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Cited by 30Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyNitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsExercise and Physiological Responses

Functional adaptations in the skeletal muscle microvasculature to endurance and interval sprint training in the type 2 diabetic OLETF rat

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Martin, Jeffrey S., Padilla, Jaume, Jenkins, Nathan T., Crissey, Jacqueline M., Bender, Shawn B., Rector, R. Scott, Thyfault, John P., Laughlin, M. Harold·2012·Journal of Applied Physiology
DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00823.2012PMC PMC3472489
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Abstract

Prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes includes recommendation to perform aerobic exercise, but evidence indicates that high-intensity exercise training may confer greater benefit. Unique motor recruitment patterns during exercise elicit spatially focused increases in blood flow and subsequent adaptations. Therefore, using 20-wk-old Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats with advanced insulin resistance, we examined whether 12 wk of exercise protocols that elicit different motor unit recruitment patterns, endurance exercise (EndEx), and interval sprint training (IST) induce spatially differential effects on endothelial-dependent dilation to acetylcholine (ACh; 1 nM-100 μM) and vasoreactivity to insulin (1-1,000 μIU/ml) in isolated, pressurized skeletal muscle resistance arterioles. Compared with sedentary OLETF rats, EndEx enhanced sensitivity to ACh in second-order arterioles perfusing the "red" (G2A-R) and "white" (G2A-W) portions of the gastrocnemius (EC(50): +36.0 and +31.7%, respectively), whereas IST only increased sensitivity to ACh in the G2A-R (+35.5%). Significant heterogeneity in the vasomotor response to insulin was observed between EndEx and IST as mean endothelin-1 contribution in EndEx was 27.3 ± 7.6 and 25.9 ± 11.0% lower in the G2A-R and G2A-W, respectively. These microvascular effects of exercise were observed in conjunction with training-related improvements in glycemic control (HbA1c: 6.84 ± 0.23, 5.39 ± 0.06, and 5.30 ± 0.14% in sedentary, EndEx, and IST, respectively). In summary, this study provides novel evidence that treatment of advanced insulin resistance in the OLETF rat with exercise paradigms that elicit diverse motor recruitment patterns produce differential adaptive responses in endothelial-dependent dilation and in the complex vascular actions of insulin.

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Authors
Martin, J. S., Padilla, J., Jenkins, N. T., Crissey, J. M., Bender, S. B., Rector, R. S., Thyfault, J. P., & Laughlin, M. H.
Affiliations
  • University of Missouri (US)
  • Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Martin, Jeffrey S.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Applied Physiology
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Published
2012-10-15
Volume
113
Issue
8
Pages
1223-1232
ISSN
  • 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
  • 8750-7587
  • 1522-1601
DOI
10.1152/japplphysiol.00823.2012
PMC
PMC3472489
OpenAlex
W2041767818
Cited by
30
References
42
Citations by year
2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5
FWCI
14.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Otsuka Pharmaceutical
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NIH RO1HL036088, R01HL036088)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (T32AR048523)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Keywords
type 2 diabetes, OLETF rats, skeletal muscle microvasculature, endurance exercise, insulin resistance, acetylcholine, endothelin-1, motor unit recruitment, gastrocnemius, glycemic control, high-intensity exercise
MeSH terms
Acetylcholine, Animals, Arterioles, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Physical Endurance, Vasodilation, Vasomotor System, Muscle, Skeletal, Endothelin-1, Rats, Inbred OLETF, Rats, Microvessels

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