Endurance training lowers ribosome density despite increasing ribosome biogenesis markers in rodent skeletal muscle
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine if: (a) high sugar/high fat Western diet (WD)-feeding affects skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis markers in hyperphagic, diabetic-prone Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, and (b) 12 weeks of treadmill training rescued potential detriments that WD feeding exerted on these markers. METHODS: Eight week-old male OLETF rats were fed a low-fat control diet (O-CON, n = 10) or high/sucrose/cholesterol Western diet (WD). At weeks 20-32 of age, WD-fed rats were divided into WD sedentary (O-WD/SED, n = 16), or WD treadmill trained (5 days/week, 60 min/day) (O-WD/EX, n = 10) conditions. RESULTS: Interestingly, total RNA (i.e., ribosome density) was 2.3-fold greater in O-WD/SED versus O-WD/EX rats (p = 0.003) despite levels of upstream binding factor protein, RNA polymerase I protein and pre-45S rRNA being greater in O-WD/EX rats. Ribophagy (USP10 and G3BP1) and TRAMP-exosome rRNA degradation pathway (EXOSC10 and SKIV2L2) proteins were assayed to determine if these pathways were involved with lower ribosome density in O-WD/EX rats. While USP10 was higher in O-CON versus O-WD/SED and O-WD/EX rats (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), G3BP1, EXOSC10 and SKIV2L2 did not differ between groups. Nop56 and Ncl mRNAs, ribosome assembly markers, were highest in O-WD/EX rats. However, Fbl mRNA and 28S rRNA, downstream ribosome processing markers, were lowest in O-WD/EX rats. Collectively these data suggest that, in WD-fed rats, endurance training increases select skeletal muscle ribosome biogenesis markers. However, endurance training may reduce muscle ribosome density by interfering with rRNA processing and/or export through mechanisms independent of ribophagy or rRNA degradation.
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OLETF rats exposed to 12 weeks of treadmill training demonstrated ~60% lower total RNA per mg wet tissue compared to untrained animals.
“we have reported that Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats exposed to 12weeks of treadmill training demonstrated ~60% lower total RNA per mg wet tissue (a surrogate of skeletal muscle ribosome density) compared to untrained animals (Romero et al., 2017)”
From Skeletal Muscle Ribosome and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Response to Different Exercise Training Modalities (2021) · cites this paper as Romero et al., 2017
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- Authors
- Romero, M. A., Mobley, C. B., Linden, M. A., Meers, G. M.-E., Martin, J. S., Young, K. C., Rector, R. S., & Roberts, M. D.
- Affiliations
- Auburn University (US)
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
- Corresponding author
- Roberts, Michael D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMC Research Notes
- Published
- 2017-08-11
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 399-399
- ISSN
- 1756-0500 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5553677
- OpenAlex
- W2744229529
- Cited by
- 8
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 0.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Research Notes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VHA-CDA2 1299-01)
- University of Missouri
- Auburn University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Keywords
- endurance training, ribosome biogenesis, ribosome density, skeletal muscle, Western diet, OLETF rats, type 2 diabetes, ribophagy, rRNA processing, NOP56, NCL, 28S rRNA, treadmill training
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Exoribonucleases, Male, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Ribosomes, RNA Polymerase I, RNA Precursors, RNA, Ribosomal, Biomarkers, Muscle, Skeletal, Rats, Inbred OLETF, RNA Helicases, Diet, High-Fat, Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex
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