAN, M. J., LARSON, D., & FISHER, R. L. (1984) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-100-6-846 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Effect of prolonged exercise on plasma prostaglandin levels
Demers, L. M., Harrison, T. S., Halbert, D. R., & Santen, R. J. (1981) · Prostaglandins and Medicine · doi:10.1016/0161-4630(81)90073-2 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Fogoros, R. N. (1980) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1980.03300430045023 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Turnbull, G. K., Thompson, D., Day, S., Martin, J., Walker, E. R. C., & Lennard‐Jones, J. E. (1989) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.30.1.30 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Gastroenteropancreatic hormonal changes during exercise
Hilsted, J., Galbo, H., Sonne, B., Schwartz, T. W., Fahrenkrug, J., de Muckadell, O. B. S., Lauritsen, K. B., & Tronier, B. (1980) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1980.239.3.g136 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The Gastrointestinal Symptoms of Running
Sullivan, S. (1981) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198104093041522 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Effect of aerobic exercise on mouth-to-cecum transit time.
Meshkinpour, H., Kemp, C., & Fairshter, R. (1989) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(89)80100-3 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Gastric emptying in marathon runners.
Carrió, I., Estorch, M., Serra-Grima, R., Ginjaume, M., Notivol, R., Calabuig, R., & Vilardell, F. (1989) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.30.2.152 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
ALTERED BOWEL HABIT AND MENSTRUATION
Rees, W. D., & Rhodes, J. (1976) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(76)92575-7 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Do some marathon runners bleed into the gut?
Porter, A. M. W. (1983) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.287.6403.1427 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Effect of exercise on postprandial gastric secretion and emptying in humans
Feldman, M., & Nixon, J. V. I. (1982) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1982.53.4.851 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Brandsborg, O., Christensen, N. J., Galbo, H., et al. (1978) · Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1080/00365517809108449 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF EXERCISE ON THE DIGESTIVE WORK OF THE STOMACH
Hellebrandt, F. A., & Tepper, R. H. (1934) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1934.107.2.355 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Gastrointestinal Regulatory Peptide Responses in Long-Distance Runners
Sullivan, S. N., Champion, M. C., Christofides, N. D., Adrian, T. E., & Bloom, S. R. (1984) · The Physician and Sportsmedicine · doi:10.1080/00913847.1984.11701902 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Effect of aerobic exercise on mouth-to-cecum transit time
Meshkinpour, H., Kemp, C., & Fairshter, R. D. (1989) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/0016-5085(89)90925-6 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
The Effect of Running on the Gastrointestinal Tract
Johnson, L. F., & Sullivan, S. (1984) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/00004836-198410000-00013 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Sitzende Tätigkeit und Rektum-Sigma-Karzinom
Husemann, B., Neubauer, M. G., & Duhme, C. (2009) · Onkologie · doi:10.1159/000214787 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Meyer, H. J., Huchzermeyer, H., Ostertag, H., et al. (2009) · Onkologie · doi:10.1159/000214903 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Turnbull GK, Thompson DG, Day 5, MUartin J, Walker E, Lennard-Jones JE. Relationship hetween symptoms, menstrual cycle and orocaecal transit in normal and consti- pated women. Gut 1989; 30: 30-4.
- Davies G1, Crowder M, Reid B, Dickerson JWT. Bowel function mneasurements of individuals with different eating habits. Gut 1986; 27: 164-9.
- Campbell JMH, Mitchell GD, Powell ATW. The influence of exercise on digestion. Guy's Hosp Rep 1928; 78: 279-93.
- Fordtran JS, Salting B. Gastric emptying and intestinal absorption during prolonged severe exercise. J Appl Physiol 1%7; 23: 331-5.
- Evans DF, Foster GE, Hardcastle JD. Does exercise affect small bowel motility in man? Gut 1983; 24: A1012.
- Sullivan SN, Champion MC, Christofides ND, et al. The gastrointestinal regulatory peptide changes of long distance running. Phys Sports Med 1984; 12: 77-82.
- Huseman B, Neubauer MG, Duhme C. Sitzender Taetigkeit und Rektum-sigma-karzinom. Onkologie 1980; 4: 168-71.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mohr, A. E., Jäger, R., Carpenter, K. C., Kerksick, C. M., Purpura, M., Townsend, J. R., West, N. P., Black, K., Gleeson, M., Pyne, D. B., et al. (2020) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/s12970-020-00353-w · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Dukas, L., Willett, W. C., & Giovannucci, E. L. (2003) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07591.x · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Cerdá, B., Pérez, M., Pérez-Santiago, J. D., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., González-Soltero, R., & Larrosa, M. (2016) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00051 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
De Schryver, A. M., Keulemans, Y. C., Peters, H. P., Akkermans, L. M., Smout, A. J., De Vries, W. R., & Van Berge-Henegouwen, G. P. (2005) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365520510011641 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Morita, E., Yokoyama, H., Imai, D., Takeda, R., Ota, A., Kawai, E., Hisada, T., Emoto, M., Suzuki, Y., & Okazaki, K. (2019) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu11040868 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Codella, R., Luzi, L., & Terruzzi, I. (2018) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.dld.2017.11.016 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Daley, A., Grimmett, C., Roberts, L., Wilson, S., Fatek, M., Roalfe, A., & Singh, S. (2008) · International Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-2008-1038600 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Effect of heavy exercise on gastrointestinal transit in endurance athletes
Strid, H., Simrén, M., Störsrud, S., Stotzer, P.-O., & Sadik, R. (2011) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3109/00365521.2011.558110 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Relationship between lifestyle factors and defecation in a Japanese population
Nakaji, S., Tokunaga, S., Sakamoto, J., Todate, M., Shimoyama, T., Umeda, T., & Sugawara, K. (2002) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-002-0380-4 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
- Authors
- Oettlé, G. J.
- Affiliations
- University of the Witwatersrand (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Oettlé, G J
- Venue
- Gut
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 1991-08
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 941-944
- ISSN
- 0017-5749 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-3288
- PMC
- PMC1378967
- OpenAlex
- W2106176275
- Cited by
- 211
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Gut (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Pelvic floor disorders treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- moderate-intensity exercise, bowel habits, gut transit time, whole gut transit, jogging, cycling, treadmill running, stool frequency, stool weight, dietary fiber, fluid intake, healthy young adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bicycling, Defecation, Female, Gastrointestinal Transit, Humans, Jogging, Male, Time Factors, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review